Use of Biguanides to Improve Response to Chemotherapy

2014 ◽  
pp. 3-9
Author(s):  
Vlad C. Sandulache ◽  
Liangpeng Yang ◽  
Heath D. Skinner
Keyword(s):  
Response To Chemotherapy

Immunogold labeling of Pneumocystis carinii for Electron microscopy

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 270-271
Author(s):  
Michael P. Goheen ◽  
Marilyn S. Bartlett ◽  
James W. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Pneumocystis Carinii ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
Culture Fluid ◽  
Immunogold Labeling ◽  
Antigenic Sites ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Response To Chemotherapy ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Studies of the biology of Pneumocystis carinii (PC) are of increasing importance because this extracellular pathogen is a frequent source of severe pneumonia in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and is a leading cause of mortality in these patients. Immunoelectron microscopic localization of antigenic sites on the surface of PC would improve the understanding of these sites and their role in pathenogenisis of the disease and response to chemotherapy. The purpose of this study was to develop a methodology for visualizing immunoreactive sites on PC with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) using immunogold labeled probes.Trophozoites of PC were added to spinner flask cultures and allowed to grow for 7 days, then aliquots of tissue culture fluid were centrifuged at 12,000 RPM for 30 sec. Pellets of organisims were fixed in either 1% glutaraldehyde, 0.1% glutaraldehyde-4% paraformaldehyde, or 4% paraformaldehyde for 4h. All fixatives were buffered with 0.1M Na cacodylate and the pH adjusted to 7.1. After fixation the pellets were rinsed in 0.1M Na cacodylate (3X), dehydrated with ethanol, and immersed in a 1:1 mixture of 95% ethanol and LR White resin.

Imaging of soft tissue tumors

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinji Tsukamoto ◽  
Andreas F. Mavrogenis ◽  
Yasuhito Tanaka ◽  
Costantino Errani
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Tumor Size ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Soft Tissue Tumors ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Benign Soft Tissue Tumors ◽  
Response To Chemotherapy

: Differentiation of malignant from benign soft tissue tumors is challenging with imaging alone, including that by magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography. However, the accuracy of this differentiation has increased owing to the development of novel imaging technology. Detailed patient history and physical examination remain essential for differentiation between benign and malignant soft tissue tumors. Moreover, measurement only of tumor size based on Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors criteria is insufficient for the evaluation of response to chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Change in metabolic activity measured by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography or dynamic contrast enhanced-derived quantitative endpoints can more accurately evaluate treatment response compared to change in tumor size. Magnetic resonance imaging can accurately evaluate essential factors in surgical planning such as vascular or bone invasion and “tail sign”. Thus, imaging plays a critical role in the diagnosis and treatment of soft tissue tumors.

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