High Level Trellis Coding, Equalisation and Diversity for Mobile Communications

1996 ◽  
pp. 289-297
Author(s):  
Jianjun Wu ◽  
A. H. Aghvami
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Communications ◽  
Trellis Coding ◽  
High Level

scholarly journals AUTOMATED ROUTE SELECTION AND CALCULATION ALGORITHM OF DIVISION MARKET FOR SOFTWARE ADDITION MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS

2020 ◽  
pp. 121-128
Author(s):  
О. О. Hrebenuk ◽  
M. U. Bedzay
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Communications ◽  
Optimal Route ◽  
Calculation Algorithm ◽  
Software Application ◽  
Software Applications ◽  
Joint Forces ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
Geographically Distributed ◽  
Basic Parameters ◽  
High Level

The experience of the Joint forces operation shows the need to create ACS by the actions of JI units at the tactical level. This due is need to ensure the awareness of geographically distributed units, added forces and means, individual servicemen on the battlefield and a high level of efficiency in the management of units. The article discusses the basic principles of using special software applications for mobile communications, based on geographic information system (GIS) for planning the march of units and subdivisions. The expediency of using a mobile platform based on mobile communications as a software carrier is analyzed. Requirements for information systems based on GIS and software applications for mobile communications have been met in order to slow down the efficiency at the stage of planning the relocation of the unit. For this purpose, it is proposed to develop a software application based on the presented algorithm for calculating the march using GIS. The developed algorithm describes the sequence of actions to automate the process of choosing the optimal route on the map, the calculation of the march and its main parameters. The developed algorithm describes the sequence of actions to automate the process of choosing the optimal route on the map, the calculation of the march and its basic parameters. It’s proposed to use digital maps as cartographic services and technologies of Google Maps or Yandex Maps, which advantages are multi-layered and versatile. This approach could automate calculations, improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the commander's decision on the choice of position area and planning the march. In future, it’s worth noting the expansion of the functionality of the software application to the level of mobile information and reference system of the unit commander by developing special app, as well as the use of known software utilities and information resources.

scholarly journals Printed antennas: from theory to praxis, challenges and applications

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 271-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Zichner ◽  
R. R. Baumann
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Communications ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Dipole Antenna ◽  
Multiple Antenna ◽  
Printed Antennas ◽  
Manufacturing Method ◽  
Frequency Identification ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
High Level

Abstract. Miniaturized, highly integrated wireless communication systems are used in many fields like logistics and mobile communications. Often multiple antenna structures are integrated in a single product. To achieve such a high level of integration the antenna structures are manufactured e.g. from flexible boards or via LDS (laser direct structuring) which allows the production of complex monopole or dipole antennas with three-dimensionally curved shapes. Main drawbacks are the sophisticated production process steps and their costs. The additive deposition of metallic inks or pastes by a printing process is an alternative manufacturing method with reduced cost. To implement such printed antennas we investigated in the fields of antenna design, simulation, printing technology and characterization. The chosen example of use was a customized dipole antenna for a Radio Frequency Identification application. The results prove the intended functionality of the printed dipole in regard to a highly cost efficient printing manufacturing.

scholarly journals Assessing reliable human mobility patterns from higher order memory in mobile communications

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (121) ◽  
pp. 20160203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan T. Matamalas ◽  
Manlio De Domenico ◽  
Alex Arenas
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Mobile Communications ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
Waiting Times ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Adaptive Memory ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
High Level

Understanding how people move within a geographical area, e.g. a city, a country or the whole world, is fundamental in several applications, from predicting the spatio-temporal evolution of an epidemic to inferring migration patterns. Mobile phone records provide an excellent proxy of human mobility, showing that movements exhibit a high level of memory. However, the precise role of memory in widely adopted proxies of mobility, as mobile phone records, is unknown. Here we use 560 million call detail records from Senegal to show that standard Markovian approaches, including higher order ones, fail in capturing real mobility patterns and introduce spurious movements never observed in reality. We introduce an adaptive memory-driven approach to overcome such issues. At variance with Markovian models, it is able to realistically model conditional waiting times, i.e. the probability to stay in a specific area depending on individuals' historical movements. Our results demonstrate that in standard mobility models the individuals tend to diffuse faster than observed in reality, whereas the predictions of the adaptive memory approach significantly agree with observations. We show that, as a consequence, the incidence and the geographical spread of a disease could be inadequately estimated when standard approaches are used, with crucial implications on resources deployment and policy-making during an epidemic outbreak.

scholarly journals COMPETITION FACTORS IN THE MOBILE COMMUNICATION MARKET

2019 ◽  
pp. 56-62
Author(s):  
A. Bondarenko ◽  
V. Gordienko ◽  
O. Dutchenko
Keyword(s):  
Market Share ◽  
Mobile Communications ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Mobile Operator ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Capacity Market ◽  
Market Capacity ◽  
Communications Services ◽  
High Level ◽  
Relative Market Share

One of the most important areas of study of the features of an enterprise's economic activity, especially in conditions when the market is constantly evolving and changing, is the analysis of the enterprise's competitiveness. The importance of research on this topic is that a high level of competitiveness of the company is a guarantee of high profits. In today's conditions, competition is a determining factor in price ordering, an incentive for innovative processes (the introduction of new inventions and technologies into production). It contributes to the crowding out of production of inefficient enterprises, the rational use of resources. Therefore, a constant competitiveness study is necessary both for the enterprise (in order to improve and maintain its position) and for the state (to control the relevant industry). The purpose of this article is a practical study of the competitiveness of Kyivstar JSC in the mobile communications market, namely, the identification of the competitive advantages of the company and the formation of the general condition of this market on the basis of a study of the activities of leaders providing mobile communications services in Ukraine. To cover the situation on the market of mobile operators, in addition to Kyivstar, we briefly analyze the activities of the main competitors of MTS (Vodafone) and Lifecell. The article explores the competitiveness of Kyivstar JSC, considers the main methods for researching competitiveness, defines indicators of market share, relative market share, Herfindahl-Hirschman Index, and builds a competitiveness polygon. An analytical study of Kyivstar’s competitiveness in the mobile services market in Ukraine revealed the existence of a number of problems. The Kyivstar company itself is actively engaged in economic activities and every year increases the number of its customers by positioning itself as a leading mobile operator with the best coverage throughout Ukraine. Keywords: competitiveness, market capacity, market concentration, market share, relative market share

Transcription factor/DNA interactions visualized by electron spectroscopic imaging

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 450-451
Author(s):  
David P. Bazett-Jones ◽  
Mark L. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Transcription Initiation ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Spectroscopic Imaging ◽  
Electron Spectroscopic Imaging ◽  
Dna Backbone ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
High Level

A multisubunit RNA polymerase enzyme is ultimately responsible for transcription initiation and elongation of RNA, but recognition of the proper start site by the enzyme is regulated by general, temporal and gene-specific trans-factors interacting at promoter and enhancer DNA sequences. To understand the molecular mechanisms which precisely regulate the transcription initiation event, it is crucial to elucidate the structure of the transcription factor/DNA complexes involved. Electron spectroscopic imaging (ESI) provides the opportunity to visualize individual DNA molecules. Enhancement of DNA contrast with ESI is accomplished by imaging with electrons that have interacted with inner shell electrons of phosphorus in the DNA backbone. Phosphorus detection at this intermediately high level of resolution (≈lnm) permits selective imaging of the DNA, to determine whether the protein factors compact, bend or wrap the DNA. Simultaneously, mass analysis and phosphorus content can be measured quantitatively, using adjacent DNA or tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) as mass and phosphorus standards. These two parameters provide stoichiometric information relating the ratios of protein:DNA content.

Advances in Stem Instrumentation for Biology

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 362-363
Author(s):  
J. S. Wall
Keyword(s):  
Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope ◽  
Carbon Films ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
Material Deposition ◽  
Active User ◽  
Percent Improvement ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Film Substrate ◽  
High Level

The forte of the Scanning transmission Electron Microscope (STEM) is high resolution imaging with high contrast on thin specimens, as demonstrated by visualization of single heavy atoms. of equal importance for biology is the efficient utilization of all available signals, permitting low dose imaging of unstained single molecules such as DNA.Our work at Brookhaven has concentrated on: 1) design and construction of instruments optimized for a narrow range of biological applications and 2) use of such instruments in a very active user/collaborator program. Therefore our program is highly interactive with a strong emphasis on producing results which are interpretable with a high level of confidence.The major challenge we face at the moment is specimen preparation. The resolution of the STEM is better than 2.5 A, but measurements of resolution vs. dose level off at a resolution of 20 A at a dose of 10 el/A2 on a well-behaved biological specimen such as TMV (tobacco mosaic virus). To track down this problem we are examining all aspects of specimen preparation: purification of biological material, deposition on the thin film substrate, washing, fast freezing and freeze drying. As we attempt to improve our equipment/technique, we use image analysis of TMV internal controls included in all STEM samples as a monitor sensitive enough to detect even a few percent improvement. For delicate specimens, carbon films can be very harsh-leading to disruption of the sample. Therefore we are developing conducting polymer films as alternative substrates, as described elsewhere in these Proceedings. For specimen preparation studies, we have identified (from our user/collaborator program ) a variety of “canary” specimens, each uniquely sensitive to one particular aspect of sample preparation, so we can attempt to separate the variables involved.

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