Applications and Implications of the Brazilian Ergonomics Regulatory Standard (NR17)

2021 ◽  
pp. 767-774
Author(s):  
Lia Buarque de Macedo Guimarães ◽  
Marcia Gemari Derenevich ◽  
Rosimeire Sedrez Bitencourt
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory Standard

scholarly journals A Case Study On Predicting The Environmental Impacts Of Untreated Effluent Generated From Tannery Industrial Estate In Dhaka, Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 22-31
Author(s):  
Shakil A. Masum ◽  
Md. Sultanul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Discharge Rate ◽  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
Elevated Concentration ◽  
Natural Ecosystem ◽  
Industrial Site ◽  
Discharge Rates ◽  
Regulatory Standard ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Recommended Guidelines

Significant amounts of heavy metals in the directly discharged wastewater released from the newly built tannery industrial site in Dhaka, Bangladesh are reported. Despite their detrimental impacts on public health and natural ecosystem, no environmental impact study is yet conducted. Therefore, information on safe discharge rates are not available. In this study, the extent of pollution around the industrial site is investigated for four representative trace metals. Temporal and spatial distributions of chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) have been predicted using a numerical model with the aim to estimate safe discharge of these metal contaminants. From multiple simulation runs it has been estimated that a discharge of0.026 m3 of wastewater per day can lead to high levels of Cr and Pb accumulation, exceeding the regulatory standard limits, in the study area. Whilst As and Cd concentrations remain below the advised limits in most cases at this rate. However, an order of magnitude reduction in the total discharge rate, i.e.,0.0026 m3 per day, results into the metal accumulation below the recommended guidelines in all cases. Elevated concentration of Pb is found to be limited to the top 0.5 m of the soil as compared to Cr, As and Cd, which exhibit larger spread along the depth of the soil. The relative dominance of the metal contamination follows the sequence: Pb>Cr>As>Cd as sorbed concentration in soil aggregates and Cr>Pb>As>Cd as aqueous concentration in soil porewater. Further investigations that are essential for a comprehensive environmental impact assessment have been highlighted.

scholarly journals Point-of-Use Detection of Environmental Fluoride via a Cell-Free Riboswitch-Based Biosensor

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Thavarajah ◽  
Adam D. Silverman ◽  
Matthew S. Verosloff ◽  
Nancy Kelley-Loughnane ◽  
Michael C. Jewett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Source ◽  
Free System ◽  
Molecular Systems ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Point Of Use ◽  
Regulatory Standard ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Global Concern ◽  
Dna Template

AbstractAdvances in biosensor engineering have enabled the design of programmable molecular systems to detect a range of pathogens, nucleic acids, and chemicals. Here, we engineer and field-test a biosensor for fluoride, a major groundwater contaminant of global concern. The sensor consists of a cell-free system containing a DNA template that encodes a fluoride-responsive riboswitch regulating genes that produce a fluorescent or colorimetric output. Individual reactions can be lyophilized for long-term storage and detect fluoride at levels above 2 parts per million, the EPA’s most stringent regulatory standard, in both laboratory and field conditions. Through onsite detection of fluoride in a real-world water source, this work provides a critical proof-of-principle for the future engineering of riboswitches and other biosensors to address challenges for global health and the environment.

scholarly journals Engineering Analysis of Cost to Protect Workers from Diacetyl Exposure and the Economic Benefit of Noncompliance

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Drew Peake ◽  
Greg Hait
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Drug Administration ◽  
Economic Benefit ◽  
Food And Drug Administration ◽  
Engineering Analysis ◽  
Regulatory Standard ◽  
Substitute Products ◽  
The U.S

Large commercial bakeries use artificial butter flavor (containing diacetyl) in its recipes, and have for more than 40 years. In 2012, a health-based exposure threshold was published for diacetyl by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH). Bakery managers typically knew what was necessary to protect workers from exposure. However, for a variety of reasons, most did little to control exposure: The Food and Drug Administration said diacetyl was generally recognized as safe; substitute products had not been demonstrated as less harmful; and no regulatory standard had been established. This study develops the costs that would have been necessary to protect workers, using the U.S. EPA model (known as BEN) to calculate the economic benefit of noncompliance, and offers a characterization of the profit incentive to place workers at risk.

Study on Requirements to be Fulfilled With Rules for Repair Replacement Activities in JSME Code on Fitness-for-Service

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Nishikawa ◽  
Koji Dozaki ◽  
Koji Koyama ◽  
Kazuyuki Asada
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory Authority ◽  
Task Group ◽  
Japan Society ◽  
Regulatory Standards ◽  
Regulatory Standard ◽  
A Priority ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Service Inspection

Rules on Repair Replacement Activities (RRA) have been incorporated in Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers (JSME) Code on Fitness-For-Service (FFS) since its 2004 edition. Since then, it has been a priority to clearly identify the RRA rules that should be endorsed by the regulatory authority, in addition to better organizing the relationship among inspection, flaw evaluation and RRA rules, especially inspection and flaw evaluation prior to RRA. A Task Group on development of RRA rules was organized under Subcommittee on JSME code on fitness-for-service to develop more organized RRA rules. In this paper, requirements for RRA rules, and related inspection and flaw evaluation rules that were studied in that Task Group (TG), are described. Discussion results of the TG contain two parts as follows. 1) Improving conformance of RRA rules to regulatory standard. Desirable conformance of some typical patterns of RRA to classified requirements of regulatory standards was discussed. Several cases of conformance were derived from this discussion. It was shown that individual RRA methods were classified into one or two of these conformance cases. 2) Identifying the relationship among RRA, inspection, and flaw evaluation rules. Desirable flow of inspection, flaw evaluation and RRA rules was illustrated at first. Based on a comparison between this flowchart and present RRA rules, pre-service/in-service inspection and flaw evaluation rules prior to RRA were picked out for development with the highest priority.

A comparative study of retail banking practices in compliance with regulatory standard

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 808-835
Author(s):  
Suman Mittal ◽  
Krishan K. Garg ◽  
Renu Aggarwal
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Retail Banking ◽  
Customer Relationship ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Regulatory Standard ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Customer Services ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The Indian banking industry has undergone many changes with the advent of changing economic environment in the country. Many changes have taken place in terms of customer services, work culture, infrastructure, approach to sales and customer relationship management amongst others. This paper aims to attempt to evaluate the adherence of BCSBI code by the banks. Customer perception has been evaluated to analyse the adherence of the code. Also, the authors have tried to evaluate the impact of customer type (mass and class customers) and bank type (based on bank ownership- private and public banks) on the compliance of the code by the bankers or minimum regulatory requirements with respect to customer services. Questionnaire has been developed as per the Banking Code and Standard Board of India (a customer services cell of Reserve Bank of India), and BCSBI has been used as a regulatory standard to compare the level of compliance by the banks. Design/methodology/approach Primary data have been collected from private and public sector banks. In the first step, instrument validity and reliability has been checked by using structural equation modelling; in the second step, descriptive statistics has been used to know the extent of fulfillment of standard by banks; and in the third step, a two-way multivariate analysis of variances has been used to do the comparative analyses of the respondents data. Findings The overall finding of the research shows that overall adherence of the dimension of code are not in sync with the objective of the code. Study also has shown the mindset of the Indian bankers that how they predominantly serve the class customers and push those products to the customers which are target based or earn profitability for the banks and incentives for the banker. Private banks are ahead in compliance with respect to the customer services, but they are also ahead in sales malpractices. Practical implications This study is an eye opener for the regulators, as per BCSBI regulations, surprise supervision take place every year, but this study shows the ineffectiveness of that supervision. Following the BCSBI norms by the banks is just eyewash of regulators, but all the norms are fulfilled only in papers but not in actual practice. Originality/value The research paper is original piece of work; the researcher did not find any study related to BCSBI code in Indian as well as in international literature.

Lessons from the Junket Business in Atlantic City and in Macao

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-95
Author(s):  
Carlos Siu Lam
Keyword(s):  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Atlantic City ◽  
Regional Market ◽  
Regulatory Standard ◽  
Nearby Region ◽  
The Us ◽  
Research Interview ◽  
The Face ◽  
Gambling Market ◽  
National Economies

Although junket operators can help casino operators secure business from premium patrons, there has been limited study of this topic in the academic literature. Recent junket business developments in Atlantic City (the most strictly regulated jurisdiction in the US), and in Macao (the world’s largest gambling market) have led to new insights and understandings of the junket business, and this paper identifies key lessons learned from these two major casino markets. The qualitative research interview was adopted due to the under-researched nature of the junket business. This study is based on the institutional theory to analyze human interactions and activities in terms of overt or implicit rules involved in the junket business. A review of the literature and interview findings indicates that junket operators may play a more important role with the economic slowdown, since their business is focused on bringing patrons from strong regional or national economies. This can be achieved by adopting certain location-specific strategies to match changes in the regional market. Diversified product offerings, rather than price reductions, are critical to entice premium patrons in the face of increasing casinos in nearby region. Despite the economic contribution of the junket business, some junket practices might be perceived as exploitative of patrons. Apart from the appropriate balance between the public policy to minimize social costs and an appropriate regulatory standard, a jurisdiction needs to consider such local contexts as its unique culture and junket operators’ intention to promote their interest, in order to better regulate the junket business.

TECHNICAL PROPOSAL FOR ADAPTING CONVENTIONAL MILLING MACHINE TO BRAZILIAN REGULATORY STANDARD NR12

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
RAMON OLIVEIRA BORGES DOS SANTOS ◽  
LUIZ FELIPE FREIRE HONORATO ◽  
HENRIQUE CESAR SAMPAIO ◽  
PEDRO HENRIQUE COLMAN PRADO
Keyword(s):  
Work Environment ◽  
Production Line ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Milling Machine ◽  
Industrial Equipment ◽  
Brazilian Legislation ◽  
Regulatory Standards ◽  
Regulatory Standard

Industrial equipment and machine tools have major causes of accidents in the industrial sector, and in order to seek to offer a work environment that guarantees the health and physical and emotional integrity of workers, this study purpose to analyze a conventional milling machine in order to identify the risks and damages that it presents to its operator. Listed the accident risks, based on the brazilian regulatory standards, this is regulatory standard with specific name of NR 12, to propose improvements to reduce the risks of accidents in machine rotative. By identifying the possibility of adapting the equipment to brazilian legislation, it makes it safer for the worker and ensures that its operation will not be impaired. NR 12 can be established as a guarantee of security for employees when handling their equipment on a production line or in the operating area. Some standards contained in the cluster of brazilian regulatory standards will be cited to exemplify how the inclusion of this law is necessary and mandatory for the safety of all employees.,

scholarly journals Hormesis, hotspots and emissions trading

2004 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 289-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan B Wiener
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Economics ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Emissions Trading ◽  
Environmental Law ◽  
Performance Standards ◽  
Instrument Choice ◽  
Regulatory Standard ◽  
Choice Analysis ◽  
Emissions Taxes ◽  
Local Emissions

Instrument choice - the comparison of technology standards, performance standards, taxes and tradable permits - has been a major topic in environmental law and environmental economics. Most analyses assume that emissions and health effects are positively and linearly related. If they are not, this complicates the instrument choice analysis. This article analyses the effects of a nonlinear dose-response function on instrument choice. In particular, it examines the effects of hormesis (highdose harm but low-dose benefit) on the choice between fixed performance standards and tradable emissions permits. First, the article distinguishes the effects of hormesis from the effects of local emissions. Hormesis is an attribute of the dose-response or exposure-response relationship. Hotspots are an attribute of the emissions-exposure relationship. Some pollutants may be hormetic and cause local emissions-exposure effects; others may be hormetic without causing local emissionsexposure effects. It is only the local exposure effects of emissions that pose a problem for emissions trading. Secondly, the article shows that the conditions under which emissions trading would perform less well or even perversely under hormesis, depend on how stringent a level of protection is set. Only when the regulatory standard is set at the nadir of the hormetic curve would emissions trading be seriously perverse (assuming other restrictive conditions as well), and such a standard is unlikely. Moreover, the benefits of the overall programme may justify the risk of small perverse effects around this nadir. Thirdly, the article argues that hotspots can be of concern for two distinct reasons, harmfulness and fairness. Lastly, the paper argues that the solution to these problems may not be to abandon market-based incentive instruments and their cost-effectiveness gains, but to improve them further by moving from emissions trading and emissions taxes to risk trading and risk taxes. In short, the article argues that hormesis does not pose a general obstacle to emissions trading or emissions taxes, but that in those cases where hormesis does pose such a problem, a shift toward risk trading or risk taxes would be the superior route.

Broadening the concept of temperament: From disposition to hypothetical construct

1990 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 287-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Eliasz
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Relational Approach ◽  
Hypothetical Construct ◽  
Regulatory Standard ◽  
Degree Of Differentiation ◽  
Open Question

This article discusses the personological vs. relational approach to temperament. The first approach, which views temperament as a relatively permanent and cross‐situationally consistent disposition, is dominant. The present article presents arguments in favour of broadening the concept of temperament. This newly broadened concept will also include relatively stable determinants of behaviour dynamics specific to certain classes of situations. Moreover, temperament is defined as an element of the system of stimulation regulation. Temperament is viewed as a hypothetical construct. The surplus meaning characteristic of such hypothetical constructs is associated in this case with optimum stimulation as a regulatory standard, and with properties of the system of stimulation regulation. It is also connected with the open question of the degree of differentiation of temperament dimensions.

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