scholarly journals Exploring the impact of adolescent cognitive inflexibility on emotional and behavioural problems experienced by autistic adults

Autism ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 136236132110461
Author(s):  
Matthew J Hollocks ◽  
Tony Charman ◽  
Gillian Baird ◽  
Catherine Lord ◽  
Andrew Pickles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Intelligence Quotient ◽  
Behavioural Problems ◽  
Emotional And Behavioural Problems ◽  
Verbal Intelligence ◽  
Repetitive Behaviours ◽  
Verbal Intelligence Quotient ◽  
Cognitive Inflexibility ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Restricted And Repetitive Behaviours

Autistic young people experience high levels of co-occurring mental health difficulties, including anxiety, depression and behavioural difficulties, across their lifespan. Understanding the neuropsychological mechanisms which underlie these difficulties is vital in developing personalised supports and interventions. Cognitive inflexibility is one candidate mechanism which is associated with co-occurring mental health comorbidities but is also associated with other features of autism such as restricted and repetitive behaviours. This study investigates the distinct longitudinal association between cognitive inflexibility, measured using objective neuropsychological measures and emotional and behavioural problems across adolescence and early adulthood. Eighty-one autistic people from a population-based longitudinal study were assessed at 16 and 23 years on measures of emotional and behavioural problems, with cognitive inflexibility, restricted and repetitive behaviours and verbal intelligence quotient measured at 16 years. We used structural equation modelling to investigate the relationship between cognitive inflexibility and emotional and behavioural symptoms at both timepoints while accounting for the severity of restricted and repetitive behaviours and verbal intelligence quotient. Our results indicate an effect of cognitive inflexibility on increased behavioural problems at 16 years and emotional problems across timepoints, which is distinct from restricted and repetitive behaviours and verbal intelligence quotient. Exploratory mediation analyses suggest that cognitive inflexibility may be one mechanism through which emotional difficulties are maintained longitudinally. Lay abstract Autistic people experience high levels of co-occurring mental health difficulties. To develop more effective treatments, a greater understanding of the thinking processes that may lead to these difficulties is needed. Cognitive inflexibility, defined as a rigid pattern of thoughts and subsequently behaviours, is one possible thinking trait which has previously been associated with both co-occurring mental health difficulties but also other features of autism such as restricted and repetitive behaviours. Restricted and repetitive behaviours include repetitive movements, ritualistic behaviours, and/or highly focused interests. This study investigates the relationship between, cognitive inflexibility, measured using neuropsychological tasks, and emotional and behavioural problems across adolescence and early adulthood. Eighty-one autistic people who were recruited to be representative of the wider autism population were assessed at 16 and 23 years on measures of emotional and behavioural problems, with cognitive inflexibility, restricted and repetitive behaviours and verbal intelligence measured at 16 years. We used statistical modelling to investigate the relationship between cognitive inflexibility and emotional and behavioural symptoms at both timepoints while accounting for the possible relationship with restricted and repetitive behaviours and verbal intelligence quotient. Our results suggest that cognitive inflexibility may be an important factor associated with emotional difficulties across adolescence and early adulthood. This suggests that developing intervention approaches targeting cognitive inflexibility may be an important step in improving the mental health of those with autism.

Children Who are Uncommonly Good: The Comprehension Subtest of the WISC—R

1987 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 465-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Klein
Keyword(s):  
Intelligence Quotient ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Moral Awareness ◽  
Verbal Intelligence ◽  
High Anxiety ◽  
Verbal Intelligence Quotient ◽  
Moral Standards ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Healthy Personality

The Comprehension subtest of the WISC—B. was examined from different perspectives. Children who score above average on the subtest also exhibit healthy personality characteristics such as freedom from high anxiety, high depression, and low self-esteem. Upper middle-class children (17 in Grade 3 and 15 in Grade 6) did not show greater moral awareness than would be predicted by their high Verbal Intelligence Quotient. Actively teaching school children moral standards and socially accepted behaviour is given support by the data.

scholarly journals Intellectual performance profi le of a sample of children and adolescents from Brazil with 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome (22q11.2DS) based on the Wechsler Scale

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Salustiano Evangelista PIMENTA ◽  
Cláudia Berlim de MELLO ◽  
Diogo Cordeiro de Queiroz SOARES ◽  
Anelisa Gollo DANTAS ◽  
Maria Isabel MELARAGNO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intelligence Quotient ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
22Q11.2 Deletion Syndrome ◽  
Deletion Syndrome ◽  
Design Matrix ◽  
Verbal Intelligence ◽  
22Q11.2 Deletion ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Intellectual Performance ◽  
Verbal Intelligence Quotient

Abstract The 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome (22q11.2DS), the most common human chromosome microdeletion syndrome, is associated with a very heterogeneous neurocognitive phenotype. One of the main characteristics of the syndrome spectrum is the intellectual variability, which encompasses average performance and intellectual disability and discrepancies between Verbal Intelligence Quotient and Performance Verbal Intelligence Quotient, with greater impairment in nonverbal tasks. The present study aimed at investigating the intellectual performance aspects of a 21children and adolescents sample from Brazil who had been diagnosed with 22q11.2DS, based on the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - 4th edition. The samples were reviewed considering the differences between indices. The results revealed an Full Scale Intelligence Quotient predominant in the borderline range (42 to 104) and a significant discrepancy between the indices of Verbal Comprehension and Perceptual Reasoning in 42% of the sample. With regard to the performance in the subtests alone, a better performance was found in Similarities, whereas block design, matrix reasoning, digit span and letter-number sequencing subtests were the most challenging. These findings indicate that a comprehensive assessment of intellectual performance aspects covering the different measures of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale may contribute to a broader understanding of the neurocognitive phenotype associated with 22q11.2DS.

scholarly journals Exploring the use of the verbal intelligence quotient as a proxy for language ability in autism spectrum disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 101548
Author(s):  
Leticia Ribeiro de Oliveira ◽  
Jessica Brian ◽  
Elizabeth Kelley ◽  
Deryk Beal ◽  
Robert Nicolson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Intelligence Quotient ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Language Ability ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Verbal Intelligence ◽  
Verbal Intelligence Quotient

The correlation between striatal dopamine D2/D3 receptor availability and verbal intelligence quotient in healthy volunteers

2005 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 547-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
JIN FU GUO ◽  
YEN KUANG YANG ◽  
NAN TSING CHIU ◽  
TZUNG LIEH YEH ◽  
PO SEE CHEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intelligence Quotient ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Striatal Dopamine ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Verbal Intelligence ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Verbal Intelligence Quotient ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence

Background. Although a correlation between the central dopaminergic system and intelligence may exist, the results from imaging studies remain inconclusive. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between striatal dopamine D2/D3 receptor availability and verbal intelligence quotient (VIQ) using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT).Method. Striatal D2/D3 receptor availability of 64 healthy subjects was determined with the [123I]iodobenzamide ([123I]IBZM) ligand. Intelligence quotients (IQs) of the subjects were measured by the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale – Revised (WAIS-R).Results. In addition to age, left striatal D2/D3 receptor availability correlated positively with VIQ. In females, left striatal D2/D3 receptor availability was the only variable that correlated significantly with the similarities subtest of VIQ.Conclusions. There is a relationship between left striatal D2/D3 receptor availability and verbal intelligence, which varies, predominantly in males.

scholarly journals A Study to See Effects of Psychological Counselling On Intelligence of Secondary Level Students

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Sarika Mohta
Keyword(s):  
Intelligence Quotient ◽  
Mixed Type ◽  
Secondary Level ◽  
Verbal Intelligence ◽  
Psychological Counselling ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Guidance Counselling ◽  
External Interventions ◽  
Counselling Interventions ◽  
Experimental Group

To know the effects of counselling on intelligence on young children 200 students of Aklank and Modi Public School of Kota (Rajasthan) were taken for study. Dr. P.N. Mehrotra’s mixed type group test of intelligence was implied. It measures verbal and non-verbal intelligence and also indicates about the areas of intelligence where the child needs guidance / counselling for improvement. Thus after scoring and analysis the data obtained, could be said that there was no significant difference in the Intelligence Quotient of both the groups in both class IX and class X testing of both experimental and controlled group. There was no difference in the I.Q. of the experimental group after two counselling interventions, establishes and confirm the theory and thought that the Intelligence is a hereditary factor which cannot be influenced by any external interventions.

Intelligence and Personality

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 124-132
Author(s):  
Marc-André Bédard ◽  
Yann Le Corff
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Big Five Personality Traits ◽  
Original Study ◽  
Life Assessment ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Verbal Intelligence ◽  
Nonverbal Intelligence ◽  
French Canadian

Abstract. This replication and extension of DeYoung, Quilty, Peterson, and Gray’s (2014) study aimed to assess the unique variance of each of the 10 aspects of the Big Five personality traits ( DeYoung, Quilty, & Peterson, 2007 ) associated with intelligence and its dimensions. Personality aspects and intelligence were assessed in a sample of French-Canadian adults from real-life assessment settings ( n = 213). Results showed that the Intellect aspect was independently associated with g, verbal, and nonverbal intelligence while its counterpart Openness was independently related to verbal intelligence only, thus replicating the results of the original study. Independent associations were also found between Withdrawal, Industriousness and Assertiveness aspects and verbal intelligence, as well as between Withdrawal and Politeness aspects and nonverbal intelligence. Possible explanations for these associations are discussed.

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