scholarly journals Beyond Accessibility: Transport Systems as a Societal Structure Supporting Inclusion in Late-Life

2021 ◽  
pp. 327-338
Author(s):  
Anu Siren
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Service Accessibility ◽  
Planning Processes ◽  
Societal Structure ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
Transport Mobility

AbstractMobility is associated with well-being, and an age-inclusive transport system is a prerequisite for satisfactory mobility throughout the life course. Yet a transport system – including the physical characteristics of environments, planning processes, design, and policies – involves more than allowing people and goods to move from one location to another. Rather, it is an arena of everyday life, related not only to direct service accessibility but also to wider social inclusion. If the structures surrounding late life transport mobility can match the changing needs of older adults in a changing society, they have the potential for supporting good ageing and social inclusion. Accessibility problems can be targeted through single-domain interventions, such as online shopping, telemedicine and care at home. However, targeting the loss of social inclusion caused by lack of transportation requires a broader understanding of transport as a social structure. This chapter reviews the scholarship on the links between transport mobility, well-being and social inclusion or exclusion. To demonstrate the mismatch between individual aspirations and surrounding structures, it revisits the concept of “structural lag” from the transport perspective. It also gives an overview of knowledge gaps related to transport and social inclusion or exclusion in late life.

scholarly journals The Wealth of Immigrants: Expanding our Understanding of Immigrant Economic Integration in Canada

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberley J Dalgleish
Keyword(s):  
Economic Integration ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Asset Accumulation ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Recent Immigrant ◽  
Labour Market Outcomes ◽  
The Life Course

Wealth is a key feature of immigrants' successful economic integration in Canada, while more broadly contributing to their level of social inclusion and sense of self-efficacy throughout the life course. Yet, immigrant wealth has been largely ignored in the Canadian literature. Current analyses of immigrant economic integration focus primarily on labour market outcomes and growing earnings inequalities. This body of literature would be greatly enriched by strengthened understandings of immigrant savings, consumption, asset accumulation and investment. This paper thus brings together the fragmented and scarce literature related to immigrant wealth; consequently merging literatures from different fields and generating an important disucssion of the overarching issues affecting immigrant wealth in Canada. A critical review of the literature reveals that recent immigrant cohorts face increasing economic inequality compared to the Canadian born population and established immigrants, while wealth is increasingly polarized among recent immigrant groups. These trends have profound implications for the long-term economic well-being of immigrants in Canada, particularly as they reach retirement age.

scholarly journals Evolution of Transport Policies in Latin-America, Stages and Steps Forward

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Alberto Moncada A. ◽  
Peter Jones ◽  
Diego A. Escobar
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Policy Instrument ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
American Cities

This paper presents the evolution of Latin-American transport policies in cities framed in terms of a conceptual model of three Stages recently developed to analyse policy initiatives in Western Europe cities, but probably suitable for developing countries. Stage one is identified as the accommodation of the steady growth of cars through urban road construction. Stage Two is connected to the improvement of public transport services and the shift to more efficient transport systems. Then Stage Three is based on concepts of liveable cities focused on well-being and social inclusion. Latin-American examples and specific cases of policy instruments’ implementation are used to test the validity of this three-stage model in a South American context. Comparative data for different cities are presented, shows results and consequences in terms of congestion reduction, transport systems improvements and some early sustainable transport initiatives. The work depicts the evolving policies of some Latin-American cities, first implementing major road improvements, next the implementation of car controls, and then, the switch to improved public transport systems. Finally the implications for cities in developing countries for the upcoming challenges in transport policies are considered. The paper discusses whether there is or not a transition process in Latin-American urban transport policies, and their success and efficiency on a worldwide comparative basis. As will be shown in this paper, transport policies in Latin-American cities can be characterised in one of these identified Stages of the evolution. Some of them are in Stage Two, while others are still under the influence of car-oriented planning in Stage One. Nevertheless, every policy instrument has impacts resulting from mutations in behaviour after years of application, and those impacts can make the difference between successful and unsuccessful transformations.

scholarly journals Intermodal Mobility Hubs and User Needs

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Daniel Bell
Keyword(s):  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
User Needs ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Transportation Modes ◽  
Multimodal Transport ◽  
Planning Processes ◽  
User Centered

Technological innovation in the mobility and transport sphere is still strongly aimed at vehicle- or infrastructure-based systems. Actual user needs in regard to accessibility and usability of the links between different transportation modes are usually addressed by standardized planning processes. In a row of four consecutive Austrian research projects, every element in the chain of intermodal routes was addressed, starting from the user-centered features of public transport stops in both urban and rural transport systems, to the planning tasks involved in providing demand-driven public transport. The current iteration focuses on establishing a typology of intermodal mobility hubs, including a differentiated view of the potential users of a multimodal transport system and their respective needs at the station.

scholarly journals Intergenerational Friendship as a Conduit for Social Inclusion? Insights from the “Book‐Ends”

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 304-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riikka Korkiamäki ◽  
Catherine Elliott O'Dare
Keyword(s):  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Societal Level ◽  
Alternative Identities ◽  
The Life Course

Friendship is said to promote psychological and physical well‐being and increase social inclusion. Yet, intergenerational friendship has garnered little research attention due to the assumed dominance of age homophily in friendship. In this article we explore intergenerational friendship from the perspective of “younger” and “older” friends at the “generational book‐ends” of the life course. We focus on the role that intergenerational friendship plays in processes of social inclusion in the everyday lives of the participants, bringing together a study conducted in Finland and one in Ireland. Both studies employ qualitative methodology, drawing from interviews with 31 young people who were refugees (aged 13–18) in Finland and 23 older people (aged 65+) in Ireland. Our findings reveal that the younger and the older participants concur on the qualities and benefits of intergenerational friendship. Additionally, while age is not a uniform definer of friendships, differences in chronological age are not meaningless but support caring, enjoyment, and inclusion in alternative ways compared to peer‐aged friendships. Access to diverse company, distinct support, broader networks, and alternative identities lead to increased experiences of social inclusion at a personal and societal level. We conclude by calling on policy makers and communities to create spaces and opportunities for inclusion through friendship for all generations.

Themes of Gerotranscendence in Narrative Identity Within Structured Life Review

GeroPsych ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-84
Author(s):  
Sharlene L. Jeffers ◽  
Ricco Hill ◽  
Miriam F. Krumholz ◽  
Cynthia Winston-Proctor
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Narrative Identity ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Life Story ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Life Review ◽  
Late Life Depression ◽  
Clinical Narrative ◽  
The Life Course

Abstract. Narrative identity is a person’s internalized and evolving life story. It provides a person with some degree of unity and purpose over the life course. It is shaped by the themes, plots, and images available within an individual’s culture. Research in narrative gerontology finds that positive themes within narrative identity in late life are sparse because of a pervading “narrative of decline,” which may contribute to prevalence of late life depression. Structured Life Review (SLR) is an effective intervention to manage depressive symptoms in older adults. It relies on clinician-guided storytelling and themes drawn from Erikson’s developmental stages to foster positive narrative identity. In this theoretical review, the authors explore gerotranscendence-related themes to inform narrative identity through SLR, the goal being to advance the argument that gerotranscendence can adaptively navigate negative narrative themes. It should be considered within clinical narrative practice to improve psychological well-being for older adults.

scholarly journals Opposite Ends: widows' narratives of contemporary late life

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Paula Vasara
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Life Course Perspective ◽  
Letting Go ◽  
Past Experiences ◽  
The Life Course

The life course perspective frames this study of contemporary late life. Thematic narrative analysis is employed to analyse the stories of 16 Finn­ish widows aged 79–89 years (Moving in Old Age: Transitions in Housing and Care research project) in order to explore the experiences related to growing old. The results indicate two kinds of narratives: nostalgic rem­iniscences about a happy past are typical of the retiring to solitude story, characterised by experiences of life nearing its end and of letting go; and those inclined towards the keeping up narrative are still seeking new ex­periences and playing active roles in everyday life. Both kinds of stories encompass well-being, in spite of their apparent differences in outcome. These results indicate that there is no single description of ageing well. Individual experiences of growing old are unique, and are interpreted within the frame of past experiences and understandings acquired over the life course. Therefore, leeway should be given for individual consider­ations regarding the particularities of life arrangements in advanced age.

scholarly journals The Wealth of Immigrants: Expanding our Understanding of Immigrant Economic Integration in Canada

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberley J Dalgleish
Keyword(s):  
Economic Integration ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Asset Accumulation ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Recent Immigrant ◽  
Labour Market Outcomes ◽  
The Life Course

Wealth is a key feature of immigrants' successful economic integration in Canada, while more broadly contributing to their level of social inclusion and sense of self-efficacy throughout the life course. Yet, immigrant wealth has been largely ignored in the Canadian literature. Current analyses of immigrant economic integration focus primarily on labour market outcomes and growing earnings inequalities. This body of literature would be greatly enriched by strengthened understandings of immigrant savings, consumption, asset accumulation and investment. This paper thus brings together the fragmented and scarce literature related to immigrant wealth; consequently merging literatures from different fields and generating an important disucssion of the overarching issues affecting immigrant wealth in Canada. A critical review of the literature reveals that recent immigrant cohorts face increasing economic inequality compared to the Canadian born population and established immigrants, while wealth is increasingly polarized among recent immigrant groups. These trends have profound implications for the long-term economic well-being of immigrants in Canada, particularly as they reach retirement age.

SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOOD THROUGH SKILL DEVELOPMENT AMONG RURAL YOUTH: ROLE OF MICRO-FINANCE IN THE DEVELOPMENTAL PARADIGM

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-173
Author(s):  
Vikram Singh
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Skill Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Rural Youth ◽  
Inclusive Development ◽  
Sustainable Livelihood ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Societal Structure ◽  
Policy Shifts

This  article  attempts to  analyse  the  process  of  sustainable  livelihood  through skill development and its conceptual and theoretical understanding in India with reference to rural youth. In India skill development is demanded for economic growth and inclusive development; hence the rural population cannot be overlooked. Employable skills alone have not been able to generate sufficient employment among rural youth or address/promote well-being and sustainable livelihood. Various frameworks associated with skill development leave scope for reforms to strengthen the implementation of various policy shifts in respect of rural development and government/non-government organisations. The process of skill development for rural youth through the establishment of institutions, launch of policy/programmes and their linkages with micro-finance are considered, as the distinctive nature and features of micro-finance in relation to the forces of societal structure, social relationships, and social interactions leading towards collective interests and norms that shape the lives of rural youth. Lastly, analysis is done and conclusions drawn on the basis of discussion.

Social Capital and Sustainable Health Care: An Analysis of Community Based Palliative Care Model of Kerala

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Azeez. E.P
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Voluntary Organizations ◽  
Community Based ◽  
The Social ◽  
Palliative Care Units

Social Capital is the most crucial asset which significantly influence the efficacy and resilience of any community. Social capital is a dependent variable that depends upon the competence and coherence of the individuals in the community and mode of social relationships, trust and networks they maintain. It is one of the most sustainable social resources that originate from human relations and results on the mutual support of people. Utilization of Social capital has a wide applicability in the process of social inclusion, especially in dealing with the vulnerable and disadvantaged sections in the community itself. Voluntary organizations are very keen to utilize the social capital for community/social services and community development in a sustainable manner. Community based de-institutionalized Palliative Care is one of the foremost among such organizations that made social capital in a strategic way for social inclusion and community well being. This paper analyses the extent to which different elements of social capital helps in initiating the sustainable community based palliative care movement by assessing the unique intervention strategies carried out by the palliative care. This paper explores conceptual questions of how social capital and voluntary community based services are correlated. A case study method was adopted for the study in which ten palliative care units were analyzed. The results show that a number of social capital elements are playing a vital role in the sustainability of community palliative care movement in Kerala.

Social Protection, Adolescent Well-Being, and Development in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suman Verma
Keyword(s):  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Developmental Potential ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Social Protection Systems ◽  
Cycle Of Poverty ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Effective social protection policies are crucial to realizing adolescents’ rights, ensuring their well-being, breaking the cycle of poverty and vulnerability, and helping them realize their full developmental potential. Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) have extended social security coverage to ensure basic protections—while continuing to develop social protection systems. Social protection for LMIC adolescents in the context of gross violations of their basic rights is examined. Prevalence, consequences of protection rights violations, and the role and impact of social protection programs in ensuring enhanced opportunities for development and well-being among young people are discussed. Results demonstrate direct impacts (e.g., increased income, consumption, goods and services access; greater social inclusion; reduced household stress). LMICs need integrated social protection policy and program expansion if the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development is to be realized. With adolescent-centered policies and investments, governments can help adolescents realize their rights to a fulfilling and productive life.

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