Water Symbolism in Yorùbá Folklore and Culture1

Water is not only a physical substance; it is also an intrinsic part of peoples’ identity, cultural perception, religious beliefs and worldviews. Water is a relevant and a significant variable that is also germane to the understanding of Yorùbá peoples’ identity, culture and religion. Hence, this ethnographical and literary study examines the image of water in Yorùbá cosmology using folklore (oral texts) of the people as paradigms. It uses a field investigative method of research to elicit primary data from the people on the uses of water in diverse spheres of life. It supplements oral data with secondary data in the form of books, journal articles and archival materials. The data collected was analysed from the lenses of a hermeneutical-anthropological approach. The study found that water constitutes and creates cultural, social and religious identities among the Yorùbá people of southwestern Nigeria. In addition, it concludes that water represents one of the several ways through which the Yorùbá society can be best understood.

The Spirituality of St. Antony of Egypt: Lessons for Contemporary African Pentecostalism

This study is an examination of the spirituality of St Antony of Egypt. It examines the historical, intellectual, and religious context of St Antony’s life and ministry, including his worldview and how these inform his spirituality. The study is a literary study and utilizes existing primary and secondary source materials on Antony’s life, including his seven extant letters which are assessed as to their credibility. The study explores St Antony’s understanding and use of scripture, prayer, and spiritual warfare. From these, the study draws lessons relevant for contemporary African Pentecostalism. Keywords: Spirituality, St. Antony of Egypt, African Pentecostalism

Ein preußischer Postbeamter oder ein postmoderner Provokateur?

This article concerns itself with Gérard Genette’s reception in Germanophone literary study. Through an analysis of the rhetorical substrate from which Genette’s terminology draws its specific tension, the article determines that Genette is not only an excessive systematist, but also and simultaneously an author who battles received attempts at order and who foregrounds doubts about the idea of order. In this way, he displays a kinship with such theorists as Roland Barthes and Jacques Derrida. The receptions of the rhetorical construction of Genette’s texts and of the particular strategies of structuralism to which that construction refers did not occur synchronously in French, American, Russian, and German literary studies. The article demonstrates that, while German literary theory occasionally discusses Genette’s positioning within the field, there remains a general absence of the recognition that practically all of his books display a definite proximity to deconstruction, and that this proximity plays a central role in Genette’s enire theoretical edifice. This text is, last but not least, a call to read literary-theoretical texts in their aesthetic contexts.

DAMPAK PENERAPAN PEMBATASAN SOSIAL BERSKALA BESAR (PSBB) TERHADAP PENGHIDUPAN PEKERJA SEKTOR INFORMAL DI PROVINSI DKI JAKARTA

This research aims to explain the large scale social restriction (PSBB) on informal workers in DKI Jakarta province, and to formulate what efforts should be made to mitigate the negative impact of the PSBB. The collection of data in this study uses literary study methods whereby data retrieval is taken from existing media, such as online media and social media. Some of the things that have become the impact of the implementation of social restriction on large scale (PSBB) for informal workers in DKI Jakarta province is the number of workers who are in the paint to reduce the company spending, the buying power in the community is reduced so that the economic Theravada, and for workers who get money from working daily. From the conclusion of the results of this analysis is the government of DKI Jakarta play an important role in the service to the community in fulfilling the life of the community. Key words: Impact evaluation, large-scale social restrictions, Informal sector

Hermeneutics, Practical Wisdom, and Cognitive Poetics

It may seem trivial to stress that our background knowledge is essential for literary interpretation, but what about practical wisdom, the inarticulable background knowledge? Can we articulate all the things that we know and are able to do in literary interpretation? Are we fully aware of all the assumptions behind our literary arguments? Instead of generally reflecting the status of hermeneutics at a macro-level, this essay argues that one way for hermeneutics to remain meaningful today is not to be tried as a theoretical whole, but as a source of sporadic inspiring arguments. To show that, at a micro-level, we can evaluate the strength of these arguments case by case without generalizing, we analyze from a cognitive perspective Gadamer’s argument that practical wisdom is crucial for literary interpretation. Using cognitive science to provide insights for literary study does not make the latter subservient to the former. Rather, cognitive poetics is a two-way street where each field complements the other by providing hypotheses and functioning as a testing ground. By demonstrating that we know more than we can tell in literary interpretation and that the three features Aristotle and Gadamer attribute to practical wisdom (contingent, inarticulable, and only learnable through experience) are at least tentatively empirically justified, this essay argues that hermeneutics has offered a noteworthy example for the two-way street of cognitive poetics.

Classroom Action Research on Thematic-Designed Online Learning for Contemporary Japanese Literature

This study aims to implement contemporary Japanese literature learning with thematic designs as a learning strategy for 60 students in literary study classes (Poetry, Prose, and Drama) at Darma Persada University that were conducted online during the pandemic. This study was conducted using Kurt Lewin's Classroom Action Research model consisting of planning, acting, observing, and reflecting; particularly for the observing section, the assessment was measured using two indicators based on students’ understanding of the material and satisfaction with online learning. Data was collected using questionnaires and filled out via google form. The findings of this study indicate the level of student understanding of the material, the constraints of online learning, and feedback from experts. The findings are useful for improving Japanese literature learning, to be more precisely during the online course

STRATEGY IN DEVELOPING HUMAN RESOURCE COMPETENCY IN VUCA WORLD ERA (A Case Study in PPSDM Ministry of Home Affairs Makassar Region)

Human Resources (HR) is one of the crucial factors which cannot be separated from an organization. In this era, developing HR is in VUCA World (Volatile, Uncertain, Complex, Ambiguous) is a challenge that an institution must deal with. State Civil Apparatus competency development institute, particularly in the Ministry of Home Affairs, is PPSDM in Makassar Region. The strategy for developing competency in the VUCA world era is a vital task. The method used in this research is literary study, while the research location is in PPSDM of the Ministry of Home Affairs Makassar Region. The present research result is that the correct strategy to develop state civil apparatus competency corresponding to Coronavirus Pandemic is to employ digital service (digitalization) through optimizing institutional and program activities to face the VUCA world. This method was applied to support LMS (Learning Management System) in PPSDM of the Ministry of Home Affairs Makassar Region creatively and innovatively. It is supported by a synergic inter-institutional managerial system and learning organization; subsequently, it holds on training rate indicator concept and learning concepts corresponding to the current circumstances by involving all stakeholders.

A literary study of purvarupa (prodromal features ) w. s. r. to prameha vyadhi purvarupa.

In Ayurvedic science, diagnosis of the disease is done with help of Nidan Panchakaaa. In five-fold examination, Purvarupa is one of the component parts of Nidan Panchaka. Purvarupa means Prodromal features of diseases. Any disease does not appear suddenly. Time taken between etiological factors intake to the appearance of specific disease is of Purvarupa. They are premonitory features that manifest before the actual emergence of disease. These symptoms could be doshik or adoshik. Purvarupa are of two types, general and specific. Careful understanding of Purvarupa helps in the differential diagnosis of diseases. Purvarupa also helps to determine the prognosis of any disease. The appearance of all Purvarupa of any disease is considered a bad prognosis because it means the disease is incurable. At Purvarupa stage, treatment modalities for any disease are simpler or easier. So the knowledge of Purvarupa is essential. In samhitas the Purvarupa (Prodromal features )of Prameha vyadhi is described very well. As the Prameha vyadhi is asadhya in its chronic stage as well as it may cause many serious complications if it is not treated and controlled in the early stage, it is very important to know the disease in very primary stage.This is possible by detecting the prameha Purvarupas in patient earlier. So that we can diagnose this stage and can prevent developing it further in vyaktavastha. So in this review study, an attempt is made to elaborate on the importance of Purvarupas and to compile the Purvarupas of Prameha from all ayurvedic samhitas.