The Role of Pilot Studies

2018 ◽  
pp. 29-42
Author(s):  
Burkhard Wehner
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Studies

scholarly journals Role of Kisspeptin in Puberty in Humans

2020 ◽  
pp. 92-97
Author(s):  
Ravi Kant ◽  
Mahendra Kumar Meena
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Conventional Treatment ◽  
Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Pilot Studies ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Infertile Couples ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Kisspeptin or GPR-54 is a product of KISS 1 gene regulating the production of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH), luteinizing (LH) as well follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). Both LH and FSH are important hormones for reproduction in animals as well in humans. The recognition of Kisspeptin has a landmark bearing in reproductive biology. Few recent pilot studies have convincingly proven it to be a promising molecule in treating infertile couples especially those having hypogonadotropic hypogonadism not responding to conventional treatment.

Universal Basic Income in the United States and Advanced Countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 929-958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilary Hoynes ◽  
Jesse Rothstein
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Low Income ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pilot Studies ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Transfer Programs ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Advanced Economies ◽  
Low Income Families

We discuss the potential role of universal basic incomes (UBIs) in advanced countries. A feature of advanced economies that distinguishes them from developing countries is the existence of well-developed, if often incomplete, safety nets. We develop a framework for describing transfer programs that is flexible enough to encompass most existing programs as well as UBIs, and we use this framework to compare various UBIs to the existing constellation of programs in the United States. A UBI would direct much larger shares of transfers to childless, nonelderly, nondisabled households than existing programs, and much more to middle-income rather than poor households. A UBI large enough to increase transfers to low-income families would be enormously expensive. We review the labor supply literature for evidence on the likely impacts of a UBI. We argue that the ongoing UBI pilot studies will do little to resolve the major outstanding questions.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of the political activity of the Polish minority in Ukraine and the Ukrainian minority in Poland in 1990-2015 (based on pilot studies from 2014-2015)

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 233-278
Author(s):  
Sławomir Łodziński ◽  
Sergiusz Rudnicki
Keyword(s):  
Political Representation ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
The Political ◽  
Pilot Studies ◽  
Country Level ◽  
National Minorities ◽  
European Standards ◽  
Political Scene

Abstract The article tries to analyze the participation and political representation of the Polish minority in Ukraine and the Ukrainian minority in Poland in the period 1990-2015. Its meaning stems from at least several reasons. Firstly, because the both states officially accepted national minorities after 1990, they have introduced institutional arrangements of protection of their rights and have signed the major international documents in this area. Secondly, because the process of adaptation of European standards of minority protection took place in both countries in the situation of deep democratic changes and market reforms. Hence, the question of the role of minority policy in this has emerged. Thirdly, because the both countries are linked to one another because of a shared common history that sometimes divides societies and public opinion in these states and the political activity of both groups can increase or diminish these socio-political divisions. In the case of the Polish minority in Ukraine this article draws attention to the lack of political representation at country level and its limited activity as the Polish group at the local level (based on the Zhytomyr example). On the other hand in the case of the Ukrainian minority in Poland the article highlights the process of gradual decline of its political activity on the country level (as a result of the spatial dispersion of this group and the absence of a political partner on the country political scene) while we may observe its political activity at the local level.

Apologizing after the July 2018 bushfire in Attica: A mixed-methods analysis of constructions and perceptions of political apology in the aftermath of the disaster

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theofilos Gkinopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Political Support ◽  
Main Study ◽  
Emotional Climate ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Pilot Studies ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Psychological Significance ◽  
The Government ◽  
Study Participants

Political leaders tend to apologize for wrongdoings. This article focuses on a disaster occurred on July 2018 in east Attica, Greece, where wildfires destroyed houses and left dozens of people dead. This article approaches the Greek Prime Minister’s apology following the wildfires as performance, pointing on a neglected so far dimension of a political apology; its dramaturgical nature. Through a number of images of the Prime Minister’s apology, a qualitative approach was firstly used to interpret these images and their actions. In a next phase, 2 pilot and 1 main study were conducted testing perceptions of apology, trust, emotional climate and the role of participants’ political positioning. 180 participants were recruited for the 2 pilot studies overall and 222 participants for the main study. Participants were recruited from the disaster zone of east Attica. Results confirmed our hypotheses, detecting a main effect of apology condition on the dependent measures, as well as indirect effects of perceived sincerity, trust and positive emotional climate on political support towards the government. Political and psychological significance of a performance-based approach to apologies is discussed.

Orthopedic Surgeries: Review of Physicological Effect Pre and Post-Surgical Treatments

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
Satria Putra Wicaksana
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Surgical Outcomes ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Pilot Studies ◽  
Psychological Traits ◽  
Orthopedic Literature ◽  
Surgical Treatments ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Patient satisfaction with a treatment is an important outcome measure and is associated with increased adherence to that treatment. The role of psychological factors with regard to successful surgical outcomes has been highlighted previously. This is an orthopedic literature for the psychological traits that are relevant to surgical outcomes as well as an overview of options for psychologically optimizing a patient for surgery and ways to address problems encountered in the postoperative period in pandemic or non-pandemic before. A literature review was conducted in the electronic database PubMed using keyword “Psychological”, and “Orthopedic Surgeries”. All type of studies were included for this study, such as controlled trials, systematic reviews, literature reviews, and pilot studies published between 2015 and 2021. Articles which not written in English were excluded from the study. This search resulted in 6 papers. All of the papers disscuss about physicological effect on pre and post-surgical treatment. Satisfaction with surgery was closely associated with physical function and anxiety before surgery. Our analysis provides low levels of evidence supporting the use of psychological interventions, particularly with regard to anxiety and mental components of quality of life. Pre-operative anxiety, depression and low self-efficacy are consistently associated with worse physiological surgical outcomes and quality of life. However, there is currently insufficient evidence to be sure that pre-operative psychological interventions are of benefit, or which interventions are most effective.  

Editorial: Brain Plasticity: Has It a Role in Reducing Disability Related to Demyelinating Disease?

2000 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Steven C. Cramer
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Plasticity ◽  
Demyelinating Disease ◽  
Brain Plasticity ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Pilot Studies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Stroke Models

Abstract Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and other demyelinating conditions often show improvement from disease-related neurologic deficits. A number of factors have been proposed as contributing to this recovery. One possible mechanism that has received limited attention in the past is cortical plasticity, a process of active remodeling by which surviving resources are reorganized to maximize clinical status. Pilot studies of brain mapping in patients with MS and myelitis suggest that several motor cortex regions are organized differently than in healthy controls. Further studies are needed to evaluate the role of cortical plasticity in reducing disability among patients with MS. If further evidence supports a role for cortical remodeling in recovery from MS attacks, then treatments targeting the processes underlying cortical plasticity, such as growth factors currently being evaluated in stroke models, may represent new therapeutic avenues for patients with demyelinating disease.

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