Controlling of Steel-Pipe-Based Hydraulic Systems Using Dual In-Series Polymeric Short-Sections

2021 ◽  
pp. 95-104
Author(s):  
Mounir Trabelsi ◽  
Ali Triki
Keyword(s):  
Steel Pipe ◽  
Hydraulic Systems ◽  
In Series

Benchmarking the Dual and Compound Techniques-Based Branching Design Strategy Used for Upgrading of Pressurized Hydraulic Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Waêl Ben Amira ◽  
Ali Triki
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Wave ◽  
Plastic Material ◽  
Conventional Technique ◽  
Steel Pipe ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Piping System ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Hydraulic Systems ◽  
Transient Pressure ◽  
Pipe Flow Model

Abstract Prior research has recognized that the compound- and dual-technique-based branching redesign measures, used as alternatives to the conventional technique-based one, were effective in upgrading steel pipe-based pressurized hydraulic systems. Principally, the compound technique used two different plastic material types for the short-penstock instead of the single material type utilized in the conventional technique. However, the dual technique is based on splitting the single penstock installed in the conventional technique into a set of dual subpenstocks placed at each connection of the main-piping system to hydraulic parts. This handling aimed at improving the conventional technique efficiency with regard to the tradeoff between the magnitude attenuation and period expansion effects of the transient pressure-wave signal. Accordingly, this study proposed a comprehensive comparison between the compound- and dual-technique-based branching strategy with particular focus on the tradeoff between the two last parameters. The plastic material types demonstrated in this study included the high- or low-density polyethylene. The application addressed a waterhammer maneuver initiated into a reservoir-steel-pipe-valve system. Numerical computations used the method of characteristics for the discretization of the 1D extended pressurized-pipe flow model, embedding the Kelvin–Voigt and Vitkovsky formulations. The finding of this study suggested that the high- or low-density polyethylene (HDPE–LDPE) setup of the compound technique is the most prominent protected system setup, providing an acceptable tradeoff between the attenuation of magnitude and the expansion of the period of pressure-wave oscillation.

Design and Evaluation of a Knee Actuator for a Dynamic Knee-Ankle-Foot Orthosis

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Tian ◽  
Mohammad Elahinia ◽  
Mohamed Samir Hefzy
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Gait Cycle ◽  
Gait Pattern ◽  
Walking Ability ◽  
Hydraulic Systems ◽  
Walking Gait ◽  
Normal Knee ◽  
Actuation System ◽  
Normal Gait ◽  
In Series

Dynamic KAFOs are developed to recover the normal walking ability during both stance and swing phases. Three types of dynamic KAFOs have been reported in the literature. Various actuation mechanisms including spring, pneumatic and hydraulic systems have been used. These devices can improve walking disability and compensate lower leg muscle deficiency. However, they are bulky, in some cases need complex control systems and do not recreate the normal gait pattern. These shortcomings have limited the application of dynamic KAFOs in daily life. The purpose of this paper is to develop a novel knee actuator for a dynamic KAFO that is actuated easily by employing shape memory materials. Such an actuation system makes the KAFO lightweight and has a greater potential to restore the normal gait. Torsional superelastic alloys are used in this actuator in order to match the stiffness of the knee joint of the KAFO with that of a normal knee joint during the walking gait cycle. There are two distinct parts in the knee actuator, acting independently to mimic the two phases of the gait cycle. One engages only in the stance phase and the other works in the swing phase. Each part is developed by combining a superelastic rod and a stiff rotary spring, in series. According to numerical simulation, such combination reproduces the varying knee stiffness during the whole walking gait. Also mechanical experiments have been conducted to further verify the conceptual design. The simulation and experimental results show that the actuator is able to reproduce the stiffness of the normal knee joint during the gait cycle.

scholarly journals Comparative assessment of the inline and branching design strategies based on the compound technique

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Triki
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Wave ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Steel Pipe ◽  
Hydraulic Systems ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Dead End ◽  
Significant Attenuation ◽  
Pressure Magnitude ◽  
Short Section

Abstract The inline or branching water hammer control strategies, which are based on the insertion of compound plastic short-penstock or inline section at the transient-induced region of main pipes, illustrated a promising ability to upgrade steel pipe-based hydraulic systems concerning the extension of admissible pressure level. In this respect, prior results suggested that the specific layout utilizing an (HDPE–LDPE) compound short-penstock (where the (HDPE) sub-short-penstock is attached to the main steel pipe and the (LDPE) sub-short-penstock corresponds to the short-penstock dead-end side) provided significant attenuation of pressure magnitude. Concurrently, recent studies concluded that the (HDPE–LDPE) compound short-section-based inline strategy provided substantial attenuation of pressure magnitude. However, these strategies illustrated a drawback relying on the expansion of the period of pressure wave oscillations. Accordingly, this study assessed and compared the capacities of the compound technique concerning the trade-off between the magnitude-attenuation and the period-expansion of pressure wave oscillations. The findings of these analyses showed that the (HDPE–LDPE) compound short-penstock particular setup of the branching strategy allowed the best trade-off between the attenuation of magnitude and the period expansion of pressure wave oscillations. Furthermore, results showed the competitiveness of the latter upgrading strategy as compared to the (HDPE) or (LDPE) main pipe-based renewed hydraulic systems.

Implementation of Expert System Modeling to Thermal-Hydraulic Design of Hydraulic Systems

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali H. Tarrad ◽  
Rafea A. Al-Baldawi ◽  
Ahmad A. Al-Issa
Keyword(s):  
Expert System ◽  
Hydraulic System ◽  
System Modeling ◽  
Hydraulic Systems ◽  
Human Errors ◽  
Hydraulic Unit ◽  
Thermal Fields ◽  
Basic Language ◽  
In Series ◽  
Visual Basic Language

Thermal and hydrodynamic concepts are of a vital importance; therefore their assessments are unavoidable for the purpose of hydraulic systems. The present study implements the practical updated knowledge of the expertise for both of the hydraulic and thermal fields in an expert system model. This is implemented in order to improve the performance of hydraulic system by considering the thermal effect on the hydraulic system operation. Accordingly, a computer program (Hydraulic System Calculations), designated as (HSC) implements a Visual Basic language in the Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 software has been built. Regardless of the design requirements, the code is capable to deal with (18) possible connection types of the actuators, in series or parallel, arrangements. The suggested code provides the designer with a number of choices, different kind of connections, to resolve the problem of hydraulic oil overheating which may arise during the continuous operation of the hydraulic unit. As a result, the (HSC) is able to minimize the human errors, effort, time and cost of hydraulic machine design.

Bending Steel Billet on Presses of Tube Electrical Welding Aggregation

2021 ◽  
Vol 316 ◽  
pp. 300-305
Author(s):  
Vladimir N. Shinkin
Keyword(s):  
Opposite Direction ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Steel Sheet ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Large Diameter ◽  
Steel Pipe ◽  
Steel Billet ◽  
In Series ◽  
Large Diameter Pipes ◽  
Alternating Bending

At the production of the steel thick-walled large-diameter pipes according to UOE-technology at the tube electrical welding aggregation 1020 (TEWA 1020), the steel sheet is in series bent on the flanging press, the pre-forming press and the final-forming press. When the steel sheet is deformed on the final-forming press, the excessively curved sections of the sheet are partially unbent in the opposite direction. The calculation of sheet’s curvature at the alternating bending causes the significant difficulties because of Bauschinger’s effect at bending, in which the mechanical characteristics of the steel change significantly. In this paper, the analytical method for calculating the final curvature of steel pipe billet at the alternating bend at UOE-technology is proposed. The results of the paper can be applied in metallurgy.

The Shikani HME: A New Tracheostomy Heat and Moisture Exchanger

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (9) ◽  
pp. 2921-2929
Author(s):  
Alan H. Shikani ◽  
Elamin M. Elamin ◽  
Andrew C. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Moisture Loss ◽  
Speaking Valve ◽  
Time Zero ◽  
In Series ◽  
Turbulent Airflow ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Loss Efficiency ◽  
Heat And Moisture ◽  
Lung Simulation

Purpose Tracheostomy patients face many adversities including loss of phonation and essential airway functions including air filtering, warming, and humidification. Heat and moisture exchangers (HMEs) facilitate humidification and filtering of inspired air. The Shikani HME (S-HME) is a novel turbulent airflow HME that may be used in-line with the Shikani Speaking Valve (SSV), allowing for uniquely preserved phonation during humidification. The aims of this study were to (a) compare the airflow resistance ( R airflow ) and humidification efficiency of the S-HME and the Mallinckrodt Tracheolife II tracheostomy HME (M-HME) when dry (time zero) and wet (after 24 hr) and (b) determine if in-line application of the S-HME with a tracheostomy speaking valve significantly increases R airflow over a tracheostomy speaking valve alone (whether SSV or Passy Muir Valve [PMV]). Method A prospective observational ex vivo study was conducted using a pneumotachometer lung simulation unit to measure airflow ( Q ) amplitude and R airflow , as indicated by a pressure drop ( P Drop ) across the device (S-HME, M-HME, SSV + S-HME, and PMV). Additionally, P Drop was studied for the S-HME and M-HME when dry at time zero (T 0 ) and after 24 hr of moisture testing (T 24 ) at Q of 0.5, 1, and 1.5 L/s. Results R airflow was significantly less for the S-HME than M-HME (T 0 and T 24 ). R airflow of the SSV + S-HME in series did not significant increase R airflow over the SSV or PMV alone. Moisture loss efficiency trended toward greater efficiency for the S-HME; however, the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusions The turbulent flow S-HME provides heat and moisture exchange with similar or greater efficacy than the widely used laminar airflow M-HME, but with significantly lower resistance. The S-HME also allows the innovative advantage of in-line use with the SSV, hence allowing concurrent humidification and phonation during application, without having to manipulate either device.

60" Demonstration Installation of PressureCast Steel Pipe for the Tarrant Regional Water District

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shelly S. Hattan ◽  
David McPherson ◽  
Richard I. Mueller
Keyword(s):  
Steel Pipe ◽  
Water District ◽  
Regional Water

Status of nondestructive control of transport function metal products at JSC EVRAZ NTMK

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 586-590
Author(s):  
S. P. Bersenev ◽  
E. M. Slobtsova
Keyword(s):  
Crack Detection ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Control Line ◽  
Magnetic Powder ◽  
Nondestructive Control ◽  
Automated Control ◽  
Ultrasonic Control ◽  
Acoustic Contact ◽  
In Series

Achievements in the area of automated ultrasonic control of quality of rails, solid-rolled wheels and tyres, wheels magnetic powder crack detection, carried out at JSC EVRAZ NTMK. The 100% nondestructive control is accomplished by automated control in series at two ultrasonic facilities RWI-01 and four facilities УМКК-1 of magnetic powder control, installed into the exit control line in the wheel-tyre shop. Diagram of location, converters displacement and control operations in the process of control at the facility RWI-01 presented, as well as the structural diagram of the facility УМКК-1. The automated ultrasonic control of rough tyres is made in the tyres control line of the wheel-tyre shop at the facility УКБ-1Д. The facility enables to control internal defects of tyres in radial, axis and circular directions of radiation. Possibilities of the facility УКБ-1Д software were shown. Nondestructive control of railway rails is made at two facilities, comprising the automated control line of the rail and structural shop. The УКР-64Э facility of automated ultrasonic rails control is intended to reveal defects in the area of head, web and middle part of rail foot by pulse echo-method with a immersion acoustic contact. The diagram of rail P65 at the facility УКР-64Э control presented. To reveal defects of the macrostructure in the area of rail head and web by mirror-shadow method, an ultrasonic noncontact electromagnetic-acoustic facility is used. It was noted, that implementation of the 100% nondestructive control into the technology of rolled stuff production enabled to increase the quality of products supplied to customers and to increase their competiveness.

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