Liberalisation of Maize Marketing in the Arusha Region in Tanzania

1996 ◽  
pp. 76-99
Author(s):  
Willy Parsalaw
Keyword(s):  
Arusha Region

scholarly journals IMPACT OF MODELLING TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION FOR OUT-OF-SCHOOL TIME LEARNING ON ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT

2020 ◽  
pp. 292-299
Author(s):  
Dr. Thadei A. Kiwango
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Technology Integration ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Government ◽  
Arusha Region ◽  
Primary School Pupils ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Out Of School

This paper determines the impact of modelling technology integration for of out-of-school (OST) learning on academic achievement in primary schools. The research was conducted in Arusha Region, specifically in Meru District. The paper adopted the experimental design, involving experimental and control groups. Each of the two groups comprised three (3) schools, making a total of six (6) schools. The experiment was conducted using Digital Video Disks (DVDs), mobile phones, notebooks and home assignment booklets. The tools were further supplemented by a list of perceived best practices, and examination papers. The findings reveal a statistically significant difference in mean scores between the control and experimental groups as confirmed by 95% confidence level whereby, F (1, 180) = 28.63, p=0. Based on the findings, null hypothesis was rejected, leading to the conclusion that the proposed model for OST technology integration is attributed to significant improvements in academic achievement for primary school OST learners. The implication of these findings is for researchers, and other educational stakeholders, including the government to invest in devising contextually relevant model, and mobilizing parents, teachers and learners with a view to hastening technology integration in order to improve academic achievements for primary school pupils. There is also a need for studies that further explore technology integration opportunities, and associated challenges in a bid to addressing poor academic performance among primary school pupils.

Animal Rabies Control in Arusha Region Tanzania

1985 ◽  
pp. 742-747
Author(s):  
J. F. C. Nyange ◽  
E. K. Kuwert
Keyword(s):  
Rabies Control ◽  
Arusha Region

Insulin Resistance Among Pregnant Women in Urban Areas of Arusha Region, Tanzania

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 512-517
Author(s):  
Safiness Simon Msollo ◽  
Haikael David Martin ◽  
Akwilina Wendelin Mwanri ◽  
Pammla Petrucka
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Arusha Region

scholarly journals Wild Vigna Legumes: Farmers’ Perceptions, Preferences, and Prospective Uses for Human Exploitation

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Difo Voukang Harouna ◽  
Pavithravani B. Venkataramana ◽  
Athanasia O. Matemu ◽  
Patrick Alois Ndakidemi
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Wild Accession ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Ratio Test ◽  
Ecological Zone ◽  
Wild Legumes ◽  
Arusha Region

The insufficient food supply due to low agricultural productivity and quality standards is one of the major modern challenges of global agricultural food production. Advances in conventional breeding and crop domestication have begun to mitigate this issue by increasing varieties and generation of stress-resistant traits. Yet, very few species of legumes have been domesticated and perceived as usable food/feed material, while various wild species remain unknown and underexploited despite the critical global food demand. Besides the existence of a few domesticated species, there is a bottleneck challenge of product acceptability by both farmers and consumers. Therefore, this paper explores farmers’ perceptions, preferences, and the possible utilization of some wild Vigna species of legumes toward their domestication and exploitation. Quantitative and qualitative surveys were conducted in a mid-altitude agro-ecological zone (Arusha region) and a high altitude agro-ecological zone (Kilimanjaro region) in Tanzania to obtain the opinions of 150 farmers regarding wild legumes and their uses. The study showed that very few farmers in the Arusha (28%) and Kilimanjaro (26%) regions were aware of wild legumes and their uses. The study further revealed through binary logistic regression analysis that the prior knowledge of wild legumes depended mainly on farmers’ location and not on their gender, age groups, education level, or farming experience. From the experimental plot with 160 accessions of wild Vigna legumes planted and grown up to near complete maturity, 74 accessions of wild Vigna legumes attracted the interest of farmers who proposed various uses for each wild accession. A Χ2 test (likelihood ratio test) revealed that the selection of preferred accessions depended on the farmers’ gender, location, and farming experience. Based on their morphological characteristics (leaves, pods, seeds, and general appearance), farmers perceived wild Vigna legumes as potentially useful resources that need the attention of researchers. Specifically, wild Vigna legumes were perceived as human food, animal feed, medicinal plants, soil enrichment material, and soil erosion-preventing materials. Therefore, it is necessary for the scientific community to consider these lines of farmers’ suggestions before carrying out further research on agronomic and nutritional characteristics toward the domestication of these alien species for human exploitation and decision settings.

Connoisseur's Choice: Diopside Merelani, Arusha Region, Tanzania

2013 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul W. Pohwat
Keyword(s):  
Arusha Region

scholarly journals Association between dietary diversity with overweight and obesity: A cross-sectional study conducted among pastoralists in Monduli District in Tanzania

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0244813
Author(s):  
Ahmed Gharib Khamis ◽  
Julius Edward Ntwenya ◽  
Mbazi Senkoro ◽  
Sayoki Godfrey Mfinanga ◽  
Katharina Kreppel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
General Obesity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Monduli District ◽  
Arusha Region

Background The prevalence of overweight and obesity is rising at a rapid pace and is associated with negative health consequences like cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes and cancer. Obesity is a multifactorial problem that develops mainly from lifestyle factors including physical inactivity and poor dietary intake. Dietary diversity is a simplified method for assessing the adequacy and quality of diet and is associated with nutritional need and overall health status. Therefore, we conducted this study to synthesize the associations between consumption of a diversified diet and overweight/ obesity among adults living in pastoral communities in Monduli district in Tanzania. Methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted among 510 adults aged ≥ 18 years old in the Monduli district, Arusha region in Tanzania. We conducted face-to-face interviews to collect information about socio-demographic characteristics, 24-hours dietary recall, and anthropometric measurements. The dietary diversity score (DDS) was constructed and used to determine the diversity of the diet consumed. We performed the multivariate Poisson regressions to determine the prevalence ratio (PR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). The dependent variables were overweight and general obesity as measured by body mass index (BMI), abdominal obesity measured by waist-hip ratio (WHR) and waist circumference (WC). Results The prevalence of general obesity based on BMI was 20.2% (95%CI; 16.9–23.9), abdominal obesity based on WHR was 37.8% (95%CI; 33.7–42.1), and WC was 29.1% (95%CI; 25.2–33.1). More than half (54.3%) of the participants consumed an adequate dietary diversity (DDS ≥4). After adjustment for potential confounders, the prevalence of abdominal obesity by WHR decreased with higher DDS among male (APR = 0.42; 95% CI, 0.22–0.77) and female participants (APR = 0.63; 95% CI, 0.41–0.94). There were inconsistent positive associations between DDS and prevalence of overweight and general obesity among male and female. There was no association between DDS and abdominal obesity by WC. Conclusion More than half of the pastoralists have consumed an adequate diversified diet. Given the inconsistent findings on associations between dietary diversity and obesity measures, this study suggests that targeting dietary diversity as an overweight/obesity prevention strategy requires careful consideration.

scholarly journals Occurrence of Chilli veinal mottle virus in Solanum aethiopicum in Tanzania

Plant Disease ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (7) ◽  
pp. 801-801 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Nono-Womdim ◽  
I. S. Swai ◽  
M. L. Chadha ◽  
K. Gebre-Selassie ◽  
G. Marchoux
Keyword(s):  
Green Peach Aphid ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Mottle Virus ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Natural Occurrence ◽  
Solanum Aethiopicum ◽  
Field Samples ◽  
Arusha Region ◽  
Chilli Veinal Mottle Virus ◽  
Das Elisa

African eggplant, or garden egg (Solanum aethiopicum) is an important vegetable in most sub-Saharan African countries. Since June 1997, viral symptoms, including mosaic, vein clearing, and stunting, have been observed on several crops of African eggplant cv. Tengeru White at a number of sites in the Arusha region of northern Tanzania. Field inspections revealed disease incidence ranging from 50 to 90%. During the same period, high populations of the green peach aphid Myzus persicae were observed in affected crops of African eggplant. These aphids were also found to reproduce in African eggplants. Flexuous, rodshaped virus-like particles, approximately 750 nm long and 12 nm wide, were found in electron microscope leaf dips from field samples of naturally affected African eggplants. The particle size suggested a species of Potyviridae. Thus, 20 field-infected samples of S. aethiopicum (randomly collected from four farms) were assayed in double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) for the presence of Potato virus Y (PVY) and Pepper veinal mottle virus (PVMV), known to infect tomato and other solanaceous crops in the region (2). However, all samples gave negative results. Further DAS-ELISA were performed with the same extracts from naturally infected plants of S. aethiopicum with antisera directed against Tobacco etch virus, Tobacco vein mottling virus, Pepper mottle virus, and Chilli veinal mottle virus (ChiVMV). All 20 samples were positive only for ChiVMV. ChiVMV, a single-stranded RNA virus transmitted in a nonpersistent manner by several aphid species, is one of the most important viruses of pepper in Asia (1). To confirm DAS-ELISA results, an isolate of ChiVMV from African eggplant was transmitted by mechanical inoculations, resulting in disease on tobacco (Nicotiana tobacco cv. Xanthi nc), pepper (Capsicum annuum cv. Yolo Wonder), tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum cv. Tengeru 97), and African eggplant (S. aethiopicum cv. Tengeru White). Extracts from the inoculated plants tested positive for the presence of ChiVMV in DAS-ELISA. This mechanically transmitted isolate did not infect melon (Cucumis melo), cucumber (C. sativus), or cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), which are nonhosts of ChiVMV. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the natural occurrence of ChiVMV in African eggplant. References: (1) S. K. Green et al. PETRIA 9:332, 1999. (2) R. Nono-Womdim et al. J. S. Afr. Soc. Hort. Sci. 6:41–44, 1996.

scholarly journals Effects of Phosphorus Sources and Application Rates on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Concentrations and Phosphorus Use Efficiency in Rice Plant

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Prosper I. Massawe ◽  
Jerome Mrema
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Phosphorus Use Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Total N ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Arusha Region ◽  
Phosphorus Application

A study was conducted to determine the effects of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations and P use efficiency from Minjingu phosphate rock (MPR), Minjingu mazao and Triple Super Phosphate (TSP) fertilizers under irrigated rice (Oryza sativa L.) production in Lekitatu village, Meru district, Arusha region, Tanzania. The initial soil pH in the two experimental sites was slightly alkaline while total N and available P was low and medium respectively. Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications was adopted and phosphorus was applied at the rates of 0, 20, 40 and 60 kg P ha-1 as MPR, Minjingu mazao and TSP. Nitrogen was applied uniformly at a rate of 60 kg N ha-1 as urea taking into account the 10% N contained in the Minjingu mazao fertilizer. Phosphorus application increased N and P contents in the rice plants and phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) with the increase of P levels from 0 to 60 kg P ha-1 for all P sources. The site 1 had more PUE than site 2 due to higher moisture content. These effects were due to increased availability and nutrients uptake by plants, particularly P. Based on the results, it is recommended that; Minjingu mazao at the rates of 40 to 60 kg P ha-1, MPR and TSP at a rate of 60 kg P ha-1, respectively have to be adopted for sustainable soil P use in rice production areas of Lekitatu village.

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