Using Technology to Engage the Public in Biomedical Sciences

2019 ◽  
pp. 127-135
Author(s):  
Adam M. Taylor ◽  
Quenton Wessels
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Sciences ◽  
The Public

scholarly journals Credit for and Control of Research Outputs in Genomic Citizen Science

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 465-489
Author(s):  
Christi J. Guerrini ◽  
Jorge L. Contreras
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Science ◽  
Scientific Discovery ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Genetic Data ◽  
Biomedical Sciences ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Human Genomics ◽  
The Public ◽  
Legal Foundations ◽  
And Control

Citizen science encompasses activities with scientific objectives in which members of the public participate as more than passive research subjects from whom personal data or biospecimens are collected and analyzed by others. Citizen science is increasingly common in the biomedical sciences, including the fields of genetics and human genomics. Genomic citizen science initiatives are diverse and involve citizen scientists in collecting genetic data, solving genetic puzzles, and conducting experiments in community laboratories. At the same time that genomic citizen science is presenting new opportunities for individuals to participate in scientific discovery, it is also challenging norms regarding the manner in which scientific research outputs are managed. In this review, we present a typology of genomic citizen science initiatives, describe ethical and legal foundations for recognizing genomic citizen scientists’ claims of credit for and control of research outputs, and detail how such claims are or might be addressed in practice across a variety of initiatives.

scholarly journals Preparatory planning framework for Created Out of Mind: Shaping perceptions of dementia through art and science

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilie Brotherhood ◽  
Philip Ball ◽  
Paul M Camic ◽  
Caroline Evans ◽  
Nick Fox ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Biomedical Sciences ◽  
Art And Science ◽  
Public Building ◽  
The Public ◽  
Arts And Sciences ◽  
Interdisciplinary Project ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Planning Framework

Created Out of Mind is an interdisciplinary project, comprised of individuals from arts, social sciences, music, biomedical sciences, humanities and operational disciplines. Collaboratively we are working to shape perceptions of dementias through the arts and sciences, from a position within the Wellcome Collection. The Collection is a public building, above objects and archives, with a porous relationship between research, museum artefacts, and the public.  This pre-planning framework will act as an introduction to Created Out of Mind. The framework explains the rationale and aims of the project, outlines our focus for the project, and explores a number of challenges we have encountered by virtue of working in this way.

scholarly journals Wilder Penfield - Bioethicist

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cara L. Sedney ◽  
Mark Bernstein
Keyword(s):  
Medical Ethics ◽  
Ethical Dilemmas ◽  
Societal Implications ◽  
Biomedical Sciences ◽  
Unique Form ◽  
Ethical Problems ◽  
The Public ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Bioethics ◽  
The Impact

Bioethics is a new discipline which developed as modern medical and scientific breakthroughs surpassed the ability of traditional medical ethics to contend with unique ethical dilemmas. It evolved into an interdisciplinary discourse regarding the ethical and societal implications of medicine and the biomedical sciences. Wilder Penfield (1891–1976), celebrated neurosurgeon and neuroscientist, is rarely thought of as a “bioethicist,” and his mention in texts on the history of bioethics is little more than a footnote. However, he appears to have contributed to the field of bioethics in a number of ways: through his solutions to the ethical problems posed by the unique form of surgery he developed; through his recognition of the limitations of traditional medical ethics; through his involvement of the public and other disciplines in ethical discussions; and through the impact that his work still has today in the area of bioethics termed “neuroethics.”

scholarly journals Graduate Biomedical Science Education Needs a New Philosophy

mBio ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gundula Bosch ◽  
Arturo Casadevall
Keyword(s):  
Science Education ◽  
Graduate Programs ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Critical Thinking Skills ◽  
Biomedical Science ◽  
Biomedical Sciences ◽  
The Public ◽  
Education Today ◽  
Education Needs ◽  
Narrow Area

ABSTRACTThere is a growing realization that graduate education in the biomedical sciences is successful at teaching students how to conduct research but falls short in preparing them for a diverse job market, communicating with the public, and remaining versatile scientists throughout their careers. Major problems with graduate level education today include overspecialization in a narrow area of science without a proper grounding in essential critical thinking skills. Shortcomings in education may also contribute to some of the problems of the biomedical sciences, such as poor reproducibility, shoddy literature, and the rise in retracted publications. The challenge is to modify graduate programs such that they continue to generate individuals capable of conducting deep research while at the same time producing more broadly trained scientists without lengthening the time to a degree. Here we describe our first experiences at Johns Hopkins and propose a manifesto for reforming graduate science education.

An Evaluation of a Pipeline Program to Support Diversity in the Public Health Workforce: CDC Undergraduate Public Health Scholars (CUPS) Program

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 23S-35S
Author(s):  
Kai Hsiang Young ◽  
Leandris Liburd ◽  
Ana Penman-Aguilar
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Career Path ◽  
Outcome Evaluation ◽  
Public Health Workforce ◽  
Advanced Degree ◽  
Research Experience ◽  
Biomedical Sciences ◽  
The Public ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Undergraduate Public Health

Established by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the goal of the CDC Undergraduate Public Health Scholars (CUPS) program is to expose students underrepresented in public health and medicine to careers in public health; ultimately, increasing the membership of these groups in these fields including biomedical sciences. CDC implemented a retrospective outcome evaluation of 1,047 students who participated in the program from 2012 to 2017. Seventy-four percent (775) of students responded to the survey that captures their academic attainment and employment status, as well as their perception of the program’s and mentors’ influence on their career path. As of 2020, 639 (83.4%) of 775 participants have enrolled in an advanced degree program, with over 80% of 639 participants pursuing degrees in biomedical sciences, public health, or health care (BSPHHC)–related fields. Two thirds (374/566) of participants who reported they had ever been employed in a career position are working/have worked in BSPHHC-related fields. Overall, 77.4% (600) of 775 participants reported either the program or the mentors, or both were extremely or very influential to their career path. Students claimed the CUPS program had “opened their eyes,” inspired their interest, cultivated their passion for the field of public health, and fueled their drive to find solutions to and in social determinants of health and contribute to health equity. The opportunity to gain work and research experience through internship placements in CUPS has “opened doors” to first jobs and advanced education and training opportunities for many students.

scholarly journals Fraud in biomedical literature

2006 ◽  
Vol 134 (Suppl. 1) ◽  
pp. 50-56
Author(s):  
Ljiljana Vuckovic-Dekic
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Practice ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Biomedical Literature ◽  
Ethical Standards ◽  
Biomedical Sciences ◽  
Deviant Behaviour ◽  
Scientific Fraud ◽  
The Public ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Grave Danger

The basic ethical principles in science are internationally recognised in all disciplines of science. The first among these is honesty - both towards oneself and towards others. The betrayal of this principle can be seen as deviant behaviour, which may result in the most serious violation of the high ethical standards of science - scientific fraud. Fraudulent behaviour in biomedical sciences is particularly damaging, since all diagnostic and treatment decisions are based on what is published in medical literature. The betrayers of science undermine, to a great extent, the public trust in science, and may destroy the confidence scientists have in each other as well, which is a grave danger to science itself. In this article, several high profile cases of scientific fraud - involving falsification, fabrication of data, and plagiarism - are described. The damaging effect they had on both science and the scientific community led to the codification of the concept of Good Scientific Practice (GSP) - an international quality standard for designing, conducting, recording, and reporting research. The concept of GSP sets internationally valid benchmarks for quality assurance, and also provides safeguards against scientific dishonesty and fraud.

scholarly journals Delivery patterns among women at the Tamale West Hospital from 2012 to 2015, Northern Region, Ghana

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
F. A. Ziba ◽  
P.P.M. Dapare ◽  
P. Kafari ◽  
K. Tigawuti ◽  
S. B. Nte-Ajal
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Population Projections ◽  
Biomedical Sciences ◽  
Birth Seasonality ◽  
Maternal Deaths ◽  
The Public ◽  
Tamale Metropolis ◽  
Cohort Study Design ◽  
Newborn Complications

The study traces the likely route of the movement of fertility through the demographic transition from the available data obtained from the Tamale West Hospital. The information is critical for construction of population projections as well as for monitoring and evaluating action programs. This research was conducted to assess delivery patterns among women in the Tamale West Hospital for the four years under study. Retrospective cohort study design was used for this study. The data for the research work was from the Public Health Unit of Tamale West Hospital. Findings from the research revealed that for the period of the four years (2012-2015), a total of 11,083 babies were delivered with the majority (54.3%) being male babies. Further results showed that the highest (31.6%) deliveries of babies by women were in 2012. The study also found that of the 30 (0.27%) of babies with newborn complications, majority 28 (93%) suffered opthalmia neonatorum and 2 (7%) suffered from asphyxia (7%). A total of 14 (0.13%) maternal deaths were recorded of which 2015 recorded the highest (64.3%) number of maternal deaths. The causes of the deaths included sepsis, obstructed labour, eclampsia, unsafe abortion and hemorrhage. The study highlights the high numbers of births been recorded in the region. These huge numbers have a corresponding impact on the country’s population, with its associated problems. Health facility delivery is persistently high in the Tamale Metropolis and the birth seasonality peaked in May, September and October. The study therefore recommends continuous health education in the metropolis to minimize issues related to labour complications and maternal and infant mortality.Journal of Medical and Biomedical Sciences (2017) 6(2), 38- 43

Replications can cause distorted belief in scientific progress

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michał Białek
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Scientific Progress ◽  
The Public ◽  
Psychological Science

AbstractIf we want psychological science to have a meaningful real-world impact, it has to be trusted by the public. Scientific progress is noisy; accordingly, replications sometimes fail even for true findings. We need to communicate the acceptability of uncertainty to the public and our peers, to prevent psychology from being perceived as having nothing to say about reality.

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