Localization of rDNA at Nucleolar Structural Components by Immunoelectron Microscopy

2010 ◽  
pp. 287-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seiichi Sato ◽  
Yasushi Sato
Keyword(s):  
Immunoelectron Microscopy ◽  
Structural Components

scholarly journals Modern Uses of Electron Microscopy for Detection of Viruses

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 552-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia S. Goldsmith ◽  
Sara E. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Immunoelectron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Tomography ◽  
Emerging Diseases ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Cryo Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cellular Machinery ◽  
Diagnostic Setting

SUMMARY Electron microscopy, considered by some to be an old technique, is still on the forefront of both clinical viral diagnoses and viral ultrastructure and pathogenesis studies. In the diagnostic setting, it is particularly valuable in the surveillance of emerging diseases and potential bioterrorism viruses. In the research arena, modalities such as immunoelectron microscopy, cryo-electron microscopy, and electron tomography have demonstrated how viral structural components fit together, attach to cells, assimilate during replication, and associate with the cellular machinery during replication and egression. These studies provide information for treatment and vaccine strategies.

Human cytomegalovims structural components: intracellular and intraviral localization of p28 and p65–69 by immunoelectron microscopy

1987 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.P. Landini ◽  
B. Severi ◽  
G. Furlini ◽  
L. Badiali De Giorgi
Keyword(s):  
Immunoelectron Microscopy ◽  
Structural Components

Ultrastructural investigation of spontaneous pituitary gonadotroph cell adenomas in aging Sprague-Dawley rats

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 702-703
Author(s):  
D. J. McComb ◽  
J. Beri ◽  
F. Zak ◽  
K. Kovacs
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Immunoelectron Microscopy ◽  
Tumor Type ◽  
Gonadal Function ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Reticulin Fibers ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Gonadotroph cell adenomas of the pituitary are infrequent in human patients and are not invariably associated with altered gonadal function. To date, no animal model of this tumor type exists. Herein, we describe spontaneous gonadotroph cell adenomas in old male and female Sprague-Dawley rats by histology, immunocytology and electron microscopy.The material consisted of the pituitaries of 27 male and 38 female Sprague Dawley rats, all 26 months of age or older, removed at routine autopsy. Sections of formal in-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue were stained with hematoxylin-phloxine-saffron (HPS), the PAS method and the Gordon-Sweet technique for the demonstration of reticulin fibers. For immunostaining, sections were exposed to anti-rat β-LH, anti-ratβ-TSH, anti-rat PRL, anti-rat GH and anti-rat ACTH 1-39. For electron microscopy, tissue was fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde, postfixed in 1% OsO4 and embedded in epoxy-resin. Tissue fixed in 10% formalin, embedded in epoxy resin without osmification, was used for immunoelectron microscopy.

Solid-phase immunoelectron microscopy for rapid diagnosis of enteroviruses

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 226-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Pegg-Feige ◽  
F. W. Doane
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Culture ◽  
Immunoelectron Microscopy ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Virus Diagnosis ◽  
Antiviral Antibody

Immunoelectron microscopy (IEM) applied to rapid virus diagnosis offers a more sensitive detection method than direct electron microscopy (DEM), and can also be used to serotype viruses. One of several IEM techniques is that introduced by Derrick in 1972, in which antiviral antibody is attached to the support film of an EM specimen grid. Originally developed for plant viruses, it has recently been applied to several animal viruses, especially rotaviruses. We have investigated the use of this solid phase IEM technique (SPIEM) in detecting and identifying enteroviruses (in the form of crude cell culture isolates), and have compared it with a modified “SPIEM-SPA” method in which grids are coated with protein A from Staphylococcus aureus prior to exposure to antiserum.

Detection of Viral Antigens in Mouse and Rat Tumor Cells by Immunoelectron Microscopy Following Periodate-Lysine-Paraformaldehyde (PLP) Fixation

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 252-253
Author(s):  
Y. Ohtsuki ◽  
G. Seman ◽  
J. M. Bowen ◽  
M. Scanlon ◽  
L. Dmochowski
Keyword(s):  
Immunoelectron Microscopy ◽  
Mammary Tumor ◽  
Type A ◽  
Rabbit Serum ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
Viral Antigens ◽  
Culture Cells ◽  
Mouse Mammary Tumor ◽  
Tumor Virus ◽  
Immunoperoxidase Labeling

Recently, periodate-lysine-paraformaldehyde (PLP) fixation was reported for immunoelectron microscopy (1). In PLP fixation, carbohydrates are oxidized by periodate and cross-linked by lysine; paraformaldehyde stabilizes proteins and lipids. By using PLP fixation, intracytoplasmic type A viral antigens have been previously demonstrated by immunoperoxidase labeling (2). In the present study, PLP fixation has been applied for the detection of the same antigens in mouse mammary tumor culture cells by both immunoferritin and immunoperoxidase methods. Rabbit anti-intracytoplasmic type A virus serum (anti-A), kindly provided by Dr. M. Muller (3), rabbit anti-strain A mouse mammary tumor virus (anti-MMTV) and preimmune rabbit serum as control were used to detect viral antigens in cells of C3H/HeJ strain mouse mammary tumor culture. Attempts have been also made to demonstrate peroxidase labeling of type C virus particles in frozen sections of an SD-MSV-induced NZB rat bone tumor tissue by rabbit anti-MuLV serum.

Identification of maize mosaic virus by immunoelectron microscopy

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 240-241
Author(s):  
O. E. Bradfute
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Immunoelectron Microscopy ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Maize Mosaic Virus ◽  
The World ◽  
Plant Rhabdovirus

Maize mosaic virus (MMV) causes a severe disease of Zea mays in many tropical and subtropical regions of the world, including the southern U.S. (1-3). Fig. 1 shows internal cross striations of helical nucleoprotein and bounding membrane with surface projections typical of many plant rhabdovirus particles including MMV (3). Immunoelectron microscopy (IEM) was investigated as a method for identifying MMV. Antiserum to MMV was supplied by Ramon Lastra (Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Cientificas, Caracas, Venezuela).

Banded aggregates containing fibrillin are present in the cartilage matrix adjacent to chondrocytes in individuals affected with scoliosis

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 892-893
Author(s):  
Douglas R. Keene ◽  
Magaret Fairhurst ◽  
Catherine C. Ridgway ◽  
Lynn Y. Sakai
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Marfan Syndrome ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Immunoelectron Microscopy ◽  
Cartilage Matrix ◽  
Negative Stain ◽  
Gene Coding ◽  
Rotary Shadowing

Matrix microfibrils are present in the connective tissue matrices of all tissues. Following standard TEM processing, they appear in cross section as cylindrical fibrils 8-10 nm in diameter, often associated with amorphous elastin. They are also seen in the absence of amorphous elastin, for example in the shallow papillary layer of skin, and also in cartilage matrix (Figure 1). Negative stain and rotary shadowing studies suggest that microfibrils are composed of laterally associated globular structures connected by fine filamentous strands (“ beaded strings”), and that they are extendable. Immunoelectron microscopy has demonstrated that fibrillin, a 350 Kd glycoprotein, is distributed along all microfibrils with a relaxed periodicity of about 54 nm The gene coding for fibrillin has recently been identified and is defective in the Marfan syndrome.

Electron probe x-ray microanalysis and electron microscopy of amino acid absorption and transport by the small intestine: inhibition by chemical poisons and correlation to the elemental composition of the epithelial cells

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 134-135
Author(s):  
A. J. Tousimis
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Isotope Labeling ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Human Small Intestine ◽  
Transport Studies

The elemental composition of amino acids is similar to that of the major structural components of the epithelial cells of the small intestine and other tissues. Therefore, their subcellular localization and concentration measurements are not possible by x-ray microanalysis. Radioactive isotope labeling: I131-tyrosine, Se75-methionine and S35-methionine have been successfully employed in numerous absorption and transport studies. The latter two have been utilized both in vitro and vivo, with similar results in the hamster and human small intestine. Non-radioactive Selenomethionine, since its absorption/transport behavior is assumed to be the same as that of Se75- methionine and S75-methionine could serve as a compound tracer for this amino acid.

Immunocytochemical studies on the behavior of RuBisCO and LHCP II during the cell cycle of synchronized Euglena gracilis

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 662-663
Author(s):  
Tetsuaki Osafune ◽  
Shuji Sumida ◽  
Tomoko Ehara ◽  
Eiji Hase ◽  
Jerome A. Schiff
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Immunoelectron Microscopy ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Euglena Gracilis ◽  
Dark Period ◽  
Light Period ◽  
Carboxylase Activity ◽  
Immunocytochemical Studies ◽  
Lhcp Ii

Changes in the morphology of pyrenoid and the distribution of RuBisCO in the chloroplast of Euglena gracilis were followed by immunoelectron microscopy during the cell cycle in a light (14 h)- dark (10 h) synchronized culture under photoautotrophic conditions. The imrnunoreactive proteins wereconcentrated in the pyrenoid, and less densely distributed in the stroma during the light period (growth phase, Fig. 1-2), but the pyrenoid disappeared during the dark period (division phase), and RuBisCO was dispersed throughout the stroma. Toward the end of the division phase, the pyrenoid began to form in the center of the stroma, and RuBisCO is again concentrated in that pyrenoid region. From a comparison of photosynthetic CO2-fixation with the total carboxylase activity of RuBisCO extracted from Euglena cells in the growth phase, it is suggested that the carboxylase in the pyrenoid functions in CO2-fixation in photosynthesis.

Freeze-fracture cytochemistry: A goal set by Russell Steere in 1957

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 60-61
Author(s):  
Nicholas J Severs
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Nature ◽  
Biological Systems ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Major Goal ◽  
Membrane Biology ◽  
Routine Application ◽  
The Future ◽  
Freeze Etching

In his pioneering demonstration of the potential of freeze-etching in biological systems, Russell Steere assessed the future promise and limitations of the technique with remarkable foresight. Item 2 in his list of inherent difficulties as they then stood stated “The chemical nature of the objects seen in the replica cannot be determined”. This defined a major goal for practitioners of freeze-fracture which, for more than a decade, seemed unattainable. It was not until the introduction of the label-fracture-etch technique in the early 1970s that the mould was broken, and not until the following decade that the full scope of modern freeze-fracture cytochemistry took shape. The culmination of these developments in the 1990s now equips the researcher with a set of effective techniques for routine application in cell and membrane biology.Freeze-fracture cytochemical techniques are all designed to provide information on the chemical nature of structural components revealed by freeze-fracture, but differ in how this is achieved, in precisely what type of information is obtained, and in which types of specimen can be studied.

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