The Status of Development, Aid, Trade, and Investment in the Global South

2019 ◽  
pp. 137-150
Author(s):  
Justin van der Merwe ◽  
Nicole Dodd
Keyword(s):  
Global South ◽  
Development Aid ◽  
The Status ◽  
Trade And Investment

scholarly journals Women, Men and Gender Equality in Development Aid – Trajectories, Contestations

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Signe Arnfred
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
War On Terror ◽  
Global South ◽  
Development Aid ◽  
Global War On Terror ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Development Agents ◽  
Popular Images ◽  
Global War

Women, men and gender equality in development aid - trajectories, contestations. The Beijing Platform for Action introduced notions of gender equality, which have been picked up by donors and development agents in increasingly popular images of strong enterprising women, however with an emphasis on economic entrepreneurship, disregarding aspects of care- and motherwork. At the same time ‘colonial feminism' is still around, with its notions of women in the global South as oppressed under ‘tradition' but rescued by development and ‘modernity'. Such images have been re-invigorated in the global War on Terror, from 2001 onwards. The article investigates implications of these different but co-existing images of women in development contexts. It also discusses limitations of notions of gender equality, when used by donors and by women's organizations, and when discussed and critizised by post-colonial feminists.

scholarly journals Agency and Deliberative Communication in the Classroom

SAGE Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 215824402090207
Author(s):  
Leyla Tavernaro-Haidarian
Keyword(s):  
Global South ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Lecture Hall ◽  
Relational Models ◽  
Educational Processes ◽  
The Status ◽  
Contextual Reality

Among many challenges in the space of education in the global South, we find that curricula are often out of touch with the contextual reality of students and that classroom or lecture-hall sizes are too big to engage a critical majority. Therefore, reimagining educational processes, or aspects thereof, becomes imperative. This article proposes that cultivating relational models of communication in the classroom is particularly useful in empowering students to connect with, participate, and actively co-shape the content and process of curricula and that it does so by casting agency as the freedom to work “with” rather than “against” or independently of the status quo. It also captures and reflects on the experience of a group of students and facilitators who employed such an approach in their classroom.

scholarly journals Latin American Thinking in International Relations Reloaded

OASIS ◽  
2016 ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florent Frasson-Quenoz
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Latin American ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global South ◽  
American School ◽  
Terra Incognita ◽  
The Status ◽  
Simple Question ◽  
The Subject

In the midst of uncertainty –generated by the narratives of the decline of the United States– academics are looking for answers and cerebral stimulus in the heart of the academic Terra Incognita that is the “Global South”. Building on this interpretation, I formulate a simple question: Does a Latin American school of thought exist in International Relations? In order to respond to this question I will propose a model that will allow for an assessment of the existence of a Latin American school of thought in International Relations. Additionally, this model will enable me to distance myself from the air du temps; that is, to celebrate the existence of a school of thought before even being certain that it actually exists. For sure, the assessment done here will only stand as a first attempt, and is in no way exhaustive. Nonetheless, it will allow me, firstly, to demonstrate that the eagerness to promote any kind of academic proposal to the status of “school” is detrimental to the central goal of generating knowledge and, second, to stimulate others to think about the subject along the same lines.

Building Energy Codes: Reviewing the Status of Implementation Strategies in the Global South

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-53
Author(s):  
Tariene Gaum ◽  
Jacques Laubscher
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Global South ◽  
Public Understanding ◽  
The Status ◽  
Energy Codes ◽  
Building Energy Codes

The public understanding of climate change, methods, mitigation, adaptation and the reason behind it have been investigated in developed countries. The current knowledge levels in the Global South remains limited, this while countries forming part of the Global South are more vulnerable to resultant effects of global warming. This requires the urgent attention by both citizens, who lack relevant information as well as decision makers lacking environmental literacy to establish long-term sustainable strategies. With just 9 years left, the probability of achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), is unlikely and will require the complete redevelopment of the building sector. Focusing on the built environment, this paper uses contemporary definitions of the Global South to establish the contribution, significance and lack of energy efficiency mechanisms in the face of climate change. A combination of literature, desk research and data gathering from various sources are employed to establish the contribution of the Global South built environment to climate change. Using Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) emissions, 2050 urban population figures and distinctive climatic regions as basis, this study selected the largest role players to establish the status, extent and efficacy of building energy codes. The review point towards a built environment lacking the necessary building energy codes, with approximately 47% of selected Global South countries not implementing any form of building energy efficiency regulations or related policies. As part of the recommendations, Global South countries lacking the necessary regulations are encouraged to revise, update or adopt possible best practice standards from relevant countries that implement mandatory building energy codes. This study aims to address the gap in knowledge, establish a way forward and facilitate a larger implementation of building energy codes and strategies in the Global South

Russia – Mongolia – China: Historical and Contemporary Transformations

2021 ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
Sergey G. Luzyanin
Keyword(s):  
Weak Link ◽  
Strategic Partnership ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Bilateral Relations ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
Complete Form ◽  
Migration Flows ◽  
Strategic Foundation ◽  
Trade And Investment

The history of the expansion of “Russian Asia” in the 17th – 19th centuries is associated with the formation of a transboundary space that has absorbed migration flows and energy of Russian (Orthodox), Mongolian (Buddhist-nomadic) and Chinese (Taoist-Confucian) civilizations. The Russians were mentally and politically perceived by the Mongol elite as saviors. In the 19th– early 20th centuries Mongolia, turned into the Mongolian People’s Republic, which was under the formal suzerainty of China. International legal “inconsistencies” in the status of the MPR were eliminated by the decisions of the Yalta Conference of the Allies (February 1945), the Mongolian referendum followed by the recognition of its results by Chiang Kai-shek in 1946. The triangle “USSR – MPR – China” acquired a complete form with full international legal registration. The post-Soviet outlines were largely determined by the signing in 1993 of the Russian-Mongolian and in 1994 the Mongolian-Chinese Treaties of Friendship and Cooperation, the emergence of a “third neighbor”, the strengthening of China on trade and investment platforms. The signing in 2019 of the Russian-Mongolian Treaty on Friendly Relations and Comprehensive Strategic Partnership has politically strengthened the Russian-Mongolian vector, strengthening the overall strategic foundation of the triangle. The Mongolian sector, in terms of increasing China’s economic share and its influence in general, remains the “weak link” of the tripartite structure. The article analyzes the historical and modern realities of the interactions of the three states, the Russian and Chinese components, their political, financial and economic dimensions, the strengths and weaknesses of bilateral relations in the triangle.

Constitutional Innovation in Governing the Metropolis

City, State ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 103-150
Author(s):  
Ran Hirschl
Keyword(s):  
Mexico City ◽  
New World ◽  
Strategic Behavior ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Global South ◽  
Incentive Structures ◽  
National Economic ◽  
The Status ◽  
New Ideas

This chapter contrasts the status of metropolises in “old world” constitutional orders with their status in “new world” constitutional orders. It focuses largely on the Global South—where new ideas about the constitutional governance of the metropolis are more likely to emerge. From Asia to Latin America and parts of Africa, innovative, sometimes radical, constitutional measures have been introduced, some with more success than others, to address the metropolis issue. The chapter explores several examples of countries in Asia (Japan, South Korea, and China) in which central governments’ constitutional support of megacities reflects astute, long-term planning for regional or national economic growth. It further shows how South Africa’s constitutionalization of city power as part of its 1996 constitutional transformation is arguably the most effective of these attempts to date. In other Global South settings—notably India and Brazil—constitutional experimentation with city emancipation has succumbed to deeply engrained intergovernmental hierarchies. And in yet other settings strategic behavior and colliding incentive structures have driven attempts to either strengthen (e.g., Mexico City, Buenos Aires) or weaken (e.g., Nairobi) megacities.

scholarly journals World Trade and Investment Law in a Time of Crisis: Distribution, Development and Social Protection

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Trubek ◽  
Alvaro Santos ◽  
Chantal Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Growth Strategies ◽  
Global Institutions ◽  
The Status ◽  
Investment Law ◽  
Global Economic Growth ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Trade And Investment

Anthem Press, 2019, ForthcomingWorld trade and investment law is in crisis: new and progressive ideas are needed. Rules that facilitated globalization and supported global economic growth are being challenged. A system of global governance that once seemed secure is now at risk as the US ignores the rules while developing countries struggle to escape restrictions. Some want to tear global institutions and agreements down while others try desperately to maintain the status quo. Rejecting both options, we convened a group of trade and investment law experts from 10 countries South and North who have proposed ideas for a new world trade and investment law that would maintain global growth while distributing costs and benefits more fairly. This essay frames the issues and introduces the volume. We look at the impact of trade and investment law on the global distribution of resources, and pay special attention to those who have suffered from trade dislocation and to restrictions that have hampered innovative growth strategies in developing countries. This perspective shapes a progressive trade and investment law agenda that is outlined in the book and summarized here. We suggest new ways to link trade with protection for labor; measures to ensure that gains from trade are used to offset losses; new rules that can protect foreign investments without hamstringing developing governments or harming local communities; innovative procedures to allow developing countries freedom to try innovative growth strategies; and methods to cope with new products like cannabis.

scholarly journals The green revolution as a process of global circulation: plants, people and practices

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 7-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Harwood ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Green Revolution ◽  
Global South ◽  
Development Aid ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Global Circulation ◽  
The North ◽  
Crop Varieties ◽  
Global North ◽  
High Yielding Varieties ◽  
The Needy

The “Green Revolution” (GR) is often portrayed as a humanitarian development programme in which crop varieties, cultivation practices and expertise were transferred essentially from global North to South. In this paper, however, I argue that this picture is seriously misleading for two reasons. First, it overlooks the significance of circulation between these regions. Several of the innovations central to the GR’s high-yielding varieties of wheat and rice, for example, originated in the global South before being taken up by northern breeders, while important practices and experts were transferred between countries within the global South. Moreover some of the approaches to increasing smallholder productivity which emerged from the 1970s can be traced to encounters between northern experts and southern farmers dating from the colonial period. In view of these patterns of circulation, the GR is more accurately depicted as a collective undertaking than as a “heroic” achievement of the North. Second, the tendency to represent the GR –and development aid more generally– as a “gift” from the benevolent North to the needy South ignores the very substantial economic gains which have accrued to northern agriculture and industry by virtue of GR research nominally intended to benefit the South.

Naturalisation policies beyond a Western focus

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Schwarz
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Comparative Research ◽  
Global South ◽  
Immigrant Incorporation ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
The West ◽  
National Belonging ◽  
The North ◽  
The Status ◽  
Definition Of

Naturalisations do not happen automatically – unlike the acquisition of nationality at birth – but must be brought about deliberately. The varying ways naturalisations are organized in any society therefore offer an opportunity to gain clues as to which criteria are assumed to be relevant for the respective definition of national belonging. This introduction argues that most research on naturalisation still focusses on Western states, and that theories of naturalisation are largely derived from Western cases. It describes the ethnocentric bias of much of the universalizing comparative research on naturalisations, and outlines the main reasons for the lack of research beyond the West. It then presents the articles on naturalisation policies in the Global South brought together in this special issue. The contributions analyse ethnically exclusive nationality laws in Liberia and Israel; selective two-tier regimes of immigrant incorporation in Hong Kong and Singapore; investor citizenship schemes which are much more common in the Global South than in the North, exemplified by the case of Mauritius; and Mexico, whose norms assign naturalised Mexicans the status of “second-class citizens”.

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