Theoretical Model and Research Questions

2020 ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
Julia Henke
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Research Questions

A Theoretical Model for Analysis of Software Review Performance

2011 ◽  
pp. 115-155
Author(s):  
Yuk Kuen Wong
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Software Review ◽  
Input Process ◽  
Process Factor ◽  
Sound Theory ◽  
Process Output ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Software Reviews ◽  
Process Factors ◽  
And Performance

The aim of this chapter is to develop a theoretical model to assist in the analysis of critical inputs to software reviews and to identify process factors that might impact positively on software review performance. The Explicit, Implicit Input-process-Output (EIIO) model provides a sound theory to drive empirical research in software review and a different perspective to the existing literature that helps to facilitate understanding of the input-process-output relationship in software review process. An overall objective of the EIIO model is to identify what the key inputs are and process factor(s) that significantly influence review outcome(s). Five propositions, ten research questions, and 14 hypotheses are formulated to validate the important relationships between software inputs, processes, and performance.

scholarly journals Illness representations among parents of children and adults with serious mental disorders: A systematic review and theoretical model

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 27-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilanit Hasson-Ohayon ◽  
Gil Goldzweig ◽  
Adi Lavi-Rotenberg ◽  
David Roe ◽  
Gerdina Hendrika Maria Pijnenborge
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Reference Lists ◽  
Psychological Outcomes ◽  
Illness Representations ◽  
Cognitive Representations ◽  
Current Systematic Review ◽  
Research Questions

AbstractObjective:Cognitive representations of an illness have an important impact on psychological outcomes. The current systematic review explored 1) the characteristics of illness representations held by parents of children and adults with serious mental illness (SMI), and 2) the associations of these representations with both parents’ and patients’ psychological outcomes.Method:PSYINFO and PUBMED were screened for eligible studies published between January 2000 and August 2018. Selection was based on PRISMA guidelines. Reference lists of these papers were checked for additional references. Two independent coders extracted all relevant data.Results:The search resulted in 31 relevant studies, which were divided, by type of methodology, into three sections: quantitative, qualitative, and mixed quantitative-qualitative. In each section, findings were divided in accordance with the two research questions.Conclusion:Parents struggle to make meaning of their child’s illness, often holding stigmatizing ideas about the illness and blaming themselves for its existence. More longitudinal studies that include both of the child’s parents, as well as interventional studies, are needed to expand our knowledge of ways to help parents construct more beneficial representations of their children’s illnesses.

Impact of psychological capital on the resistance to change during post-merger integration

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 936-956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Linda Dorling
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
Resistance To Change ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Employee Resistance ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Post Merger Integration ◽  
Merger Integration ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose Mergers and acquisitions (M&As) are major corporate changes and are among the most stressful for employees. Employee resistance is a well-recognised reason for high failure rates of post-merger integration (PMI). The contemporary concept of psychological capital (PsyCap) is a promising approach for dealing with the issue. To date, relatively little research has been conducted on the relationship between PsyCap and resistance. The purpose of this paper is to examine the possible positive impacts of PsyCap on employee resistance during PMI, based on a review of the existing literature and selected interviewers with a panel of experts, and offer a theoretical model for decreasing the resistance. Design/methodology/approach This paper builds on the literature on M&A, PMI, and employee resistance by focusing on the contribution of PsyCap. Apart from formulating propositions and answering pre-determined research questions, the findings are the basis for a theoretical model that was validated by a panel of experts. Findings This research documents the negative emotions that are triggers for resistance during PMI under the influence of PsyCap. By measuring and assessing the PsyCap needs of employees, resistant employees were revealed, and their PsyCap was developed using tailored interventions. The research findings indicate this to be a feasible approach for reducing resistance during PMI. Research limitations/implications All of the findings rely on empirical testing and operationalisation. Cultural differences may influence the PsyCap dimensions. Practical implications M&A deals often fail due to unsuccessful PMI implementation because leaders fail to consider the psychological impacts when trying to overcome resistance. The model proposes a possible solution. Originality/value The offered theoretical approach is original and provides new insights for researchers and practitioners who evaluate M&A strategies.

scholarly journals CSO-State Partnerships and Social Finance: Smart Social Capital and Shared Incentives towards Public-Private Partnership Efficiency Using Social Impact Bonds

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-86
Author(s):  
Jasper Kim ◽  
Sunghye Kang
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Complexity Science ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
Assistance Programs ◽  
Social Impact Bonds ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Science Framework ◽  
First Time

This paper aims to answer two research questions: First, what are the sources of weaknesses found in current CSO-government relationships? Second, how could these weaknesses be remedied to bring better efficiency in social development assistance programs? Applying the Complexity Science framework and Brinkerhoff’s related theoretical model to the field of social finance for the first time to the best of the authors’ knowledge, this article argues that the implementation of social finance, generally, and social impact bonds (SIBs), specifically, can combine to create “smart social capital”—a new model in which trust is furthered and arguably maximized between relevant public and/or private sector networks in the form of stakeholders, through the efficient combination of shared interests in the form of financial as well as societal beneficial gains by related stakeholders and the community at large.

A Theoretical Model, Including User-Experience, Aesthetics, and Psychology, in the 3D Design Process

2015 ◽  
pp. 139-152
Author(s):  
Thomas Photiadis ◽  
Nicos Souleles
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Design Process ◽  
User Experience ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Future Research ◽  
3D Design ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Additional Reason

This paper presents a theoretical model based on a formula that combines three theoretical factors which – it is argued - significantly contribute to the process of designing 3D avatars. These factors are aesthetics, user experience and psychology. The purpose of the paper is to put forward new ideas on what informs the design process of 3D avatars. An additional reason of the formulation and the proposal of a visualization through a formula, is to simplify the procedure of 3D avatars design while at the same time comprehending the influence of aesthetics, user experience and psychology. The paper provides an overview of existing research on aesthetics, user experience and psychology and how these can inform 3D avatars design procedure. As all theoretical models, this one too needs to be tested further so we propose a set of future research questions based on the model.

scholarly journals The Influences of User Experience, Aesthetics and Psychology in the Design Process of 3D Avatars (Theoretical model)

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Photiadis ◽  
Nicos Souleles
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Design Process ◽  
User Experience ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Future Research ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Additional Reason

This paper introduces a theoretical model that combines three theoretical factors which – it is argued - significantly contribute to the operation of designing 3D avatars. These factors are aesthetics, user-experience and psychology. The aim of the report is to put forward new ideas on what informs the design operation of 3D avatars. An additional reason for the creation of this theoretical model is to simplify the procedure of 3D avatars design, while at the same time comprehending the influence of aesthetics, user-experience and psychology. The paper provides an overview of existing research on aesthetics, user experience and psychology and how these can inform 3D avatars design procedure. As with all theoretical models, this one too needs further testing; a set of future research questions are posed.

scholarly journals Spending Surges: Considerations Toward a Proposed Model for Explaining Budgetary Slack in Expiring Budgets

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Shawn L. Robey ◽  
Mark A. McKnight
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Budgetary Slack ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Secondary Purpose ◽  
Budget Cycle ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Budgeting Process

A review of an expiring budget and its impact on the budgeting process is very important. Two issues can quickly arise from the practice of budgeting based on budgetary slack. First, a department might feel incentivized to initially reduce (or hold back) spending during the early stages of the budgeting cycle. Second, as an extension to the prior idea, the department might experience an increase in spending as the end of the budget cycle draws near. The present research serves two purposes: The first purpose of this paper is to explore spending surges towards the end of a budgeting cycle. The secondary purpose of the paper is to explore the honesty of a department by using slack levels as an indicator. Based on the review of the literature, two general research questions will guide the development of a theoretical model to explain spending surges toward the end of a budgetary cycle.

The Collaborative Network Approach: a model for advancing patient-centric research for Castleman disease and other rare diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-105
Author(s):  
Mary Zuccato ◽  
Dustin Shilling ◽  
David C. Fajgenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Rare Diseases ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Castleman Disease ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Collaborative Network ◽  
Network Approach ◽  
Grant Applications ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Novel Strategy ◽  
Patient Centric

Abstract There are ∼7000 rare diseases affecting 30 000 000 individuals in the U.S.A. 95% of these rare diseases do not have a single Food and Drug Administration-approved therapy. Relatively, limited progress has been made to develop new or repurpose existing therapies for these disorders, in part because traditional funding models are not as effective when applied to rare diseases. Due to the suboptimal research infrastructure and treatment options for Castleman disease, the Castleman Disease Collaborative Network (CDCN), founded in 2012, spearheaded a novel strategy for advancing biomedical research, the ‘Collaborative Network Approach’. At its heart, the Collaborative Network Approach leverages and integrates the entire community of stakeholders — patients, physicians and researchers — to identify and prioritize high-impact research questions. It then recruits the most qualified researchers to conduct these studies. In parallel, patients are empowered to fight back by supporting research through fundraising and providing their biospecimens and clinical data. This approach democratizes research, allowing the entire community to identify the most clinically relevant and pressing questions; any idea can be translated into a study rather than limiting research to the ideas proposed by researchers in grant applications. Preliminary results from the CDCN and other organizations that have followed its Collaborative Network Approach suggest that this model is generalizable across rare diseases.

Factors Influencing Cognate Performance for Young Multilingual Children's Vocabulary: A Research Synthesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 2170-2188
Author(s):  
Lindsey R. Squires ◽  
Sara J. Ohlfest ◽  
Kristen E. Santoro ◽  
Jennifer L. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Test Validity ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Bilingual Children ◽  
Second Grade ◽  
High Quality Research ◽  
Word Level ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Word Characteristics ◽  
Study Inclusion ◽  
Task Level

Purpose The purpose of this systematic review was to determine evidence of a cognate effect for young multilingual children (ages 3;0–8;11 [years;months], preschool to second grade) in terms of task-level and child-level factors that may influence cognate performance. Cognates are pairs of vocabulary words that share meaning with similar phonology and/or orthography in more than one language, such as rose – rosa (English–Spanish) or carrot – carotte (English–French). Despite the cognate advantage noted with older bilingual children and bilingual adults, there has been no systematic examination of the cognate research in young multilingual children. Method We conducted searches of multiple electronic databases and hand-searched article bibliographies for studies that examined young multilingual children's performance with cognates based on study inclusion criteria aligned to the research questions. Results The review yielded 16 articles. The majority of the studies (12/16, 75%) demonstrated a positive cognate effect for young multilingual children (measured in higher accuracy, faster reaction times, and doublet translation equivalents on cognates as compared to noncognates). However, not all bilingual children demonstrated a cognate effect. Both task-level factors (cognate definition, type of cognate task, word characteristics) and child-level factors (level of bilingualism, age) appear to influence young bilingual children's performance on cognates. Conclusions Contrary to early 1990s research, current researchers suggest that even young multilingual children may demonstrate sensitivity to cognate vocabulary words. Given the limits in study quality, more high-quality research is needed, particularly to address test validity in cognate assessments, to develop appropriate cognate definitions for children, and to refine word-level features. Only one study included a brief instruction prior to assessment, warranting cognate treatment studies as an area of future need. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12753179

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