FE Investigation of the J-integral and Tearing Energy T Parameters for NR and SBR Materials

2021 ◽  
pp. 158-165
Author(s):  
A. Hamdi ◽  
A. Boulenouar ◽  
Z. Baccouch
Keyword(s):  
J Integral ◽  
Tearing Energy

The Effect of Specimen Thickness on the Tearing Energy of a Gum Vulcanizate

1989 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 850-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth A. Mazich ◽  
K. N. Morman ◽  
F. G. Oblinger ◽  
T. Y. Fan ◽  
P. C. Killgoar
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Pure Shear ◽  
Thickness Effect ◽  
Specimen Thickness ◽  
J Integral ◽  
Shear Specimen ◽  
Standard Specimens ◽  
Finite Element Calculations ◽  
Tearing Energy

Abstract We have examined the effect of thickness on the critical tearing energy of a simple gum vulcanizate of SBR in pure shear. Laboratory experiments and finite-element calculations agree that the tearing energy that is measured with a pure-shear specimen increases with the thickness of the specimen. Laboratory measurements indicate that the deformation for crack growth in a pure-shear specimen increases with the thickness of the specimen. Finite-element calculations show that the energy available for release at a given deformation also increases with thickness in the range from t=1.4 mm to t=14 mm. Experiments show that the crtical tearing energy varies linearly with thickness in the range t=0.7 mm to t=2.7 mm. The effect of thickness on the tearing energy was also studied by calculating the J-integral at various points of the crack through the thickness of the pure-shear specimen. In general, the J-integral calculated at the surface of the specimen can be higher than the J-integral calculated at the center of the specimen for specimens that are sufficiently thick. The thickness effect measured in this work suggests that the “critical tearing energy” obtained from standard laboratory specimens may not be a true material property. For this reason, critical tearing energy that is measured on standard specimens may not be generally applied to predict failure in arbitrary elastomeric components.

INFLUENCE OF STRAIN AMPLIFICATION NEAR CRACK TIP ON THE FRACTURE RESISTANCE OF CARBON BLACK–FILLED SBR

2015 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Liu ◽  
Bin Dong ◽  
Li-Qun Zhang ◽  
Qiang Zheng ◽  
You-Ping Wu
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Crack Tip ◽  
Carbon Black Particle ◽  
Image Correlation ◽  
J Integral ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Black Particle ◽  
Fea Simulation ◽  
Tearing Energy

ABSTRACT Singularity of strain field at the crack tip of elastomeric material has recently attracted considerable attention. For SBR filled with four different types of carbon black, the strain distribution at the crack tip of the single-edge notched tension specimens are investigated using digital image correlation (DIC) and finite element analysis (FEA). Both DIC and FEA results demonstrate that the larger the carbon black particle size, the less strain amplification at the crack tip of SBR. However, the strain amplification region obtained from FEA simulation is much smaller than the strain amplification observed from DIC, and the reasons are discussed. Critical J-integral (JIC) and tearing modulus (TR) are calculated via J-integral method and are connected to crack initiation and propagation resistance of the SBR, respectively. With increasing carbon black particle size, both JIC and TR decrease. Similar trends also occur for tearing energy deduced from the dynamic mechanical thermal analysis. These results are in agreement with the prediction based on strain amplification at the crack tip.

Tearing energy and path-dependent J-integral evaluation considering stress softening for carbon black reinforced elastomers

2018 ◽  
Vol 190 ◽  
pp. 259-272
Author(s):  
Mohammed El Yaagoubi ◽  
Daniel Juhre ◽  
Jens Meier ◽  
Thomas Alshuth ◽  
Ulrich Giese
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Black ◽  
J Integral ◽  
Integral Evaluation ◽  
Stress Softening ◽  
Tearing Energy ◽  
Path Dependent

Effect of Carbon Black on the J-Integral and Strain Energy in the Crack Tip Region in a Vulcanized Natural Rubber

1987 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 893-909 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Liu ◽  
R. F. Lee ◽  
J. A. Donovan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Strain Energy ◽  
Process Zone ◽  
Crack Tip ◽  
Local Strain ◽  
Biaxial Stress ◽  
J Integral ◽  
Tearing Energy ◽  
Tip Radius

Abstract 1) The J-integral is path independent in both PS and SEN specimens and equals the tearing energy. 2) The critical J-integral at initiation is less in PS specimens than in SEN specimens, because the greater biaxial stress in PS restricts the process zone. 3) At initiation, the crack-tip radius, proportional to the local strain, is independent of CB. 4) The energy density within and the size of the process zone near the crack tip increase with CB; these are major contributions to CB reinforcement.

Rubber Fracture Characterization Using J-Integral

1988 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Chow ◽  
J. Wang ◽  
P. N. Tse
Keyword(s):  
Crack Initiation ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Fracture Parameter ◽  
J Integral ◽  
Specimen Length ◽  
Fracture Characterization ◽  
Premature Failure ◽  
Testing Procedures ◽  
Material Evaluation

Abstract The use of the J-integral to investigate fracture characterization in a carbon black reinforced natural rubber is described. Three applications to crack initiation are included: two based on the use of a hypothetical zero specimen length and one on conventional testing procedures for metals. While the validity of the zero-length methods is questionable, the conventional method yielded a consistent Jc value of 1.01 N/mm for a typical tire compound. This value was obtained from 24 combinations of varying specimen geometries and pre-crack lengths. The J-integral is revealed as a valid fracture parameter that is applicable not only for material evaluation but also for designing tire structures to resist premature failure. These conclusions disagree with those from an earlier investigation, so the causes for the discrepancies are examined and discussed.

An Alternative Technique to Evaluate Crack Propagation Path in Hyperelastic Materials

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. M. Ozelo ◽  
P. Sollero ◽  
A. L. A. Costa
Keyword(s):  
Constitutive Model ◽  
Crack Propagation ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Growth Direction ◽  
Propagation Path ◽  
J Integral ◽  
Alternative Technique ◽  
Crack Propagation Path ◽  
Hyperelastic Materials ◽  
Material Constitutive Model

Abstract REFERENCE: R. R. M. Ozelo, P. Sollero, and A. L. A. Costa, “An Alternative Technique to Evaluate Crack Propagation Path in Hyperelastic Materials,” Tire Science and Technology, TSTCA, Vol. 40, No. 1, January–March 2012, pp. 42–58. ABSTRACT: The analysis of crack propagation in tires aims to provide safety and reliable life prediction. Tire materials are usually nonlinear and present a hyperelastic behavior. Therefore, the use of nonlinear fracture mechanics theory and a hyperelastic material constitutive model are necessary. The material constitutive model used in this work is the Mooney–Rivlin. There are many techniques available to evaluate the crack propagation path in linear elastic materials and estimate the growth direction. However, most of these techniques are not applicable to hyperelastic materials. This paper presents an alternative technique for modeling crack propagation in hyperelastic materials, based in the J-Integral, to evaluate the crack path. The J-Integral is an energy-based parameter and is applicable to nonlinear materials. The technique was applied using abaqus software and compared to experimental tests.

Prediction of crack growth initiation in paper structures using a J-integral criterion

2000 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pär Wellmar ◽  
Øyvind Weiby Gregersen ◽  
Christer Fellers
Keyword(s):  
Crack Growth ◽  
J Integral ◽  
Integral Criterion ◽  
Growth Initiation

Effect of Filler Dispersion on Tensile Strength and Tearing Energy of Natural Rubber (NR) Latex Films

2015 ◽  
Vol 1134 ◽  
pp. 56-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Aisyah Jarkasi ◽  
Dzaraini Kamarun ◽  
Azemi Samsuri ◽  
Amir Hashim Md Yatim
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Latex Film ◽  
High Tensile Strength ◽  
Latex Films ◽  
Optimum Amount ◽  
Dispersing Agent ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Filler Dispersion ◽  
Tearing Energy

Fillers play important roles in enhancing mechanical properties of NR latex films. The effect of filler dispersion and amount of dispersing agent to the tensile strength and tearing energy of NR latex films were investigated in this study. The studies were carried out by (i) varying the amount of dispersing agent (Anchoid) added which is an anionic surfactant; and (ii) varying the speed of stirring during mixing of latex with compounding ingredients. It was observed that tensile strength and tearing energy were affected by both factors listed. In the case of NR latex film filled with 10 pphr of carbon black (Super Abrasion Furnace, SAF), the optimum stirring speed was 400 rpm and the optimum amount of surfactant was in the range of 5 to 10 % by weight. High tensile strength ranging from 29 - 31 MPa and high tearing energies ranging from 90.6 - 111.0 kJ/m2were achieved from optimization of these two factors; rendering their importance.

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