Modeling of Energy Expenditure and Resting Metabolic Rate during Weight Loss in Humans

1998 ◽  
pp. 293-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet A. Novotny ◽  
William V. Rumpler
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate

Energy expenditure in non-insulin dependent diabetic subjects on metformin or sulphonylurea therapy

1987 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Leslie ◽  
R. T. Jung ◽  
T. E. Isles ◽  
J. Baty
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Confidence Limits ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Insulin Dependent ◽  
Predicted Values ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetic

1. In the management of the non-insulin dependent diabetic patient, metformin often facilitates weight loss whereas sulphonylurea may predispose to weight gain. To investigate whether this is due to alterations in energy expenditure we have studied energy expenditure in seven non-insulin dependent diabetic subjects while on metformin or sulphonylurea therapy. 2. Three components of energy expenditure were measured by indirect calorimetry, namely resting metabolic rate and the thermic responses to infused noradrenaline and to a mixed constituent meal. 3. There was no significant difference in the resting metabolic rate on metformin (5.29 ± 0.41 kJ/min; mean ± se) compared with sulphonylurea (5.34 ± 0.34 kJ/min). The resting metabolic rate was also similar to predicted values for non-diabetic subjects (r = 0.96). 4. The thermic response to infused noradrenaline was similar on metformin (23.14 ± 1.87 kJ) and sulphonylurea (21.40 ± 2.98 kJ). 5. There was no significant difference in the thermic response to the meal on sulphonylurea (75.8 ± 7.5 kJ) or on metformin (86.8 ± 10.8 kJ; 95% confidence limits − 17 to + 39 kJ). 6. We conclude that in non-insulin dependent diabetic subjects metformin does not enhance energy expenditure overall, compared with sulphonylurea.

scholarly journals Metabolic Adaptations to Weight Loss: Relative Changes in Resting Metabolic Rate and Energy Expenditure for Physical Activity and Association With Weight Loss Maintenance

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 526-526
Author(s):  
Rachel Silver ◽  
Sai Das ◽  
Michael Lowe ◽  
Susan Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Weight Regain ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Objectives There is persistent controversy over the extent to which different components of energy expenditure disproportionately decrease after weight loss and contribute to weight regain through decreased energy requirements. We conducted a secondary analysis of the CALERIE I study to test the hypothesis that decreased resting metabolic rate (RMR) and energy expenditure for physical activity (EEPA) after a 6-month calorie restriction intervention would predict weight regain at 12 months, with a greater decrease in RMR than EEPA. Methods Participants (n = 46) received all food and energy-containing beverages for 6 months. Outcome measures included total energy expenditure by doubly labeled water, RMR by indirect calorimetry, and body composition by BOD POD. Predictions for RMR and EEPA were derived from baseline linear regression models including age, sex, fat mass, and fat free mass. Baseline regression coefficients were used to calculate the predicted RMR and EEPA at 6 months. Residuals were calculated as the difference between measured and predicted values and were adjusted for body weight. The presence of metabolic adaptation was evaluated by a paired t-test comparing measured and predicted RMR at 6 months. Differences between 6-month RMR and EEPA residuals were evaluated by the same method. Linear regression was used to assess the association between 6-month residuals and weight loss maintenance (% weight change, 6 to 12 months). Results Mean weight loss was 6.9% at 6 months with 2.1% regain from 6 to 12 months. No adaptation in RMR was observed at 6 months (mean residual: 19 kcal; 95% confidence interval: −9, 48; P = 0.18). However, significant adaptation was observed in EEPA (mean residual: −199 kcal; −126, −272; P < 0.0001). In addition, the mean 6-month RMR residual was significantly greater than the mean 6-month EEPA residual (218 kcal; 133, 304; P < 0.0001). There was no significant association between 6-month RMR or EEPA residuals and weight regain at 12 months (P = 0.56, 0.34). Conclusions There was no measurable decrease in RMR with weight loss after adjusting for changes in fat free mass and fat mass, but there was a decrease in EEPA. Changes in RMR and EEPA with weight loss over 6 months did not predict weight regain at 12 months. Funding Sources Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging Doctoral Scholarship; USDA agreement #8050–51000-105–01S

Metabolic rate after massive weight loss in human obesity

1986 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Finer ◽  
Philip C. Swan ◽  
Fred T. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Massive Weight Loss ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Human Obesity ◽  
Obese Subjects

1. Resting metabolic rate, measured by the ventilated hood technique in 11 obese subjects before weight loss was 6.5 ± 0.3 kJ/min, not significantly different from the value predicted by regression equations relating metabolic rate to body weight (established from measurements in 106 subjects). 2. After 34.5 kg mean weight loss, and during continued dieting, resting metabolic rate fell an average of 25% to 5.0 ± 0.18 kJ/min, significantly below that predicted for the new slimmed weight. 3. The fall in metabolic rate, over and above that expected from weight loss alone, suggests that the slimmed obese are hypometabolic compared with subjects of the same weight who have not lost weight. 4. The failure of the slimmed obese to maintain their weight loss is unlikely to be due solely to this excessive fall in resting metabolic rate, since they still had quantitatively higher energy expenditure than lean subjects.

scholarly journals 2536

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (S1) ◽  
pp. 11-11
Author(s):  
David M. Presby ◽  
Rebecca M. Foright ◽  
Julie A. Houck ◽  
Ginger C. Johnson ◽  
L. Allyson Checkley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Weight Regain ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Weight Loss Maintenance ◽  
Oxidative Capacity ◽  
Total Energy Expenditure

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Obesity is a rapidly growing epidemic and long-term interventions aimed to reduce body weight are largely unsuccessful due to an increased drive to eat and a reduced metabolic rate established during weight loss. Previously, our lab demonstrated that exercise has beneficial effects on weight loss maintenance by increasing total energy expenditure above and beyond the cost of an exercise bout and reducing the drive to eat when allowed to eat ad libitum (relapse). We hypothesized that exercise’s ability to counter these obesogenic-impetuses are mediated via improvements in skeletal muscle oxidative capacity, and tested this using a mouse model with augmented oxidative capacity in skeletal muscle. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We recapitulated the exercise-induced improvements in oxidative capacity using FVB mice that overexpress lipoprotein lipase in skeletal muscle (mLPL). mLPL and wild type (WT) mice were put through a weight-loss-weight-regain paradigm consisting of a high fat diet challenge for 13 weeks, with a subsequent 1-week calorie-restricted medium fat diet to induce a ~15% weight loss. This newly established weight was maintained for 2 weeks and followed with a 24-hour relapse. Metabolic phenotype was characterized by indirect calorimetry during each phase. At the conclusion of the relapse day, mice were sacrificed and tissues were harvested for molecular analysis. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: During weight loss maintenance, mLPL mice had a higher metabolic rate (p=0.0256) that was predominantly evident in the dark cycle (p=0.0015). Furthermore, this increased metabolic rate was not due to differences in activity (p=0.2877) or resting metabolic rate (p=0.4881). During relapse, mLPL mice ingested less calories and were protected from rapid weight regain (p=0.0235), despite WT mice exhibiting higher metabolic rates during the light cycle (p=0.0421). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: These results highlight the importance of muscular oxidative capacity in preventing a depression in total energy expenditure during weight loss maintenance, and in curbing overfeeding and weight regain during a relapse. Moreover, our data suggest that the thermic effect of food is responsible for the differences in metabolic rate, because no differences were found in activity or resting metabolic rate. Additional studies are warranted to determine the molecular mechanisms driving the ability of oxidative capacity to assist with weight loss maintenance.

Determination of total energy expenditure, resting metabolic rate and physical activity in lean and overweight people

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 310-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Thielecke ◽  
J. Möseneder ◽  
A. Kroke ◽  
K. Klipstein-Grobusch ◽  
H. Boeing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Total Energy Expenditure ◽  
Overweight People

Energy Expenditure of Level Overground Walking in Young Adults: Comparison With Prediction Equations

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jingjing Xue ◽  
Shuo Li ◽  
Rou Wen ◽  
Ping Hong
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Prediction Equations ◽  
Overground Walking ◽  
All Speeds ◽  
Walking Energy Cost

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the accuracy of the published prediction equations for determining level overground walking energy cost in young adults. Methods: In total, 148 healthy young adults volunteered to participate in this study. Resting metabolic rate and energy expenditure variables at speeds of 4, 5, and 6 km/h were measured by indirect calorimetry, walking energy expenditure was estimated by 3 published equations. Results: The gross and net metabolic rate per mile of level overground walking increased with increased speed (all P < .01). Females were less economical than males. The present findings revealed that the American College of Sports Medicine and Pandolf et al equations significantly underestimated the energy cost of overground walking at all speeds (all P < .01) in young adults. The percentage mean bias for American College of Sports Medicine, Pandolf et al, and Weyand et al was 12.4%, 16.8%, 1.4% (4 km/h); 21.6%, 15.8%, 7.1% (5 km/h); and 27.6%, 12%, 6.6% (6 km/h). Bland–Altman plots and prediction error analysis showed that the Weyand et al was the most accurate in 3 existing equations. Conclusions: The Weyand et al equation appears to be the most suitable for the prediction of overground walking energy expenditure in young adults.

scholarly journals Dietary Intake and Energy Expenditure in Breast Cancer Survivors: A Review

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3394
Author(s):  
Sarah A. Purcell ◽  
Ryan J. Marker ◽  
Marc-Andre Cornier ◽  
Edward L. Melanson
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Breast Cancer Survivors ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Fat Free Mass

Many breast cancer survivors (BCS) gain fat mass and lose fat-free mass during treatment (chemotherapy, radiation, surgery) and estrogen suppression therapy, which increases the risk of developing comorbidities. Whether these body composition alterations are a result of changes in dietary intake, energy expenditure, or both is unclear. Thus, we reviewed studies that have measured components of energy balance in BCS who have completed treatment. Longitudinal studies suggest that BCS reduce self-reported energy intake and increase fruit and vegetable consumption. Although some evidence suggests that resting metabolic rate is higher in BCS than in age-matched controls, no study has measured total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) in this population. Whether physical activity levels are altered in BCS is unclear, but evidence suggests that light-intensity physical activity is lower in BCS compared to age-matched controls. We also discuss the mechanisms through which estrogen suppression may impact energy balance and develop a theoretical framework of dietary intake and TDEE interactions in BCS. Preclinical and human experimental studies indicate that estrogen suppression likely elicits increased energy intake and decreased TDEE, although this has not been systematically investigated in BCS specifically. Estrogen suppression may modulate energy balance via alterations in appetite, fat-free mass, resting metabolic rate, and physical activity. There are several potential areas for future mechanistic energetic research in BCS (e.g., characterizing predictors of intervention response, appetite, dynamic changes in energy balance, and differences in cancer sub-types) that would ultimately support the development of more targeted and personalized behavioral interventions.

Resting metabolic rate and daily energy expenditure among two indigenous Siberian populations

1994 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 719-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
PT Katzmarzyk ◽  
WR Leonard ◽  
MH Crawford ◽  
RI Sukernik
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Daily Energy Expenditure ◽  
Daily Energy
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