Innovative Behaviour as a Determinant of Growth and Development of Small Enterprises

2020 ◽  
pp. 343-356
Author(s):  
Renata Lisowska
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Innovative Behaviour

scholarly journals The entrepreneur as human capital and its impact on the survival of Mypes

2019 ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
Mónica Sánchez ◽  
Xochitl Estrada ◽  
Silvia Ledesma ◽  
Miriam Fabiola González
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Micro And Small Enterprises ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Determining Factor

The analysis of micro and small enterprises in Mexico (mypes) is considered as a fundamental element due to its relevance in the economy. This paper focuses its study on companies that have closed operations and seeks to identify the main factors that strengthen or weaken their growth and development, particularly considering the Director and his performance as an important factor for this to occur. Among the results found, it stands out that the skills, abilities, experience and knowledge of the director or entrepreneur contribute greatly to the success or failure of a business, but above all, it was found that there are important functions of the mypes that are not performed, what which is an internal determining factor in the closure of companies, which makes it necessary for the directors of the mypes to be trained and supported by experts to carry out their functions, in addition to establishing governmental training and accompaniment strategies to strengthen to the micro-entrepreneur.

scholarly journals The impact of over-regulation on small enterprises

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 12-19
Author(s):  
Zeleke Worku
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Predictor Variables ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Municipal Services ◽  
Start Up ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Depth Interviews

Khale (2015), Marivate (2014) and Asah, Fatoki & Rungani (2015) have highlighted key obstacles of sustained growth and development in start-up enterprises in South Africa. All authors have shown that lack of efficient services, too much bureaucracy, over-regulation, lack of entrepreneurial skills and lack of good governance constitute key obstacles to growth and development in start-up enterprises. This paper is a result of a 3-year long survey (2012 to 2014) that was conducted in the City of Tshwane in order to identify and quantify key predictors of adequate municipal services that are routinely provided to customers who operate newly established small businesses in the Tshwane region of Gauteng Province in South Africa. Data was collected by using a structured, pre-tested and validated questionnaire of study from a stratified random sample of size 1, 058 small businesses. The aim of study was to assess the impact of over-regulation and bureaucracy on the long-term survival and viability in small enterprises. Data analyses were performed by using probit analysis and the Cox Proportional Hazards Model. Additional analyses were performed by using in-depth interviews. The study showed that there was a significant association between the perception of over-regulation and failure in small enterprises. The results showed that 74% of businesses that failed were operated by individuals who had the perception of over-regulation and too much bureaucracy. The corresponding figure for viable businesses was only 11%. The viability of businesses was significantly influenced by 3 predictor variables. These 3 influential predictor variables were: negative perception on the quality of municipal services provided to newly established businesses [Hazard Ratio = 3.58; P=0.000; 95% C. I. = (1.45, 5.46)], inappropriate policy [Hazard Ratio = 3.19; P=0.000; 95% C. I. = (1.39, 5.28)], and lack of tailor made training programmes directed at newly established small businesses [Hazard Ratio = 2.89; P=0.000; 95% C. I. = (1.24, 4.77)], in a decreasing order of strength. Similar findings were obtained from the analyses of in-depth interviews.

Innovative Behaviour of Rural Small Enterprises

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-34
Author(s):  
Karl W. Sandberg ◽  
Gerth Öhman
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Process Technology ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Product And Process Innovation ◽  
Innovative Behaviour ◽  
Product And Process ◽  
Marketing Methods

Small enterprises play an important role in developing sustainable employment and economic growth in rural areas. The role of innovation that can mobilise to render enterprises more dynamic and competitive is well known. The purpose of the study is to assess how responsible owners/managers of SEs relate to innovation. Managers were sampled from two categories: size and sector of rural SEs. The authors proposed a research model that suggested five factors that were found influential in previous research in the perception of innovative activity in rural SEs relating to product and process innovation development, market product, marketing methods, process technology and innovation, and ICT use. Empirical evidence is drawn from a survey of 40 SEs in Sweden. The research discusses implications emerging from the research factors and portrays a course for future research.

scholarly journals Professionalization of managerial functions in SMEs in Serbia with a special emphasis on the financial function

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 71-88
Author(s):  
Nenad Ravić ◽  
Marija Đekić ◽  
Nikola Radić
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
Managerial Knowledge ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
Financial Function

Managerial knowledge and skills are some of the most crucial factors of the survival and sustainability of small and medium enterprises. Achieving growth and development of small enterprises requires the implementation of a professional approach to management and to the organization. This paper shows the results of an empirical research carried out in the first half of 2020 by having applied the survey method. An e-questionnaire was designed for the purposes of this research and it was distributed to micro, small and medium enterprises and entrepreneurial stores in Serbia. The goal of the research was to examine the occurrence of professionalization of managerial functions in the SME sector in Serbia, with a special emphasis on the financial function. The research results have shown that professionalization of managerial functions in the SME sector of the Republic of Serbia is not sufficiently represented and that with an increase in the level of professionalization of managerial functions becomes a great potential for the promotion of the efficiency and effectiveness of management in small and medium enterprises.

An ultrastructural study of vegetative incompatibility in plants

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 436-437
Author(s):  
Randy Moore
Keyword(s):  
Ultrastructural Study ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Solanum Pennellii ◽  
Initial Product ◽  
Basic Aspect ◽  
Tissue Interactions ◽  
Graft Interface ◽  
Antigen Antibody ◽  
Standard Fixation

Cell and tissue interactions are a basic aspect of eukaryotic growth and development. While cell-to-cell interactions involving recognition and incompatibility have been studied extensively in animals, there is no known antigen-antibody reaction in plants and the recognition mechanisms operating in plant grafts have been virtually neglected.An ultrastructural study of the Sedum telephoides/Solanum pennellii graft was undertaken to define possible mechanisms of plant graft incompatibility. Grafts were surgically dissected from greenhouse grown plants at various times over 1-4 weeks and prepared for EM employing variations in the standard fixation and embedding procedure. Stock and scion adhere within 6 days after grafting. Following progressive cell senescence in both Sedum and Solanum, the graft interface appears as a band of 8-11 crushed cells after 2 weeks (Fig. 1, I). Trapped between the buckled cell walls are densely staining cytoplasmic remnants and residual starch grains, an initial product of wound reactions in plants.

Identification of calcium oxalate crystals in dried or fixed tobacco leaf

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 288-289
Author(s):  
Vicki L. Baliga ◽  
Mary Ellen Counts
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystals ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

Calcium is an important element in the growth and development of plants and one form of calcium is calcium oxalate. Calcium oxalate has been found in leaf seed, stem material plant tissue culture, fungi and lichen using one or more of the following methods—polarized light microscopy (PLM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and x-ray diffraction.Two methods are presented here for qualitatively estimating calcium oxalate in dried or fixed tobacco (Nicotiana) leaf from different stalk positions using PLM. SEM, coupled with energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry (EDS), and powder x-ray diffraction were used to verify that the crystals observed in the dried leaf with PLM were calcium oxalate.

SEM study of the morphological effects of kinetin and zeatin on the growth and development of the apical meristem in wheat

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 978-979
Author(s):  
G. M. Hutchins ◽  
J. S. Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Furfuryl Alcohol ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Morphological Development ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Chinese Spring Wheat ◽  
Sem Study ◽  
Moist Environment

Cytokinins are plant hormones that play a large and incompletely understood role in the life-cycle of plants. The goal of this study was to determine what roles cytokinins play in the morphological development of wheat. To achieve any real success in altering the development and growth of wheat, the cytokinins must be applied directly to the apical meristem, or spike of the plant. It is in this region that the plant cells are actively undergoing mitosis. Kinetin and Zeatin were the two cytokinins chosen for this experiment. Kinetin is an artificial hormone that was originally extracted from old or heated DNA. Kinetin is easily made from the reaction of adenine and furfuryl alcohol. Zeatin is a naturally occurring hormone found in corn, wheat, and many other plants.Chinese Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was used for this experiment. Prior to planting, the seeds were germinated in a moist environment for 72 hours.

Mechanisms of ethylene biosynthesis and response in plants

2015 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 61-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul B. Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Ethylene Biosynthesis ◽  
Unsaturated Hydrocarbon ◽  
Flower Senescence ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Step Process ◽  
Ethylene Response ◽  
Ethylene Signalling

Ethylene is the simplest unsaturated hydrocarbon, yet it has profound effects on plant growth and development, including many agriculturally important phenomena. Analysis of the mechanisms underlying ethylene biosynthesis and signalling have resulted in the elucidation of multistep mechanisms which at first glance appear simple, but in fact represent several levels of control to tightly regulate the level of production and response. Ethylene biosynthesis represents a two-step process that is regulated at both the transcriptional and post-translational levels, thus enabling plants to control the amount of ethylene produced with regard to promotion of responses such as climacteric flower senescence and fruit ripening. Ethylene production subsequently results in activation of the ethylene response, as ethylene accumulation will trigger the ethylene signalling pathway to activate ethylene-dependent transcription for promotion of the response and for resetting the pathway. A more detailed knowledge of the mechanisms underlying biosynthesis and the ethylene response will ultimately enable new approaches to be developed for control of the initiation and progression of ethylene-dependent developmental processes, many of which are of horticultural significance.

The Fundamentals of the Clinical Fellowship Experience

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (11) ◽  
pp. 81-85
Author(s):  
Melanie Hudson
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Clinical Skills ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Professional Experience ◽  
New Graduate ◽  
Independent Practitioner

The Clinical Fellowship Experience is described by the American Speech-Hearing-Language Association (ASHA) as the transition period from constant supervision to independent practitioner. It is typically the first paid professional experience for the new graduate, and may be in a setting with which the new clinician has little or even no significant practical experience. The mentor of a clinical fellow (CF) plays an important role in supporting the growth and development of this new professional in areas that extend beyond application of clinical skills and knowledge. This article discusses how the mentor may provide this support within a framework that facilitates the path to clinical independence.

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