scholarly journals Examining the Early Modern Canon: The English Short Title Catalogue and Large-Scale Patterns of Cultural Production

2021 ◽  
pp. 63-119
Author(s):  
Mikko Tolonen ◽  
Mark J. Hill ◽  
Ali Zeeshan Ijaz ◽  
Ville Vaara ◽  
Leo Lahti
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Cultural Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Analytical Potential ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
History Of ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Time Subject

AbstractThis chapter presents the findings of an ongoing digital project of the Helsinki Computational History Group at Helsinki Centre for Digital Humanities (HELDIG) focused on the history of eighteenth-century book publication. The authors have created a historical-biographical database based on The English Short-Title Catalogue (ESTC), a standard source for analytical bibliographic research, and extracted a data-driven canon which considers changes over time, subject-topics, top-works, authors, publishers, publication place, and materiality. This chapter provides both methodological and historical insights into the development of print and demonstrates the huge analytical potential of harmonized metadata catalogs. While quantitative analyses of the book trade were attempted before, they did not engage with the complex process of canon formation at such a large scale. The authors’ work highlights the formative role played by publishers in this process and the epistemological shift started at the end of the seventeenth century, when religious works were increasingly replaced by literary works. As the authors argue, this shift in the production and consumption of print allowed for a reinvention of the canon during the eighteenth century.

TWO HUNTERS, A MILKMAID AND THE FRENCH ‘REVOLUTIONARY’ CANON

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
JULIA DOE
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Performance History ◽  
Late Eighteenth Century ◽  
Late Eighteenth ◽  
History Of ◽  
Printed Music

ABSTRACTLarge-scale programming studies of French Revolutionary theatre confirm that the most frequently staged opera of the 1790s was not one of the politically charged, compositionally progressive works that have come to define the era for posterity, but rather a pastoral comedy from mid-century:Les deux chasseurs et la laitière(1763), with a score by Egidio Duni to a libretto by Louis Anseaume. This article draws upon both musical and archival evidence to establish an extended performance history ofLes deux chasseurs, and a more nuanced explanation for its enduring hold on the French lyric stage. I consider the pragmatic, legal and aesthetic factors contributing to the comedy's widespread adaptability, including its cosmopolitan musical idiom, scenographic simplicity and ready familiarity amongst consumers of printed music. More broadly, I address the advantages and limitations of corpus-based analysis with respect to delineating the operatic canon. In late eighteenth-century Paris, observers were already beginning to identify a chasm between their theatre-going experiences and the reactions of critics: Was a true piece of ‘Revolutionary’ theatre one that was heralded as emblematic of its time, or one, likeLes deux chasseurs, that was so frequently seen that it hardly elicited a mention in the printed record?

Slavery and the Making of Early American Libraries

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean D. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
British Literature ◽  
History Of The Book ◽  
British Identity ◽  
Atlantic Studies ◽  
Early American ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
History Of

Early American libraries stood at the nexus of two transatlantic branches of commerce—the book trade and the slave trade. Slavery and the Making of Early American Libraries bridges the study of these trades by demonstrating how Americans’ profits from slavery were reinvested in imported British books and providing evidence that the colonial book market was shaped, in part, by the demand of slave owners for metropolitan cultural capital. It makes these claims on the basis of recent scholarship on how participation in London cultural life was very expensive in the eighteenth century, and evidence that enslavers were therefore some of the few early Americans who could afford importing British cultural products. In doing so, this work merges the fields of the history of the book, Atlantic studies, and the study of race, arguing that the empire-wide circulation of British books was underwritten by the labor of the African diaspora. This book, accordingly, is the first in early American and eighteenth-century British studies to fuse our growing understanding of the material culture of the transatlantic text with our awareness of slavery as an economic and philanthropic basis for the production and consumption of knowledge. In studying the American dissemination of works of British literature and political thought, this book claims that Americans were seeking out the forms of citizenship, constitutional traditions, and rights that were the signature of that British identity. Even though they were purchasing the sovereignty of Anglo-Americans at the expense of African-Americans through these books, however, some colonials were also making the case for the abolition of slavery.

Health and Medicine in the Enlightenment

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. C. Spray
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
The Body ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Ordinary Life ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Mass Inoculation

This article discusses the transformation of medicine at the very end of the century and thus represents a shift both in the training of medical practitioners and in accounts of the body. The eighteenth century has been described as a time of increasing medicalization of Western societies. Though this is usually portrayed as a growth in the power of medical practitioners over ordinary life, in practice lay people may also understand it as an increasing embrace of the medical. The eighteenth century continues to be viewed as a critical period in the history of medicine, as the century when bodies became the subject of large-scale political intervention, from centralized responses to plague epidemics or mass inoculation programmes early in the century to the growing use of mortality tables at its end. To portray these knowledge projects in all their complexity, historians still need to embrace the full implications of treating eighteenth-century medical knowledge as a political enterprise.

scholarly journals The authentic balut: history, culture, and economy of a Philippine food icon

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Carinnes P. Alejandria ◽  
Tisha Isabelle M. De Vergara ◽  
Karla Patricia M. Colmenar
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
History Of ◽  
Key Industries

AbstractThe practice of making and eating fertilized duck eggs is a widely known practice in Asia. In the Philippines, “balut” is a popularly known Filipino delicacy which is made by incubating duck eggs for about 18 days. However, criticisms against its authenticity and the unstable demand for balut in the market pose challenges to the development of the Philippine balut industry. Consequently, this research aims to trace the history of balut production and consumption in the Philippines by specifically looking into the following. First, it explores the factors that contribute to the discovery and patronage of balut. Second, it identifies the localities that popularized the balut industry. Third, this includes the key industries that started the large scale production of balut. Fourth, it discusses the local ways of balut-making practices in the country. Lastly, it also provides an account of the ways of balut consumption. Through content analysis of secondary data, this research argues that balut remains an authentic Filipino food despite shared patronage in several Asian countries through the localized meanings associated with its consumption, preparation, and distribution.

Defining Ottoman Realism in the Uppsala Mecca Painting

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-245
Author(s):  
Deniz Beyazıt
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Landscape Composition ◽  
Linear Perspective ◽  
Power Struggles ◽  
Holy Places ◽  
History Of ◽  
Work Functions

Abstract This article analyzes a little-known painting of the sanctuary at Mecca in the Uppsala University Library, Sweden—one of the most sophisticated depictions of its kind. Datable to ca. 1700 and attributable to Cairo, the painting is among the earliest known depictions of the Holy Places in an illusionistic style with a bird’s-eye view, composed according to linear perspective. With minutely rendered details accompanied by more than seventy inscriptions, the work functions as an early map of Mecca. The Uppsala Mecca painting exemplifies the complexity of artistic exchange between Europe and the Ottoman world, which yielded highly original results. This discussion sheds light on the long, hybrid journey of Ottoman art towards realism, applied to a large-scale topographic landscape composition. The work marks a turning point in the history of Mecca painting and served as a model for European prints, through which the imagery spread all the way to East Asia. This study attempts to unravel the mysterious origins of the painting in the context of seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Egypt and the power struggles to control Egypt, the Hijaz, and the Hajj.

An Indian It-Narrative and the Problem of Circulation: Reconsidering a Useful Concept for Literary Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-396
Author(s):  
James Mulholland
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Literary Studies ◽  
Literary Study ◽  
Cultural Ideal ◽  
Publication History ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract For decades scholars have relied on the concept of circulation to explain the operation of texts and to animate the significance of literary studies. Its overuse has elided differences in the virtual relationships created by reading and has blurred empirical details about the production and consumption of texts. Circulation has been turned into a “widespread cultural ideal” and remains one of the least examined stipulations of literary study. For these reasons, reconsidering its role in literary study is essential. The eighteenth century was a vital period for the creation of a modern definition of circulation, so this essay returns to one especially pertinent case from that period, Helenus Scott’s it-narrative The Adventures of a Rupee (1782), which describes the movements of a rupee coin in the world economy. Attending to the linguistic form and publication history of Scott’s novel offers a model of circulation that emphasizes coagulation and stasis rather than liquidity, mobility, and flows. This model explains how texts repeat while altering preexisting forms of circulation, which has consequences for understanding how reading publics arise and reproduce themselves.

Introduction

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Fei-Hsien Wang
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Cultural Production ◽  
Copyright Law ◽  
Modern China ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Law

This chapter provides a background on the new conceptual framework on unveiling the intertwined history of copyright and piracy in modern China that most scholars and commentators have so far neglected to see. The law that defines what constitutes copyright and piracy are never merely legal matters, but practices and concepts formed and evolved in the specific local nexus of cultural production and consumption. The chapter also talks about the potential users of copyright legislations. Authors, translators, publishers, and booksellers may not have the authority to make copyright law, but they hold dear the ownership of books and are more deeply concerned than the rest of society with the issues of piracy. This book explores how authors, translators, publishers, and booksellers received, appropriated, practiced, and contested the very concept of copyright or banquan in Chinese, literally “right to printing blocks.”

Historical borders and maps as symbolic supports to master narratives and history education

2020 ◽  
pp. 095935432096222
Author(s):  
Cristian Parellada ◽  
Mario Carretero ◽  
María Rodríguez-Moneo
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Production ◽  
History Education ◽  
Border Studies ◽  
Historical Maps ◽  
Sociocultural Perspective ◽  
Master Narratives ◽  
History Of Cartography ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship

This article represents an attempt to establish a fruitful dialogue among the field of border studies, history education, sociocultural psychology, and the history of cartography. Seminal studies on borders have asserted that the historical maps included in textbooks are basically an imagined representation. This paper will consider the extent to which cultural and educational origins and uses of these maps, particularly in school settings, act as a support to historical essentialist views. Via the example of history education in Argentina, we carried out an empirical and theoretical examination of the processes of cultural production and consumption of historical maps and their relationship to historical master narratives. Results show that most laypeople largely think of national borders as possessing an essential and immutable character. We consider that closer study, from a sociocultural perspective, of the relationship between master narratives and historical maps may add an enriching element to the existing body of work produced by border studies.

scholarly journals Atmospheric rooms as experience in the space-time in an evolutionary museum- Alexander Dorner's exhibition design

2020 ◽  
pp. 48-49
Author(s):  
Marcelo Rafael de Carvalho ◽  
Mirtes Marins de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Rhode Island ◽  
Cultural Production ◽  
Exhibition Design ◽  
The United States ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Art Gallery ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
History Of ◽  
Museum School ◽  
Changes Over Time

In order to contribute to the studies of exhibition design, its practice and related fields, the aim of the article is to present and organize in ahistorical perspective some of the contributions and proposals made by Alexander Dorner (1893-1957), art historian, supporter of modern art. Dorner is recognized for his proposals carried out in the design of the exhibition of the rooms of the Landesmuseum in Hannover, Germany, after assuming its direction in the early 1920s. Later, he improved his conceptions when director of the Rhode Island Museum School of Design, in Providence, after immigrating to the United States in 1937. Dorner conceptions were of a living and dynamic museum, not a dead monument in an established way, limited only to a set of exhibition rooms for historical artifacts and artistic treasures closed in shop windows, a kind of deposit of objects. His exhibitions proposals consisted inenvironments for the works, spaces that he called “atmospheric rooms”. In these environments, the aim was to evoke the spirit of each period, in which the user, immersed, would have an opportunity to approach a visual and sensitive logic of the culture in which the works had been created. The idea was not to create a simple imitation of the period, but to allow sensations suggested by colors and shapes, gardens, images of historical exteriors placed over windows, using of devices such as speakers and headphones (for music and poetry of the time), molding a “body imaginary” through experience. In its conception, the museum should demonstrate the history of art and its aesthetic changes over time, as the artistic production of a previous time would allow the exercise of projecting the imagination in the past and updating it with the perspective of the present. This would allow the learning of history, giving more meaning to the present time and boosting and shaping the culture of the future, once the evolutionary connectivity of artistic and cultural production is understood.In order to exhibit the artist production of his time, in partnership with the Russian artist El Lissitzky (1890-1941), he built during 1927 and 1928 what would become known as the first permanent abstract art gallery in a museum, the Abstract Cabinet (Abstraktes Kabinett). With an areasmaller than twenty square meters, it had metal slats on its walls and, as visitors moved, offered a kind of optical illusion. Also sliding panels forcedthe public to manipulate and choose to reveal or hide certain paintings. Historical, theoretical research on exhibition design is the starting point for establishing a historical descriptive method to generate conceptual and morphological analysis parameters to characterizes an exhibition.

CATHERINE THE GREAT AND THE ROLE OF CELEBRATORY MUSIC AT THE COURT OF ANHALT-ZERBST

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
BARBARA M. REUL
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Sacred Music ◽  
New Music ◽  
Musical Life ◽  
Compositional Approach ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Town

As Empress of Russia, Catherine the Great (1729–1796) shaped not only history in general but also, as a member of its princely family, the history of Anhalt-Zerbst. Drawing upon little known eighteenth-century manuscripts housed at the Landeshauptarchiv of Saxony-Anhalt in Dessau and the Francisceumsbibliothek in Zerbst, this study assesses the impact of Catherine’s marriage in 1745 to Grand Duke Peter of Russia (1728–1762) on musical life at the court of Anhalt-Zerbst during and after the thirty-six-year tenure of Kapellmeister Johann Friedrich Fasch (1688–1758). First the role of music at the court prior to 1745 will be considered – specifically the ‘Concert-Stube’, an inventory of the Hofkapelle’s musical library prepared according to Fasch’s specifications in March 1743. The second section of this article focuses on the celebrations held at the court in 1745 on the occasion of Catherine the Great’s wedding. The Hofkapelle premiered a large-scale serenata by Fasch, the music to which has been lost. However, an examination of the extant libretto and of other music by Fasch that was performed at the court during the 1740s sheds light on the musical forces he would have employed and the compositional approach he might have taken. The Hofkapelle also performed a secular wedding cantata for bass solo and instruments by an anonymous composer as part of a spectacular fireworks display in three acts, the ‘Anhalt-Zerbstisches Freuden-Feuer’ (Fire of Joy), chronicled by Zerbst headmaster Johann Hoxa. Finally, it is possible to reconstruct a performance schedule of sacred music premiered in honour of Catherine the Great from 1746 to 1773. Despite Fasch’s death in 1758 and the Seven Years War, which led to the town of Zerbst being occupied by 16,000 Prussian soldiers for three years until 1761, new music was commissioned by the court from Fasch’s successor Johann Georg Röllig (1710–1790), Catherine the Great’s keyboard instructor at the court of Anhalt-Zerbst. He not only provided occasional compositions to commemorate her birthday and accession to the Russian throne but also composed a new cycle of Sunday cantatas to reflect the changing artistic priorities and practices of the Hofkapelle in the early 1760s.

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