Infectious Colitis

2021 ◽  
pp. 865-877
Author(s):  
Craig A. Reickert ◽  
Maher A. Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Colitis

Transfer of resistance against reinfection in experimental infectious colitis by CD4+ Th1 cells

2005 ◽  
Vol 43 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Ross ◽  
T Kucharzik ◽  
W Domschke ◽  
TW Spahn
Keyword(s):  
Th1 Cells ◽  
Infectious Colitis

Does infectious colitis need endoscopy?

1984 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
John L. Meisel
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Colitis

scholarly journals 247. Validation of the Use of Oral Vancomycin Following Positive Admission Screening Testing for C. difficile

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S123-S123
Author(s):  
Preethi Yeturu ◽  
Jorge P Parada ◽  
Maressa Santarossa ◽  
Laurie Labuszewski ◽  
Jenna Lopez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical History ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Infectious Colitis ◽  
First Line Therapy ◽  
Clostridioides Difficile ◽  
Admission Screening ◽  
Positive Stool ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract Background Clostridioides difficile can cause a severe infectious colitis and is often associated with significant morbidity and mortality. C. difficile infection (CDI) is defined as the presence of diarrhea plus a positive stool test, whereas C. difficile colonization is defined as a positive stool test in the absence of diarrhea or the presence of diarrhea attributable to causes other than CDI. Widespread use of stool polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing, especially within the first 3 days of admission, has become common at our institution and has been associated with increased number of positive C. difficile tests results. However, C. difficile colonization rates may be 15% or higher. Oral (PO) vancomycin (vanc) is first line therapy for the treatment of CDI. We sought to evaluate the appropriateness of use of PO vanc in patients who tested positive for C. difficile via stool PCR within 3 days of admission. Methods We reviewed the clinical history, presence of diarrhea, risk factors for diarrhea, treatment and use of an infectious disease (ID) consultation for all patients 18 years of age or older found to test positive for C. difficile by PCR on stool assays during the first 3 days of admission from 07/01/18 to 12/31/18. Results A total of 228 patients met inclusion criteria. 183 (80%) received PO vanc while 45 (20%) did not. 131 (71.6%) of patients who received PO vanc had diarrhea, 39 (21.3%) did not have diarrhea, 13 (7.1%) the presence of diarrhea was unknown. 41 of 143 (28.7%) of patients without ID consults received PO vanc despite not having diarrhea, while 11 of 40 (27.5%) patients seen by ID received PO vanc despite not having diarrhea (p=0.888). Conclusion Most patients who tested positive for C. difficile received PO vanc had documented diarrhea, meeting the definition of CDI. However, over 1 in 5 (21.3%) of patients who received PO vanc did not have diarrhea and may have been colonized rather than have true CDI. ID consultation did not decrease the number of patients without diarrhea who received PO vanc or prevent treatment of colonized patients. This work reveals there may be an opportunity for improvement regarding management of CDI vs. C. difficile colonization which may enhance antibiotic stewardship and the appropriate use of PO vanc. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

Infectious colitis endoscopically simulating inflammatory bowel disease: a prospective evaluation

1983 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis J. Tedesco ◽  
Richard D. Hardin ◽  
Robert N. Harper ◽  
Barbara H. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Prospective Evaluation ◽  
Infectious Colitis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Evaluation of Human Fecal Calprotectin Detection Kits and Their Potential use as Non-Invasive Intestinal Biomarker of Infectious Enterocolitis in Pigs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jéssica Barbosa ◽  
Lucas Rodrigues ◽  
Daniel Columbus ◽  
Juan Aguirre ◽  
John Harding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Sandwich Elisa ◽  
Fecal Calprotectin ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Dipstick Test ◽  
Infectious Colitis ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Infectious Enterocolitis

Abstract Background: Fecal calprotectin is largely applied as a non-invasive intestinal inflammation biomarker in human medicine. Previous studies in pigs investigated the levels of fecal calprotectin in healthy animals only. Thus, there is a knowledge gap regarding its application during infectious diarrhea. This study investigated the usefulness of fecal calprotectin as a biomarker of intestinal inflammation in Brachyspira hyodysenteriae and Salmonella Typhimurium infected pigs. Results: Fecal samples from pigs with colitis (n=18) were collected from animals experimentally inoculated with B. hyodysenteriae G44 or from sham-inoculated controls. Fecal samples from pigs with enteritis (n=14) were collected from animals inoculated with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium or from sham-inoculated controls. For both groups, fecal samples were scored as: 0 = normal; 1 = soft, wet cement; 2 = watery feces; 3 = mucoid diarrhea; and 4 = bloody diarrhea. Fecal calprotectin levels were assayed using a sandwich ELISA, a turbidimetric immunoassay and a point-of-care dipstick test. Fecal calprotectin levels were greater in colitis samples scoring 4 versus ≤ 4 using ELISA, and in feces scoring 3 and 4 versus ≤ 1 using immunoturbidimetry (P < 0.05). No differences were found in calprotectin concentration among fecal scores for enteritis samples, regardless of the assay used. All samples were found below detection limits using the dipstick method.Conclusions: Fecal calprotectin is a potential non-invasive biomarker of infectious colitis, but it is not suitable for detection of enteritis. While practical, the use of commercially available human presents sensitivity limitations. Further studies are needed to validate the field application of calprotectin as a marker.

scholarly journals Primary cytomegalovirus infectious colitis complicating Crohn's disease successfully treated with oral valganciclovir

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venkataraman Subramanian ◽  
Caroline Finlayson ◽  
Thomas Harrison ◽  
Phillip Rice ◽  
Richard Pollok
Keyword(s):  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Infectious Colitis ◽  
Oral Valganciclovir

Infectious colitis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Marie Brisson ◽  
Alexandra Medellin, MD
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Colitis

Pathophysiology and Diagnosis of Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn Disease

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia B. Greer ◽  
Miguel D. Regueiro
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Crohn Disease ◽  
Extraintestinal Manifestations ◽  
Infectious Colitis ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Computed Tomographic Scan ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Toxic Colitis

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses both ulcerative colitis and Crohn disease, and is characterized by recurrent bouts of inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. IBD affects approximately 4 million people worldwide, and rates are gradually increasing. This review covers the etiology, epidemiology, definition and pathophysiology, extraintestinal manifestations, and other disease-related complications of IBD. Figures show the distribution of ulcerative colitis and Crohn disease by location, several colonoscopic photographs of patients with ulcerative colitis as well as those with Crohn disease, computed tomography images of patients with Crohn disease, small bowel follow-through and fluoroscopic spot images of a patient with chronic structuring Crohn disease, and a computed tomographic scan showing extraenteric manifestations of Crohn disease. Tables list the differential diagnosis of ulcerative colitis, types of infectious colitis, complications of IBD, diagnostic criteria of toxic colitis, physical signs of Crohn disease, differences between Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis, and common extraintestinal manifestations of IBD. This review contains 11 highly rendered figures, 7 tables, and 63 references.

Fungal xenosiderophores from mycobiota and diet promote Salmonella colonization of the inflamed gut

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Santus ◽  
Amisha Rana ◽  
Jason Devlin ◽  
Kaitlyn Kiernan ◽  
Carol Jacob ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhimurium ◽  
Competitive Growth ◽  
Infectious Colitis ◽  
Functional Relationships ◽  
Siderophore Receptors ◽  
Serovar Typhimurium ◽  
Intestinal Pathogen ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

Abstract The fungal gut microbiota (mycobiota) has been implicated in diseases that disturb gut homeostasis. However, little is known about functional relationships between bacteria and fungi in the gut during infectious colitis. We investigated the role of fungal metabolites during infection with the intestinal pathogen Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. We found that in the gut lumen, both the mycobiota and fungi present in the diet can be a source of siderophores, small molecules that scavenge iron from the host. The ability to use fungal siderophores, such as ferrichrome and coprogen, conferred a competitive growth advantage to Salmonella strains expressing the fungal siderophore receptors FhuA or FhuE in vitro and in a mouse model. Our study highlights the role of inter-kingdom cross-feeding between fungi and Salmonella, and elucidates a new function for the gut mycobiota, revealing the importance of these under-studied members of the gut ecosystem during bacterial infection.

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