scholarly journals Baby (Not So) Friendly: Implementation of the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative in Serbia

2022 ◽  
pp. 17-35
Author(s):  
Ljiljana Pantović
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare System ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
National Level ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative ◽  
Frontline Health Workers ◽  
Document Review ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractThe WHO and UNICEF launched The Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) in 1991 with the goal of promoting breastfeeding. Four years later, this initiative was adopted in Serbia (then Yugoslavia). Although Serbia has officially been a part of the BFHI for over 26 years, less than 13% of children are currently exclusively breastfed for the first 6 months of life. Drawing on interviews, observations and document review, this chapter offers ethnographic insight into why the BFHI in Serbia has met with little success. I argue that the principles and practices of the initiative to promote breastfeeding have been both thinly learned and thinly applied by healthcare workers and therefore have had little positive impact on women’s empowerment to breastfeed or the rates of breastfeeding in the country. I show how the global Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative implemented in Serbia in the early 1990s and the national level policies which renewed it in 2018 were severely constrained by social, political and economic conditions that hindered the uptake of the program by frontline health workers – namely the devastating effects of the civil war and international sanctions in the 1990s, and the deleterious effects of IMF policies on the Serbian healthcare system since the 2000s. The pressure of time due to high workloads, and understaffed hospitals, in combination with unsustainable national funds for implementation may contribute to the reality of the thin implementation of BFHI.

scholarly journals Tikanga Hauora. The Hauora Homies: An evaluation of a Kaupapa Māori Weight Loss and Lifestyle Change Model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Nicola Grace
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
National Level ◽  
Lifestyle Change ◽  
Change Model ◽  
Nutritional Knowledge ◽  
Main Mode ◽  
Kaupapa Māori ◽  
Maori Health ◽  
Insight Into

<p>Tikanga Hauora – The Hauora Homies: An evaluation of a Kaupapa Māori Weight Loss and Lifestyle Change Model provides an understanding about how tikanga was practised during the implementation of the Hauora Homies and Kick in the Butt programmes, specifically the cultural principles of whanaungatanga (relationship, kinship, sense of family connection) and manaakitanga (kindness, generosity, support, hospitality). The thesis looks at how participants understood tikanga and if they believed the programmes were kaupapa Māori in approach. The thesis then examines how these principles supported participants to achieve programme outcomes and the immediate impact of the programmes. Finally, this thesis explores the use of Facebook as the main mode of communication during the programmes to provide insight into how tikanga is transformed into an online space.  The evaluation is positioned within a kaupapa Māori framework, since the Hauora Homies programmes was initiated by Māori, benefited Māori, and represented and legitimised Māori experiences and worldviews on the issue. Both the programmes and the evaluation are accountable to Māori participants. Continuous engagement with the participants of the programmes and the support of a whānau network were key aspects during the thesis process.  In total there are 31 participants in this sample, 26 females and five males. Thirty participants identified themselves as Māori and one participant as Samoan. Interviews were conducted with 10 participants and one administrator. Facebook data representing 31 participants was utilised and personal observation notes provided further insight into the programmes.  Interpretive analysis and descriptive statistics analysis, with an underlying ethnographic approach, were used to analyse the collected data. A kaupapa Māori approach facilitated an analysis from a Māori standpoint and Te Pae Mahutonga provided a Māori health framework to identify the health promotion outcomes of the Hauora Homies model.  The evaluation found that tikanga played a significant role within the programmes and was a critical component which provided a whānau approach and platform for participants to express themselves as Māori where Māori culture and values were the social norm. Whanaungatanga and manaakitanga were found to be fundamental and were embedded and practised in the model and programmes by creating, maintaining and strengthening relationships by actively engaging with participants online and offline.  The evaluation also found the programmes had a positive impact on participants’ knowledge, attitudes, behaviour and awareness, which supported them in reaching their weight loss and lifestyle change goals. The changes included increased nutritional knowledge, increased fitness, and confidence and leadership skills amongst others.  This evaluation will contribute towards evidence-based research into what works and what does not for Māori in a tikanga Māori, kaupapa Māori setting. This can contribute towards the design and implementation of lifestyle programmes at a whānau (family), hapū (sub-tribe), iwi (tribe) and national level, as well as open a forum for indigenous people from other areas in the world.</p>

scholarly journals Individual and organizational perceptions of hospital workers during COVID-19: the link with burnout

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
O Bashkin ◽  
N Davidovitch ◽  
N Asna ◽  
D Schwartz ◽  
K Dopelt
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
National Level ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
System Level ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Job Stressors ◽  
Negative Perceptions

Abstract Background The COVID-19 crisis poses challenges to healthcare systems and their employees. Medical staff are at the front of the battle against COVID-19. They must cope with a crisis accompanied by personal health and occupational ramifications and ongoing job stressors, which may lead to adverse mental health symptoms and may affect the quality of medical care provided to patients. This study evaluated health workers' perceptions and concerns about the COVID-19 crisis and its management in an Israeli hospital. Methods At the end of the pandemic's first wave in Israel, 547 healthcare workers responded to an online survey, which inquired about COVID-19 concerns at the individual and family level, perceptions at the national and organizational level, perceptions of the way the crisis was managed, self-assessment of coping with the crisis and burnout, and demographics. Results Findings showed that healthcare workers expressed deep concerns for family members and apprehension at a national level. Respondents noted that they were coping well with the crisis while expressing negative perceptions of how the crisis was managed. The regression model showed that concerns for family members, perceptions at the system level, working directly with COVID-19 patients, and having negative perceptions towards the crisis management at the national level, were associated with burnout. Conclusions The findings of this study deepen our understanding of issues that require systemic attention to strengthen mental resilience among hospital staff. Several actions are recommended to improve healthcare systems' ability to continue fighting the virus and confront future health crises: Further examination and monitoring of healthcare workers' concerns and job stressors. Providing psychosocial support plans for frontline workers to ensure their safety and health and prevent burnout. Strengthening supportive organizational culture. Key messages Healthcare workers express deep concerns and perceptions associated with burnout. Health services management needs a good understanding of workers' concerns and develop strategies to address them.

scholarly journals Tikanga Hauora. The Hauora Homies: An evaluation of a Kaupapa Māori Weight Loss and Lifestyle Change Model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Nicola Grace
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
National Level ◽  
Lifestyle Change ◽  
Change Model ◽  
Nutritional Knowledge ◽  
Main Mode ◽  
Kaupapa Māori ◽  
Maori Health ◽  
Insight Into

<p>Tikanga Hauora – The Hauora Homies: An evaluation of a Kaupapa Māori Weight Loss and Lifestyle Change Model provides an understanding about how tikanga was practised during the implementation of the Hauora Homies and Kick in the Butt programmes, specifically the cultural principles of whanaungatanga (relationship, kinship, sense of family connection) and manaakitanga (kindness, generosity, support, hospitality). The thesis looks at how participants understood tikanga and if they believed the programmes were kaupapa Māori in approach. The thesis then examines how these principles supported participants to achieve programme outcomes and the immediate impact of the programmes. Finally, this thesis explores the use of Facebook as the main mode of communication during the programmes to provide insight into how tikanga is transformed into an online space.  The evaluation is positioned within a kaupapa Māori framework, since the Hauora Homies programmes was initiated by Māori, benefited Māori, and represented and legitimised Māori experiences and worldviews on the issue. Both the programmes and the evaluation are accountable to Māori participants. Continuous engagement with the participants of the programmes and the support of a whānau network were key aspects during the thesis process.  In total there are 31 participants in this sample, 26 females and five males. Thirty participants identified themselves as Māori and one participant as Samoan. Interviews were conducted with 10 participants and one administrator. Facebook data representing 31 participants was utilised and personal observation notes provided further insight into the programmes.  Interpretive analysis and descriptive statistics analysis, with an underlying ethnographic approach, were used to analyse the collected data. A kaupapa Māori approach facilitated an analysis from a Māori standpoint and Te Pae Mahutonga provided a Māori health framework to identify the health promotion outcomes of the Hauora Homies model.  The evaluation found that tikanga played a significant role within the programmes and was a critical component which provided a whānau approach and platform for participants to express themselves as Māori where Māori culture and values were the social norm. Whanaungatanga and manaakitanga were found to be fundamental and were embedded and practised in the model and programmes by creating, maintaining and strengthening relationships by actively engaging with participants online and offline.  The evaluation also found the programmes had a positive impact on participants’ knowledge, attitudes, behaviour and awareness, which supported them in reaching their weight loss and lifestyle change goals. The changes included increased nutritional knowledge, increased fitness, and confidence and leadership skills amongst others.  This evaluation will contribute towards evidence-based research into what works and what does not for Māori in a tikanga Māori, kaupapa Māori setting. This can contribute towards the design and implementation of lifestyle programmes at a whānau (family), hapū (sub-tribe), iwi (tribe) and national level, as well as open a forum for indigenous people from other areas in the world.</p>

scholarly journals Factors informing healthcare workers' willingness to work during the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Malesza
Keyword(s):  
Study Design ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Hospital Workers ◽  
Odds Ratios ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Face

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic represents a substantial challenge to healthcare workers. Exploring the determinants of their willingness to work is crucial to ensuring hospital function during the outbreak. Hence, this study examines the factors affecting the motivation and hesitation of health workers in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland. Study Design: An online, anonymous survey was carried out among Polish healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: The respondents were asked about their demographic characteristics, stress-related factors, and their self-reported motivation and hesitation to work. The responses were gathered during September-December 2020. Results: 912 valid responses were obtained. Of these, 22.8% (N = 208) respondents reported being strongly motivated to work while 37.8% (N = 345) expressed strong hesitation. The participants' demographic characteristics and their responses to the stress-related questions were assigned to four categories depending on the odds ratios of motivation and hesitation. While some factors were linked to enhanced motivation and reduced hesitation, others solely affected either motivation or hesitation, and yet others had a positive impact on both. Conclusion: Overall, the study indicates that in order to increase hospital workers' motivation and decrease their hesitation, they must be made to feel protected by both their hospitals and local and national authorities.

scholarly journals ‘We are not the virus’: stigmatization and discrimination against frontline health workers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff Clyde G Corpuz
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
International Travel ◽  
Travel History ◽  
The Public ◽  
Stigma And Discrimination ◽  
Frontline Health Workers ◽  
Philippine Government ◽  
Frontline Healthcare Workers ◽  
Safety Guidelines

Abstract During the current COVID-19 pandemic, several forms of stigma and discrimination have been reported worldwide mainly from toward Asian descent, those with international travel history, and frontline health workers. In response to the situation of stigmatization and discrimination against frontline healthcare workers, the author proposes several ways on how the public and the Philippine government might create safety guidelines by revisiting the international and local laws. Thus, there is an urgent need to end the stigma, discrimination and other forms of inhumane treatment against our frontline health workers. They are not the virus.

scholarly journals Frontline healthcare workers' knowledge and perception of COVID-19 and willingness to work during the pandemic in Nepal: a nationwide cross-sectional web-based study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
DIPAK PRASAD UPADHYAYA ◽  
Rajan Paudel ◽  
Daniel J Bromberg ◽  
Dilaram Acharya ◽  
Kaveh Khoshnood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Government Response ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Frontline Health Workers ◽  
Frontline Healthcare Workers

Abstract Background The health sector's effectiveness during a pandemic primarily depends on the availability, knowledge, skills, perceptions, and motivations of frontline healthcare workers. In this study, we aimed to investigate the contextual factors associated with the knowledge, perceptions, and the willingness of frontline healthcare workers to work during the COVID-19 pandemic in Nepal. Methods A total of 1051 frontline health-workers from all seven Nepalese provinces were included in this web-based cross-sectional study, which was conducted in May 2020. Using a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire, we collected information on knowledge, perceptions, and the willingness of frontline healthcare workers to work during the COVID-19 pandemic. Multivariable logistic regression was applied to identify independent associations between predictors and outcome variables. Results Of the 1051 frontline health-workers, 17.2% were found to have inadequate knowledge on COVID-19, 63.6% reported unsatisfactory perceptions of government response, and 35.9% showed an unwillingness to work during the pandemic. Health workers at local health facilities (AOR: 0.35; 95% CI: 0.17-0.68) and those with chronic diseases were less likely to have adequate knowledge of COVID-19. Nurses (AOR: 2.10; 95% CI: 1.38-3.18), health-workers from Karnali Province (AOR: 2.62; 95% CI: 1.52-4.53), and those who had adequate knowledge of COVID-19 (AOR: 3.86; 95% CI: 2.51-6.16) were more likely to have satisfactory perception towards government response to COVID-19. In addition, laboratory-workers, health workers from Karnali province, and those with adequate knowledge (AOR: 1.81; 95% CI: 1.27-2.58) were more likely to work during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions We concluded that frontline healthcare workers have some gaps in knowledge-related to COVID-19; about two-thirds of them had a negative perception of government response, and nearly one-third of them were unwilling to work. These observations demonstrate that prompt actions are required to improve health-worker knowledge of COVID-19, address negative perceptions to government responses, and motivate them to provide healthcare services during the pandemic. Keywords: COVID-19, Health-workers, Knowledge, Perception, Willingness

scholarly journals A Qualitative Assessment of Stress Among Frontline Health Workers During COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonali Sain ◽  
Shuvankar Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Formal Training ◽  
Surveillance Activity ◽  
Frontline Health Workers ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Insight Into

Introduction: Being on the frontline, health care workers are most likely to get exposed to all kinds of stress in the ongoing Coronavirus-2019 pandemic. Both physical and mental stress could influence their well-being and also affect their work efficiency. There is a need of active intervention to restore and maintain the mental health of the frontline health workers. Thus, it is essential to gain an insight into their problems so that it would enable to identify appropriate solutions. Aim: To get an insight into the stress experienced by the COVID-19 community surveillance workers and to explore the perceptions of stress related trigger factors and coping strategies. Materials and Methods: This qualitative study was based on “Focus Group Discussion (FGD)” method and was associated with Nilratan Sircar Medical College & Hospital Kolkata. The participants were COVID-19 community surveillance workers who mainly comprised of “honorary health workers” and “100 days field workers (18-55 years)”, employed in 5 different urban health centers in the Kolkata corporation area during April to June 2020. A total of 55 participants were included in the study in five sessions. Researchers took notes during the session, which was also recorded verbatim. Discussions were mainly conducted over four key areas namely positive aspects of COVID-19 surveillance activities, stress related to surveillance activities, precipitating factors related to stress and coping strategies for these stressful periods. Data was summarised and analysed qualitatively. Results: Participants felt that “they provided service to the society and understood their importance in breaking the chain of transmission”. “This job gave them pride of being a part of health system along with income generation”. However, they also expressed about the stressful situation related to the surveillance activity like social ostracisation, verbal and even physical abuse. Inadequate supply of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) was revealed. Most of the surveillance workers were informally trained thus they sought help for formal training for surveillance activity. Conclusion: Although the frontline health care workers felt proud to be involved in the surveillance work, almost all of them expressed apprehension against social stigmatisation, verbal and physical abuse. The need for formal training in surveillance work was evident.

scholarly journals Incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among asymptomatic frontline health workers in Los Angeles County, California

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Halbrook ◽  
Adva Gadoth ◽  
Rachel Martin-Blais ◽  
Ashley Grey ◽  
Deisy Contreras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Los Angeles County ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
First Responders ◽  
Surveillance Study ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Frontline Health Workers

AbstractBeginning April 8, 2020, we enrolled 1787 frontline heath workers who were asymptomatic for COVID-19 into a longitudinal surveillance study. During that time 4 healthcare workers and 6 first responders tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR. Additionally, 43 healthcare workers and 55 first responders had detectable IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2.

Analysis of Natural Resources and Environment, Politico-Economic Conditions and their influences on Tourist Behavioural Intentions in Hunza: Mediating effect of Tourist Satisfaction

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 55-74
Author(s):  
Faqeer Muhammad ◽  
Kifayat Ullah ◽  
Rehmat Karim
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Tourist Satisfaction

This study aims to explore the influence of Natural Resources and Environment (NRE), Politico-Economic Conditions (PEC) on Tourist Behavioral Intension (TBI) in Hunza, Pakistan. The study further investigates the mediating role of Tourist Satisfaction (TS) on the given variables. Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) technique has been applied to conceptualize the research frame and to test the proposed hypotheses. Primary data was collected by using convenient sampling technique for analysis from 220 tourists who visited tourism nucleus sites of Hunza. The finding of the study reveals that Natural resources and Environment, Politico-and Economic Conditions have a significant positive impact on Tourist’s Behavioral Intensions. Moreover, Tourist’s Satisfaction partially mediates the positive relationships among Natural Resources and Environment, Political & Economic Conditions and Tourist’s Behavioral Intensions. The findings of the study extend the understanding that presence of natural resources along with healthy environment and stable political & economic conditions of a destination are the key determinants for sustainable tourism development.

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