Effects of social value orientation (SVO) and decision mode on controlled information acquisition—A Mouselab perspective

Insights into the processes underlying observed decisions are crucial for a comprehensive understanding of behavior. We investigate how individual social value orientation (SVO) relates to controlled information acquisition and how this relationship may be governed by intuitive versus reflective decision modes. We measure controlled information acquisition with the process tracing tool Mouselab and demonstrate its potential for advancing research on social decision-making. In two experiments, participants worked on two consecutive SVO tasks, in which they allocated points between themselves and others. Information regarding the available distributions of points had to be actively acquired by moving the mouse cursor over corresponding boxes on the screen. We observed a stable relationship between SVO and controlled information acquisition in both experiments: less selfish participants acquired more information and made more other-oriented acquisitions, and this relationship showed up in both an intuitive and a reflective decision mode. However, participants in a reflective decision mode acquired more information, their acquisitions were more strongly other-oriented, and their decisions were more prosocial compared to participants in an intuitive mode. Taken together, our results advance research on SVO by showing that non-selfish individuals invest considerable time and effort to gauge the consequences of their decisions for others, which might underlie the pervasive effects of SVO on many socially relevant behaviors. Moreover, we demonstrate how intuitive versus reflective decision modes can alter controlled information acquisition. Finally, our results illustrate that Mouselab is a simple-to-use and versatile tool for tracing cognitive processes underlying social psychological phenomena.

Partner supportive dyadic coping and relationship stability among parents of children with autism spectrum disorder

Studies involving parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have reported negative relationship outcomes for some couples and positive for others, indicating the need to determine the moderators of the link between stress and divorce. This study aims to examine the moderating effect of partner supportive dyadic coping, i.e., interpersonal coping that involves providing comfort, empathy, or practical advice to one’s partner, on the association between parental stress and relationship stability among parents of children with ASD. The study was conducted on a sample of parents (N=89) who met the criteria of being in a relationship and parenting at least one child diagnosed with ASD. The questionnaire included the Parental Stress Scale, a subscale of the Dyadic Coping Inventory, an item assessing the potential for divorce, and sociodemographic variables. The logistic regression analysis model explained a substantial amount of the variance of relationship stability. Higher probability of having a stable relationship was associated with lower levels of parental stress and higher levels of supportive dyadic coping. Additionally, supportive dyadic coping buffered the negative effect of parental stress: the effect of stress on relationship stability was evident only among participants whose partners showed low supportive dyadic coping. The results indicate that a relationship does not necessarily end in divorce when a couple experiences stressful circumstances, such as raising a child with ASD. The key factor could be supportive dyadic coping that prevents negative effects of stress on relationship maintenance. Support services should aim to enhance supportive dyadic coping skills among parents, and advocate for the fact that both stress and coping are joint processes of partners in a relationship.

Understanding the Value Logics of Family Business–A Structured Literature Review

Business model is being understood as the value logic in value proposition, capture, exchange, and creation. Family business model is different from non-family business according to its specific identity and characteristics. Because of this, family firms propose value through offering job opportunities prior to their family members, focusing more on establishing stable relationship with their stakeholders, working to realize sustainable development with local community and environment and aiming at achieving long-term orientation goals. This research applied a structured literature review adopting 84 papers to elaborate family logic and connected with family business model. By summarizing the previous papers, we firstly bring family business strategy with business model perspective, identify different patterns of family business models, and explore the interrelationships among the 4 value logics. It contributes to family business research by identifying specific family business model based on value logic lens. It also contributes to business model research by applying value logic lens into family business context.

Agression against teenagers with health disabilities

Identified are the essence and indicators of aggression at the level of interpersonal relations in the educational environment of Azerbaijan were identified. The phenomenon of bullying has been found to consist of systematic or temporary physical or psychological violence committed in a group or individually, with an emphasis on a person who is mentally or physically weak. Under the conditions of bullying, high school students develop a stable relationship between the “victim” and the “criminal”. It is shown that the positive attitude of high school students, individual adaptive potential and neuropsychological stability, activity in interpersonal interactions and positive perception of others, reduction of anxiety can be an important condition for the formation of a number of positive psychological characteristics. Aggression is based on a difficult life situation. The most active factors of the viability of such behavior of schoolchildren who are participants in violence in the educational environment have been identified.

Analysis of the Impact of Business Greening, which Based on Circular Economy Principles, on Sustainable Tourism Development in European Countries

Purpose: To test the hypothesis of the relationship between the degree of business greening on the basis of a circular economy and indicators that determine the level of international tourism attractiveness of European countries in the context of sustainable tourism. Findings: The author puts forward a hypothesis about the existence of a stable relationship between the business greening degree, which based on the principles of a circular economy, and the level of tourist attractiveness of the country. Based on the analysis of the basic provisions of the circular economy concept and the principles of sustainable development, the author provides a theoretical substantiation of this relationship. The author testes the hypothesis by clustering European countries according to the Environmental Performance Index and, based on correlation analysis, determines a close relationship between economic and environmental indicators within each of the clusters. Calculations show that in some regions of Europe there is a positive impact of the spread of the circular economy on the intensification of migration flows to the country. Practical Implications: The results of the research can be used in the practice of international companies when justifying the feasibility of investments in circular projects and programs for the transition to environmental development of territories, as well as for public administration in the development of a positive tourist image of the country. Originality/Value: For the first time, the author proposes a methodological approach to assessing the tourist attractiveness of a country in the context of business greening based on a circular economy. Future Research: Image-making of territories based on a circular economy, systematization of world experience in tourist consumption greening, the formation of tourist clusters in countries with a high level of development of the circular economy. Paper type: Empirical

The synergistic effect of ego-network stability and whole network position: a perspective of transnational coopetition network

PurposeThe authors selected global automobile manufacturing firms whose sales ranked within 100 in the five years from 2014 to 2018 in the Factiva database to examine how the characteristics of a firm's whole network and ego-network in a transnational coopetition network influence network performance.Design/methodology/approachThe authors analyzed the public news of the sample firms about the coopetition by structural content analysis to build the coopetition networks and access to data on the competitive actions of firms. Then, to measure the variables associated with the coopetition network, such as the structural hole, centrality and ego-network stability, the authors use UCINET 6 that is a widely used piece of software for social network analysis to establishing five undirected binary adjacency matrices.FindingsThe authors find that a firm's competitive aggressiveness mediates the relationship between a firm's whole network position and network performance that emphasizes the need for integrating competitive dynamics research and coopetition research and shows how valuable insights can be gained through such integration. And the interaction of structural hole and centrality impacts competitive aggressiveness and network performance, and the interaction is different under high and low ego-network stability. The integration of whole network and ego-network literature studies provides new insights into firm network literature.Practical implicationsIn the process of cooperation, firms should consider whether they can occupy the structural hole and center as important indicators for partner selection. Too stable relationship will prevent firms from obtaining new resources. Firms should weigh the period of cooperation according to specific situation.Originality/valueThese results indicate that ego-network stability, as an important complementary characteristic of coopetition network, has a significant synergistic effect with structural holes and centrality on competitive aggressiveness and network performance. And these findings expand the current literature on the relationship between characteristics of network, competitive aggressiveness and network performance.

Determinants of the public-private partnership’ use: An empirical analysis

Using the Heckman procedure with the data of the European Investment Bank on investment projects implemented on the principles of PPP, the paper identifies factors that are significant for the development of PPP. In particular, the use of PPP turned out to be most sensitive to the maturity of economic development, as well as to the state’s budgetary constraints, which do not allow building all the necessary infrastructure for providing public goods at the expense of the budget. At the same time, there has been found no statistically stable relationship between the institutional environment and the implementation of PPP projects, which may be so due to the quality of the sample — for developing countries, the importance of institutional environment factors, as well as macroeconomic stability, would most likely be more obvious.

Regularities of individual-typological variability of the dental arches and jaws at high palatic ventilation in patients with physiological occlusion

One of the fundamental problems of morphology, which has applied significance, is a comprehensive study of variants of individual-typological variability of the structures of the facial and cerebral parts of the skull, as well as the regularities of the interrelationships of individual components in the cranial system as a whole. An in-depth characteristic of the individual characteristics of the structures of the craniofacial complex makes it possible to improve the methods of diagnosis and treatment of dentoalveolar pathology. The article discusses the morphometric features of the dentition in people with a high type of palatine arch of the dolichopalatinal type, as well as their relationship with the shape of the dental arches and the size of the inter-incisal angle in physiological occlusion of permanent teeth. As a result of the study, the following pattern was determined: the transverse dimensions of the palatine fornix of the dolichopalatinal type have a stable relationship with the transverse dimensions of the dolichognathic dental arches and the value of the inter-incisal angle. The data obtained can be used in the clinic of orthodontics, orthopedic dentistry, and maxillofacial surgery to assess the parameters of the hard palate, diagnose pathological forms of the palatine fornix and determine the effectiveness of the treatment.

Processes of Commercial Territorialization in the Polycentric Region of the Marche. New Commercial Hierarchies in the Doric Capital

The gradual modernization of commercial activities during the past 20 years has had a deep impact on the urban landscape of Ancona and has strongly affected the stable relationship that for decades had marked the city center and its suburbs. The traditional hierarchy of commercial areas has undergone a new configuration due to suburban territorialization processes brought by a large-scale polarization of the city’s suburbs. Understanding these new commercial hierarchies represents a valid tool for planning proper territorial policies and boosting more resilient-based processes which aim at restoring the primary role of a city center that has slowly lost its social appeal and its functional status-quo within the city’s metropolitan area and in the urban network of the Marche.

The Impact of Tourism Development on Economic Development: The Case of Zanzibar

Tourism is perceived as one of the world’s fastest growing service sectors and a major source of economic development for many, if not all, developing countries. Zanzibar as a developing country and also is a small island which have small economy, its national income depend much on tourism contribution, Therefore this paper aim to examine the impact of tourisms development to the economic development of Zanzibar, using the data based on annual time series from the period 1989–2019 and also employing Vector Error Correlation Model (VECM) to arrive at conclusions from the data in the study area. The study results found a long-run stable relationship among tourism development and economic development of Zanzibar, there is a positive and significant impact that exists between GDP and international tourism arrivals, inflation and government expenditure respectively while only inflation results show positive but insignificant impact. In order to increase the economic development in Zanzibar through the tourism sector, there is a need for the government and other stakeholders of tourism to put much consideration on this sector so as to improve overall development of Zanzibar economy.