scholarly journals Between Taxes, Criminal Law and Health Care: The Fight Against Illicit Tobacco Trade in Germany

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-80
Author(s):  
Marc Engelhart
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Illicit Tobacco Trade

CRIMINAL LEGAL MEANS OF PROVIDING HEALTH CARE DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 31-41
Author(s):  
DANILA ILIN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Health System ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
General Description ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article presents the results of a study of the problems of criminal legal assessment of criminal attacks on the health care system during the COVID-19 pandemic. The social background of such crime and its criminological characteristics are studied. Given the fact that most of criminal law, aimed at preventing crime, reducing the capacity of the state in the fight against novel coronavirus infection treated in depth by the legal and regulatory framework is impeding the spread of the pandemic COVID-19, and analyzed Federal laws, decrees of the President of the Russian Federation, decisions and orders of the Government of the Russian Federation, orders of the Ministry of health of Russia and other state bodies governing the functioning of public authorities, medical institutions and organizations, the rights and obligations of citizens and legal entities, this includes measures for the prevention of this disease in various areas of social life that are additionally regulated during the COVID-19 pandemic. The task of optimizing the criminal law provision of health care during the COVID-19 pandemic is formulated, taking into account the actual situation with the spread of this infection and the practice of countering it. As part of this task, based on a critical analysis of existing approaches in the science of criminal law, we formulate our own concept of crimes that infringe on the health system during the COVID-19 pandemic, characterize the problem, study their legal and social nature, and systematize such crimes. On the basis of the obtained data, a General description of crimes that encroach on the health system during the COVID-19 pandemic is given, their criminal-legal features are considered, theoretical approaches to determining their essence are studied, and the author's position on this issue is formulated. The author's classification of crimes that hinder the provision of health care during the COVID-19 pandemic is given. Groups of such crimes are consistently considered. A General description of their objective and subjective characteristics is given. Proposals for improving the interpretation of the relevant criminal law norms in science and law enforcement practice have been developed, and suggestions for their improvement have been substantiated and formulated. The article is addressed not only to scientists and practitioners of law enforcement agencies, but also to doctors who often work in conditions of a lack of legal knowledge about their rights and obligations, the qualification of certain acts from the point of view of criminal law, the grounds and limits of criminal liability for those that constitute a crime, and algorithms for actions in case of detection of such acts.

scholarly journals Klauzula dobrego samarytanina, czyli nowy kontratyp w związku z przeciwdziałaniem COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-51
Author(s):  
Marcin Burdzik ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Medical Errors ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Criminal Policy ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Good Samaritan ◽  
The One

‘The Good Samaritan Clause’ is a new justification, which exclude criminal liability for non-blatant and unintentional medical error. The solution adopted is, on the one hand, an important precedent in the approach to the issue of medical errors and represents turn towards the ‘no fault’ system. On the other hand, it may adversely affect the implementation of certain functions of criminal law. The aim of the article is a comprehensive analysis of the justification introduced, an attempt to assess its legitimacy and impact on the health care system and the fundamental assumptions of the state's criminal policy in the context of criminal law functions.

scholarly journals PENAFSIRAN HUKUM DALAM MENENTUKAN UNSUR-UNSUR KELALAIAN MALPRAKTEK MEDIK (MEDICAL MALPRACTICE)

2015 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Widodo Tresno Novianto ,
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Medical Malpractice ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Legal Action ◽  
Medical Visits ◽  
Criminal Offenses ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Legal Battle

<h4>Abstract</h4> <p><strong><em> </em></strong></p> <p><em>Struggle interpretation of the law to determine the elements of errors/omissions in Medical Malpractice often encountered in the process of resolving a medical action performed by a doctor with allegations of errors/omissions/negligence and irregularities health care procedures/professional errors/omissions professionals. Legal battle to determine the elements of negligence in Medical Malpractice is situated on the difference between the interpretation and application of ordinary criminal offenses set out in the Criminal Code and the crime of medical. Where ordinary crime that primarily focuses on the factor of "consequences" of a criminal act, whereas in criminal acts medical visits is not the result but the factor of "the cause", so although fatal but if there is no element of negligence or fault, then the doctor can not be held. From the point of criminal law (Criminal Code) an assessment of its legal action against the medical culpa lata should start from the death/injury, and then assess the medical in observing behavior was to blame or not to blame. This indicates the presence of a paradigm shift is from "due to" the act of giving medication into an act eliminating symptoms after performing the act, but an attitude of "inner culpoos" is formed from the consequences of doing an act, and not after the act was committed.</em><em> </em></p> <p><strong><em>Keywords: </em></strong><em>Struggle, Interpretation, Negligence, Medical</em><em> </em></p> <p><em> </em></p> <p><em> </em></p> <h3>Abstrak</h3> <p><strong> </strong></p> <p>Pergulatan penafsiran hukum untuk menentukan unsur- unsur kesalahan/kelalaian dalam Malpraktek Medik sering dijumpai dalam proses penyelesaian suatu tindakan medik yang dilakukan oleh dokter dengan dugaan terjadinya kesalahan/kealpaan/kelalaian dan penyimpangan prosedur pelayanan kesehatan/kesalahan profesional/kelalaian profesional. Pergulatan hukum untuk menentukan unsur- unsur kelalaian dalam Malpraktik Medik (Medical Malpractice) adalah terletak pada adanya perbedaan penafsiran dan penerapan antara tindak pidana biasa yang diatur dalam KUHP dan tindak pidana medis. Dimana tindak pidana biasa yang terutama berfokus pada faktor “ akibatnya “ dari suatu peristiwa pidana, sedangkan dalam tindak pidana medis yang dilihat bukan akibatnya tetapi faktor “ penyebabnya “, sehingga meskipun berakibat fatal tetapi jika tidak ada unsur kelalaian atau kesalahan, maka dokter tidak dapat dipersalahkan. Dari sudut hukum pidana (KUHP) penilaian sifat melawan hukumnya perbuatan dalam culpa lata medis harus dimulai dari akibat kematian/luka, baru kemudian menilai pada tingkah laku medis dalam mengobservasi yang patut disalahkan atau tidak disalahkan. Hal ini menunjukkan dengan adanya pergeseran paradigma yaitu dari “akibat“ perbuatan memberikan pengobatan menjadi perbuatan menghilangkan gejala setelah melakukan perbuatan, padahal sikap “ batin culpoos “ terbentuk dari akibat dilakukannya suatu perbuatan, dan bukan sesudahnya perbuatan itu dilakukan.</p><p><strong>Kata kunci: </strong>Pergulatan, penafsiran, kelalaian, medik</p>

scholarly journals CRIMINAL LAW POLICY IN HEALTH CARE

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Enny Agustina
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Criminal Policy ◽  
Codes Of Ethics ◽  
Systematic Research ◽  
The Government ◽  
Laws And Regulations

Legislation in the health sector must always follow and fulfill the community needs. After that, it must be able to answer the problems of the community in the health sector, so that people feel at ease as citizens. It is the duty of the government so that people can enjoy health care at affordable costs. In addition, hospitals must always maintain their professionals. The problem this paper about how is criminal law policy in health care and the methods is Normative legal research is research conducted by examining library materials. This research on normative literature includes research on legal principles, research on legal systematic, research on the levels of vertical and horizontal synchronization, comparison of law and legal history. The result is obtained are in addition to criminal law, namely Law Number 1 Year 1946 on the Criminal Code, there are also several criminal policy that regulate criminal law protection in health care or medical. The laws and regulations are Law Number 36 Year 2009 on Health, Law Number 44 Year 2009 on Hospitals, Law Number 29 Year 2004 on Medical Practice and many other laws and regulations related to criminal policy in the health sector. Since ancient Greece, legal science has touched almost all aspects of human life, except the medical field. Health workers who existed at that time regulated their own work methods with professional codes of ethics and oaths that were deeply rooted in tradition and had a strong influence on society.

scholarly journals CRIMINAL LAW POLICY IN HEALTH CARE

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-80
Author(s):  
Enny Agustina
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Criminal Policy ◽  
Codes Of Ethics ◽  
Systematic Research ◽  
The Government ◽  
Laws And Regulations

Legislation in the health sector must always follow and fulfill the community needs. After that, it must be able to answer the problems of the community in the health sector, so that people feel at ease as citizens. It is the duty of the government so that people can enjoy health care at affordable costs. In addition, hospitals must always maintain their professionals. The problem this paper about how is criminal law policy in health care and the methods is Normative legal research is research conducted by examining library materials. This research on normative literature includes research on legal principles, research on legal systematic, research on the levels of vertical and horizontal synchronization, comparison of law and legal history. The result is obtained are in addition to criminal law, namely Law Number 1 Year 1946 on the Criminal Code, there are also several criminal policy that regulate criminal law protection in health care or medical. The laws and regulations are Law Number 36 Year 2009 on Health, Law Number 44 Year 2009 on Hospitals, Law Number 29 Year 2004 on Medical Practice and many other laws and regulations related to criminal policy in the health sector. Since ancient Greece, legal science has touched almost all aspects of human life, except the medical field. Health workers who existed at that time regulated their own work methods with professional codes of ethics and oaths that were deeply rooted in tradition and had a strong influence on society.

scholarly journals PENAFSIRAN HUKUM DALAM MENENTUKAN UNSUR-UNSUR KELALAIAN MALPRAKTEK MEDIK (MEDICAL MALPRACTICE

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Widodo Tresno Novianto
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Medical Malpractice ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Legal Action ◽  
Medical Visits ◽  
Criminal Offenses ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Legal Battle

<p align="center"><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong></p><p><em>Struggle interpretation of the law to determine the elements of errors/omissions in Medical Malpractice often encountered in the process of resolving a medical action performed by a doctor with allegations of errors/omissions/negligence and irregularities health care procedures/professional errors/omissions professionals. Legal battle to determine the elements of negligence in Medical Malpractice is situated on the difference between the interpretation and application of ordinary criminal offenses set out in the Criminal Code and the crime of medical. Where ordinary crime that primarily focuses on the factor of "consequences" of a criminal act, whereas in criminal acts medical visits is not the result but the factor of "the cause", so although fatal but if there is no element of negligence or fault, then the doctor can not be held. From the point of criminal law (Criminal Code) an assessment of its legal action against the medical culpa lata should start from the death/injury, and then assess the medical in observing behavior was to blame or not to blame. This indicates the presence of a paradigm shift is from "due to" the act of giving medication into an act eliminating symptoms after performing the act, but an attitude of "inner culpoos" is formed from the consequences of doing an act, and not after the act was committed.</em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords: </em></strong><em>Struggle, Interpretation, Negligence, Medical</em></p><p align="center"><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Pergulatan penafsiran hukum untuk menentukan unsur- unsur kesalahan/kelalaian dalam Malpraktek Medik sering dijumpai dalam proses penyelesaian suatu tindakan medik yang dilakukan oleh dokter dengan dugaan terjadinya kesalahan/kealpaan/kelalaian dan penyimpangan prosedur pelayanan kesehatan/kesalahan profesional/kelalaian profesional. Pergulatan hukum untuk menentukan unsur- unsur kelalaian dalam Malpraktik Medik (Medical Malpractice) adalah terletak pada adanya perbedaan penafsiran dan penerapan antara tindak pidana biasa yang diatur dalam KUHP dan tindak pidana medis. Dimana tindak pidana biasa yang terutama berfokus pada faktor “ akibatnya “ dari suatu peristiwa pidana, sedangkan dalam tindak pidana medis yang dilihat bukan akibatnya tetapi faktor “ penyebabnya “, sehingga meskipun berakibat fatal tetapi jika tidak ada unsur kelalaian atau kesalahan, maka dokter tidak dapat dipersalahkan. Dari sudut hukum pidana (KUHP) penilaian sifat melawan hukumnya perbuatan dalam culpa lata medis harus dimulai dari akibat kematian/luka, baru kemudian menilai pada tingkah laku medis dalam mengobservasi yang patut disalahkan atau tidak disalahkan. Hal ini menunjukkan dengan adanya pergeseran paradigma yaitu dari “akibat“ perbuatan memberikan pengobatan menjadi perbuatan menghilangkan gejala setelah melakukan perbuatan, padahal sikap “ batin culpoos “ terbentuk dari akibat dilakukannya suatu perbuatan, dan bukan sesudahnya perbuatan itu dilakukan.</p><p><strong>Kata kunci: </strong>Pergulatan, penafsiran, kelalaian, medik</p>

scholarly journals Kajian Yuridis Penyelesaian Sengketa Medik di Indonesia

Wajah Hukum ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 200
Author(s):  
Supeno Supeno
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Dispute Resolution ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Legal Relationship ◽  
Medical Disputes ◽  
Present Context ◽  
Medical Dispute ◽  
Two Sides

The higher level of education and welfare of the community will make the level of legal awareness of the community higher too, in the present context health care is not only seen as an ordinary relationship but has become a legal relationship between health workers and patients, in that relationship disputes can occur between the two sides parties, in fact many cases / medical disputes are directly processed criminally, Indonesian law has stipulated that if a case occurs then it can be resolved through administrative, civil and criminal law, the purpose of this study is to examine the main priorities of medical dispute resolution in case of suspected error and / or negligence committed by health workers. This paper is an idea and legal study that the author peels normatively. The results of the study indicate that if there is a suspicion of error and / or negligence made by a health worker must be checked first by an honorary assembly and sought as far as possible mediated.

scholarly journals Correcting the record: Australian prosecutions for manslaughter in the medical context

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J Carter
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Adequate Account ◽  
Case Histories ◽  
Archival Research ◽  
Base Hospital ◽  
Health Care Context ◽  
History Of ◽  
Over Time

The failure to prosecute Dr Jayant Patel successfully for any of the deaths associated with his time as Director of Surgery at Bundaberg Base Hospital was received in some quarters as an abject failure of the criminal law to deal adequately with significant wrongdoing. The case itself, the multiple public inquiries and the significant expense to pursue, extradite and prosecute Patel, resulting finally in a finding of guilt on a number of minor fraud charges, seems to compound this sense of failure. This article argues otherwise. When placed within the far longer and forgotten history of the prosecution of manslaughter by criminal negligence in the Australian jurisdiction, this story of prosecutorial failure becomes instead wholly consistent with the case law over time. No adequate account of the history of prosecution in the Australian jurisdiction exists for this area of law. To present Patel in context, the article draws upon archival research to provide a significantly extended account of the history of prosecution for manslaughter in the health care context. The extension of the case law is significant, from four known prosecutions, case histories of another 33 inadequately acknowledged prosecutions are presented.

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