A Contrastive Evaluation of Functional Unification Grammar for Surface Language Generation: A Case Study in Choice of Connectives

1991 ◽  
pp. 351-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen R. McKeown ◽  
Michael Elhadad
Keyword(s):  
Language Generation ◽  
Unification Grammar

scholarly journals The recipes of Philosophy of Science: Characterizing the semantic structure of corpora by means of topic associative rules

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0242353
Author(s):  
Christophe Malaterre ◽  
Jean-François Chartier ◽  
Francis Lareau
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Science ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Topic Modeling ◽  
Semantic Content ◽  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Language Generation ◽  
Topological Features ◽  
Text Content ◽  
F Measure

Scientific articles have semantic contents that are usually quite specific to their disciplinary origins. To characterize such semantic contents, topic-modeling algorithms make it possible to identify topics that run throughout corpora. However, they remain limited when it comes to investigating the extent to which topics are jointly used together in specific documents and form particular associative patterns. Here, we propose to characterize such patterns through the identification of “topic associative rules” that describe how topics are associated within given sets of documents. As a case study, we use a corpus from a subfield of the humanities—the philosophy of science—consisting of the complete full-text content of one of its main journals: Philosophy of Science. On the basis of a pre-existing topic modeling, we develop a methodology with which we infer a set of 96 topic associative rules that characterize specific types of articles depending on how these articles combine topics in peculiar patterns. Such rules offer a finer-grained window onto the semantic content of the corpus and can be interpreted as “topical recipes” for distinct types of philosophy of science articles. Examining rule networks and rule predictive success for different article types, we find a positive correlation between topological features of rule networks (connectivity) and the reliability of rule predictions (as summarized by the F-measure). Topic associative rules thereby not only contribute to characterizing the semantic contents of corpora at a finer granularity than topic modeling, but may also help to classify documents or identify document types, for instance to improve natural language generation processes.

A Review on 3D Signing Avatars

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kabil Jaballah ◽  
Mohamed Jemni
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Deaf Education ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Language Generation ◽  
Deaf Parents ◽  
Linguistic Representations ◽  
Manual Signs ◽  
Signing Avatars ◽  
Telecommunications Companies

Signing avatars are becoming common thanks to their potential to improve deaf education. These 3D animated characters are able to perform manual and non-manual signs. As they tap the natural skills of deaf individuals and thanks to the advances in 3D humanoids modeling and animation technologies, 3D signing avatars are getting increasing interest. They are actually used for multiple purposes in multiple fields. Deaf parents, teacher, telecommunications’ companies and many other agencies are involving in this area for different reasons. In this paper, the authors report the state of the art in signing avatars research and development as well as the purposes for which 3D signing characters are being used. They discussed the methods and the technologies adopted to create 3D signed contents. A case study of five 3D Sign Language generation systems will be highlighted. The authors will consider their architectures, linguistic representations, the modeling and the animation techniques that have been undertaken. They conducted a study to compare the performance of the available systems regarding the understandability of the generated signed contents. By the end of the survey, the authors bring the lessons learned from this study.

scholarly journals Natural Language Generation at Scale: A Case Study for Open Domain Question Answering

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Cervone ◽  
Chandra Khatri ◽  
Rahul Goel ◽  
Behnam Hedayatnia ◽  
Anu Venkatesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language ◽  
Question Answering ◽  
Natural Language Generation ◽  
Open Domain ◽  
Language Generation

scholarly journals Measuring the Significance of Writing Style for Recommending Where to Publish – A Case Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-15
Author(s):  
Oscar Karnalim ◽  
Aulia Zahrina Qashri
Keyword(s):  
Software Engineering ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Writing Style ◽  
Specific Topic ◽  
Writing Quality ◽  
Publication Type ◽  
Language Generation ◽  
N Gram ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Writing style plays a role in publication venue recommendation. However, such finding should be observed further; it is concluded from an arbitrary dataset which contains various topics and writing quality. This paper aims to observe that style's impact in a more controlled environment. A dataset with the same specific topic and writing quality was used and analysed. In our case, the dataset is comprised of papers published on reputable software engineering publication venues with natural language generation as the specific topic. According to our observation, writing style only affects significantly on paper title wherein the impact is proportional to n in n-gram. Moreover, the style’s impact becomes more salient when the venues are grouped per publisher or only a specific publication type is considered.

scholarly journals Hierarchical Attention Networks for Sentence Ordering

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 7184-7191
Author(s):  
Tianming Wang ◽  
Xiaojun Wan
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Natural Language Generation ◽  
Attention Network ◽  
Attention Networks ◽  
Language Generation ◽  
Visualization Analysis ◽  
Discourse Coherence ◽  
Model Visualization

Modeling discourse coherence is an important problem in natural language generation and understanding. Sentence ordering, the goal of which is to organize a set of sentences into a coherent text, is a commonly used task to learn and evaluate the model. In this paper, we propose a novel hierarchical attention network that captures word clues and dependencies between sentences to address this problem. Our model outperforms prior methods and achieves state-of-the-art performance on several datasets in different domains. Furthermore, our experiments demonstrate that the model performs very well even though adding noisy sentences into the set, which shows the robustness and effectiveness of the model. Visualization analysis and case study show that our model captures the structure and pattern of coherent texts not only by simple word clues but also by consecution in context.

The Genesis and Internal Dynamics of El Salvador's People's Revolutionary Army, 1970–1976

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (01) ◽  
pp. 102-129
Author(s):  
ALBERTO MARTÍN ÁLVAREZ ◽  
EUDALD CORTINA ORERO
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Internal Dynamics ◽  
Internal Coherence ◽  
The 1960S

AbstractUsing interviews with former militants and previously unpublished documents, this article traces the genesis and internal dynamics of the Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo (People's Revolutionary Army, ERP) in El Salvador during the early years of its existence (1970–6). This period was marked by the inability of the ERP to maintain internal coherence or any consensus on revolutionary strategy, which led to a series of splits and internal fights over control of the organisation. The evidence marshalled in this case study sheds new light on the origins of the armed Salvadorean Left and thus contributes to a wider understanding of the processes of formation and internal dynamics of armed left-wing groups that emerged from the 1960s onwards in Latin America.

Culture and the plasticity of perception

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Lifshitz ◽  
T. M. Luhrmann
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Sensory Experience ◽  
Cultural Learning ◽  
The World

Abstract Culture shapes our basic sensory experience of the world. This is particularly striking in the study of religion and psychosis, where we and others have shown that cultural context determines both the structure and content of hallucination-like events. The cultural shaping of hallucinations may provide a rich case-study for linking cultural learning with emerging prediction-based models of perception.

Dual systems for all: Higher-order, role-based relational reasoning as a uniquely derived feature of human cognition

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Povinelli ◽  
Gabrielle C. Glorioso ◽  
Shannon L. Kuznar ◽  
Mateja Pavlic
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Reasoning ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Important Case ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Relational Reasoning ◽  
Dual Systems ◽  
First Order ◽  
Reasoning System ◽  
Role Based

Abstract Hoerl and McCormack demonstrate that although animals possess a sophisticated temporal updating system, there is no evidence that they also possess a temporal reasoning system. This important case study is directly related to the broader claim that although animals are manifestly capable of first-order (perceptually-based) relational reasoning, they lack the capacity for higher-order, role-based relational reasoning. We argue this distinction applies to all domains of cognition.

Sociocultural memory development research drives new directions in gadgetry science

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penny Van Bergen ◽  
John Sutton
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Autobiographical Memory ◽  
Developmental Psychology ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Memory Development ◽  
Development Research ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Cross Cultural Research

Abstract Sociocultural developmental psychology can drive new directions in gadgetry science. We use autobiographical memory, a compound capacity incorporating episodic memory, as a case study. Autobiographical memory emerges late in development, supported by interactions with parents. Intervention research highlights the causal influence of these interactions, whereas cross-cultural research demonstrates culturally determined diversity. Different patterns of inheritance are discussed.

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