Individual Protection Against Inhalation of Long Living Radioactive Dust Due to an Uncontrolled Release

2007 ◽  
pp. 79-94
Author(s):  
T. Streil ◽  
V. Oeser ◽  
R. Rambousky ◽  
F. W. Buchholz
Keyword(s):  
Radioactive Dust ◽  
Individual Protection

Application of the ergospirometry method for physiological evaluation of the effectiveness of personal protective equipment

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 753-755
Author(s):  
Andrey M. Geregey ◽  
Evgeny S. Shuporin ◽  
Ivan V. Fateev
Keyword(s):  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Cardiorespiratory System ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Physiological Assessment ◽  
Individual Protection ◽  
Physiological Evaluation ◽  
Field And Laboratory Conditions

Today, there are personal protective equipment, which due to their weight and size characteristics and design features can aggravate professional activity. This is characterized by an increase in the load on several major systems of the employee's body, including the cardiorespiratory system, which can cause the development of occupational pathology. The study of the functions of the cardiorespiratory system of humans in the process of his work is an important task in biomedical tests such as PPE, aggravating their professional activities and future means of individual protection from heavy labor and industrial exoskeletons. The aim of the study is to determine the possibility of using ergospirometry for the physiological assessment of personal protective equipment and industrial exoskeletons. Main part. In medical practice and high-performance sports, ergospirometry is considered the "gold standard" for functional assessment of the cardiorespiratory system. There are very few studies showing the use of ergospirometry for the purpose of physiological assessment of personal protective equipment. Results of research works in which ergospirometry was used in medicine, sports, as well as on the physiological and hygienic assessment of combat equipment, various types of personal protective equipment, including new promising personal protective equipment of the musculoskeletal system-industrial exoskeletons. The use of ergospirometry made it possible to register the main indicators of the human cardiorespiratory system both in field and laboratory conditions and allowed forming an objective conclusion about the dynamics of the degree of stress of the human cardiorespiratory system when using personal protective equipment and industrial exoskeletons with various weight and size characteristics. Thus, the use of ergospirometry both in isolation and in combination with other methods allows us to solve problems related to biomedical testing of personal protective equipment and industrial exoskeletons.

FUNCTIONING OF THE MENTAL DEFENSES IN THE CONDUCT OF INTERROGATION WITHIN THE CRIMINAL PROCESS

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 2161-2165
Author(s):  
Hristo Ivanov Popnikolov
Keyword(s):  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Critical Conditions ◽  
Criminal Process ◽  
External Influences ◽  
Administration Of Justice ◽  
Individual Protection ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Subjective Side

From the subject presented in the report it is evident that the pre-trial and the court bodies may, to some extent, be influenced both by the person of the accused and by his competence to participate in the criminal process. In this regard as an expert, the psychologist can offer invaluable assistance. Each expertise would assist all actors involved in the administration of justice on their objective assessment of the offenders, the understanding of their individual protection and the inherent self-justification during procedural actions. The involvement of psychologists in the criminal process is key to establishing the truth in the investigation, because every crime as an act has a subjective side, expressed in the psychic attitude of the perpetrator to the committed act. Establishing these psychological motives is a key point in the criminal process with a view to establishing the truth.Psychological protection stabilizes the personality in the critical conditions of counteraction, related to the elimination of the experiences of tension, anxiety, stress and frustration, leading to maximum mobilization of its resources and at the same time to their overpayment. Thus, the individual who is the subject of the process action is protected against the adverse external influences, but at the cost of a lot of effort and enormous loss of nervous-mental energy, which increases his own vulnerability instead of contributing to its reduction. The appearance and functioning of psychological protection can be significantly impeded by the interaction of the investigator with the accused. Even more complicated is the situation when it breaks the communication contact that may arise in the psychological alienation and self-isolation of the accused due to the desire to protect himself.Protective psychological dominance is a real psychic activity that investigators, investigators, investigators and judges need to take into account in order to effectively deal with their task and to overcome the resistance of the investigated persons and in a time to prove in a lawful and moral way their guilt and participation in the commitment of the crimes.

scholarly journals Development of Cotton Nonwoven Composite Fabric for Toxic Chemical Decontamination and Characterization of its Adsorption Capabilities

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 155892501300800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Utkarsh Sata ◽  
Eugene Wilusz ◽  
Steve Mlynarek ◽  
Gopal Coimbatore ◽  
Ronald Kendall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Department Of Defense ◽  
Chemical Warfare Agents ◽  
Toxic Chemical ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analyzer ◽  
Chemical Decontamination ◽  
Military Applications ◽  
Warfare Agents ◽  
Individual Protection ◽  
Gravimetric Procedure

Because of the current threat of toxic chemicals and chemical warfare agents, personal protection is important for soldiers and first responders, as well as the civilian population. This paper describes the development of a cotton non-particulate nonwoven composite fabric and the evaluation of its adsorption capability for protection against toxic chemical ingress which can be harmful or lethal. In addition, this paper focuses on the evaluation of toxic chemical adsorption capabilities of various chemical protective substrates that have the potential to be used in military applications. The development of a three-layered cotton based decontamination wipe and its adsorption of 0.1 % w/v pinacolyl methylphosphonate in butanol, is presented. Adsorption is quantified using a modified gravimetric procedure developed using a thermogravimetric analyzer. The results demonstrate the adsorption performance of a new cotton-based, non-particulate flexible composite that has a high potential to be used as a portable decontamination wipe. This research is unique in the area of individual protection and addresses the requirements of the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) for seeking and evaluating highly efficient, non-particulate, and skin-friendly materials that provide necessary chemical protection while minimizing any discomfort or irritation.

scholarly journals Settlement process of radioactive dust to the ground inferred from the atmospheric electric field measurement

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Yamauchi ◽  
M. Takeda ◽  
M. Makino ◽  
T. Owada ◽  
I. Miyagi
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Potential Gradient ◽  
Radioactive Material ◽  
Strong Wind ◽  
Fair Weather ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Radiation Dose Rate ◽  
Radioactive Dust ◽  
Cloudy Weather

Abstract. Radioactive materials from the accident at Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant (FNPP) in March 2011 spread over a large area, increasing the atmospheric electric conductivity by their ionizing effect, and reducing the vertical (downward) component of the DC electric field near the ground, or potential gradient (PG). PG data at Kakioka, 150 km away from the FNPP, showed independent changes compared to the radiation dose rate, and a comparison of these data revealed the local dynamics of the radioactive dust. (1) The initial drop of the PG to almost zero during 14–15 March is most likely due to radioactive dust suspended in the air near the ground during cloudy weather. (2) An episode of PG increase to more than 50 V m−1 on 16 March is most likely due to the re-suspension of the radioactive dust from the surface and subsequent removal from Kakioka by the strong wind from the non-contaminated area. (3) Low but finite values of the PG during 16–20 March most likely reflect a reduced amount of radioactive material near the ground after the above wind transported away the majority of the suspended radioactive dust. (4) Very low values of the PG after substantial rain on 20–22 March most likely reflect settlement of the radioactive material by rain-induced fallout. (5) Temporal recovery of daily variations from the end of March to the middle of April with low nighttime fair-weather baseline PG most likely reflects re-suspension of the radioactive dust into the air from the ground and trees, and subsequent transport to the other region or fallout to the ground until late April. (6) Weakening of the daily variation and gradual recovery of the nighttime fair-weather baseline after mid-April suggests a complete settlement of the radioactive material to the ground with partial migration to the subsurface.

Radioactive Tracer Test to Develop a Recycling System for Operating Reactor Scrap Metal

1994 ◽  
Vol 353 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Umemura ◽  
K. Kimura ◽  
K. Takahashi ◽  
D. Sakurai ◽  
M. Yamamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radioactive Tracer ◽  
Tracer Test ◽  
Scrap Metal ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Dose Equivalent ◽  
Radioactive Dust ◽  
Homogeneous Dose ◽  
Metal Products ◽  
Operating Reactor ◽  
Shielding Material

AbstractA demonstration test using radio-isotope(RI) tracers during the manufacturing of inner drum shielding material from the recycling of operating reactor scrap metal was completed and the following results were obtained. The behaviour of five radionuclides (Mn-54. Co-60. Zn-65. Sr-85 and Cs-137) was established. The time-dependent behaviors of the radionuclides in molten steel and in slag were investigated. The radioactivity distributions in metal products were homogeneous. Dose equivalent rates in the working area were below background levels and radioactive dust concentrations in the air were below detection limits.

scholarly journals Immunization: Occupational Risks in Nursing Workers within the Scope of the Family Health Strategy

10.3823/2331 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosângela Alves Almeida Bastos ◽  
Georgiana De Sousa Garrido ◽  
Francisca Das Chagas Alves de Almeida ◽  
Gutenberg Alves Pequeno ◽  
Joberto De Carvalho Farias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Health ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Occupational Accidents ◽  
Occupational Hazards ◽  
Occupational Risks ◽  
Health Strategy ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Health Strategy ◽  
Individual Protection ◽  
The Individual

Objective: The study aimed to identify the occupational hazards to which workers are exposed in nursing working in immunization room of the family health strategy of the municipality of Conde-Paraíba. Methods: this was an exploratory study, descriptive and qualitative. The survey was conducted in basic health units of the municipality of Conde-PB, using a semi-structured interview script, as a tool for data collection, with objective and subjective questions that addressed the topic. Have been followed all ethical and legal precepts of research involving humans. Results and discussion: Nursing workers working in immunization of the said rooms municipality do not have enough knowledge about the occupational hazards to which they are exposed in their work environment, use the individual protection equipment making them vulnerable to a variety of risk situations and contributing to the increase in the number of occupational accidents. Conclusion: The present research demonstrated through the lines of the participants that they are exposed to various occupational hazards to act in vaccine, and that the recognition of these risks is necessary to the development of action for prevention, elimination or control of them. Permanent education is the primary tool for nursing workers acquire knowledge about occupational accidents, their causes and ways to avoid them, thus minimizing the risks that may exist in the workplace. Keywords: Nursing; Occupational Hazards; Immunization.

Radioactive dust levitation and its consequences for fusion devices

2001 ◽  
Vol 290-293 ◽  
pp. 509-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Winter ◽  
V.E. Fortov ◽  
A.P. Nefedov
Keyword(s):  
Radioactive Dust ◽  
Dust Levitation
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