Advances in Self-healing Bituminous Materials: From Concept to Large-Scale Application

2021 ◽  
pp. 79-125
Author(s):  
Jose Norambuena-Contreras ◽  
Quantao Liu ◽  
Alvaro Gonzalez ◽  
Alvaro Guarin ◽  
Nilo Ruiz-Riancho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Bituminous Materials

scholarly journals Rapid synchronized fabrication of vascularized thermosets and composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayank Garg ◽  
Jia En Aw ◽  
Xiang Zhang ◽  
Polette J. Centellas ◽  
Leon M. Dean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Capillary Flow ◽  
External Heat ◽  
Frontal Polymerization ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Vascular Networks ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
External Energy ◽  
Imaging Phantoms ◽  
Vascular Structures

AbstractBioinspired vascular networks transport heat and mass in hydrogels, microfluidic devices, self-healing and self-cooling structures, filters, and flow batteries. Lengthy, multistep fabrication processes involving solvents, external heat, and vacuum hinder large-scale application of vascular networks in structural materials. Here, we report the rapid (seconds to minutes), scalable, and synchronized fabrication of vascular thermosets and fiber-reinforced composites under ambient conditions. The exothermic frontal polymerization (FP) of a liquid or gelled resin facilitates coordinated depolymerization of an embedded sacrificial template to create host structures with high-fidelity interconnected microchannels. The chemical energy released during matrix polymerization eliminates the need for a sustained external heat source and greatly reduces external energy consumption for processing. Programming the rate of depolymerization of the sacrificial thermoplastic to match the kinetics of FP has the potential to significantly expedite the fabrication of vascular structures with extended lifetimes, microreactors, and imaging phantoms for understanding capillary flow in biological systems.

Comparison of different approaches for self-healing concrete in a large-scale lab test

2016 ◽  
Vol 107 ◽  
pp. 125-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Van Tittelboom ◽  
Jianyun Wang ◽  
Maria Araújo ◽  
Didier Snoeck ◽  
Elke Gruyaert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Lab Test

scholarly journals A Nonlinear Model For The Optimal Capacity Placement In Self-Healing ATM Networks Based On Link Restoration Strategy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
ABM B. Alam
Keyword(s):  
Communication Systems ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Asynchronous Transfer Mode ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Network Failure ◽  
Optimal Capacity ◽  
Telecommunications Network ◽  
Important Challenge

Network Survivability is a critical issue in telecommunications network due to increasing dependence of the society on communication systems. Fast restoration from a network failure is an important challenge that deserves attention. This thesis addresses an optimal link capacity design problem for survivable asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) network based on the link restoration strategy. Given a projected traffic demands and the network topology, capacity and flow assignment are jointly optimized to yield the optimal capacity placement. The problem is formulated as large-scale nonlinear programming and is solved using a specific type of Lagrange method (so called Separable Augmented Lagrangian Algorithm or SALA for short). Several networks with diverse topological characteristics are used in the experiments to validate our proposed novel model, using capacity installation cost, routing cost, total network cost, used capacity and required CPU time, as performance metrics. Link restoration strategy is compared against global reconfiguration strategy using these performance metrics.

Polydopamine may be easily functionalized with a range of nanomaterials for synergistic cancer therapy, in addition to its exceptional photothermal effects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moataz Dowaidar
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Adhesive Properties ◽  
Uniform Size ◽  
Photothermal Treatment ◽  
Photothermal Effects

This review carefully reviewed recent polydopamine (PDA) research, including targeted therapy and cancer synergistic medications. Recent breakthroughs in photothermal treatment coupled with complex therapies such as gene therapy, radiation, and especially immunotherapy were highlighted. Due to their exceptional biocompatibility, degradability, low toxicity and high photothermal conversion efficiency, facile oxidative self-polymerization of dopamine can create PDA and serve as an excellent nanocarrier or photothermal cancer treatment agent. Due to its high adhesive capacity, PDA may be easily functionalized with a range of nanomaterials for synergistic cancer therapy, in addition to its exceptional photothermal effects. Although PDA-based multifunctional nanoplatforms have gained interest for synergistic cancer therapy, such as chemo-photothermal treatment and photodynamic-photothermal treatment, discovering novel uses for PDA remains tough. First, despite its easy and mild process of synthesis, large-scale synthesis with uniform size and thickness is challenging owing to the absence of consistent quality control standards. Second, due to the strong adhesive properties of PDA, multifunctional nanoplatforms are prone to aggregating in a solution. Third, to improve PDA's clinical application, its safety should be fully researched. Before being deployed in clinical settings, PDA-based multifunctional systems need additional research. A PDA-based multifunctional platform for better synergistic cancer treatment is a forward-looking strategy. In particular, PDA-based immunotherapy systems will remain a research center.Besides immunotherapy, in recent years, the integration of cancer diagnosis and treatment has gained a lot of publicity. Polyphenols have been proven to suppress tumor development and interact with metals such as Fe3+, Pt4+, Cu2+, etc (MPNs). MPNs are biocompatible, functional, pH-responsive and can escape endosomes. PDA has the potential to develop MPNs with contrasting magnetic resonance agents like gadolinium due to the enormous quantity of catechol groups on its surface, allowing magnetic resonance imaging. Polyphenols also have tumor-inhibiting effects, and PDA's photothermal activity can ablate tumors. Consequently, PDA-based MPNs might be a promising way to integrate diagnosis and treatment. Moreover, polydopamine can crosslink acrylamide and other polymers to form anticancer and antibacterial hydrogels. Increasing the stickiness of polydopamine hydrogels is now underway, paving the path for self-adhesive bioelectronics hydrogels. Bioelectron self-adhesion and other capabilities such as self-healing, transparency, and bacterio-toxicity may be supplied to polydopamine hydrogels by altering phenolquinone's redox process. A prospective future trend is using self-adhesive polydopamine hydrogels with current bioelectronic materials. We think that polydopamine hydrogels will eventually advance from skin patches to implantable integrated bioelectronics.

scholarly journals Method for assessing the effect of self-healing of asphalt concrete with encapsulated modifier

2021 ◽  
Vol 2124 (1) ◽  
pp. 012006
Author(s):  
S S Inozemtcev ◽  
T T Do ◽  
E V Korolev
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Relative Difference ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Healing Efficiency ◽  
Strength Material ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Relative Change

Abstract A unified methodology for assessing the ability of a material to heal itself does not exist at present. It is due to the absence of criteria characterizing the ability of a material to independently respond to conditions in a controlled manner and to take measures to eliminate an adverse effect on the properties or structure of the material. Usually, the self-healing ability is assessed using the coefficient of relative change of a measured indicator (for example, strength), which does not allow for two parameters: residual strength, which depends on the number of not broken bonds after the test, and the binder’s own potential for recovery. The paper proposes a method for calculating the healing efficiency, taking into account the relative difference in the loss of strength, material with the use of an encapsulated modifier and without it. The proposed recovery factor reflects the effect of the encapsulated modifier on the change in the strength of the composite under study; therefore, to assess the efficiency of a self-healing material, it is also necessary to take into account the properties in the initial period of time and their stability under operating conditions. The problem of choosing the optimal indicator of material properties for assessing the recovery effect and improving the calculation method taking into account the duration of the recovery period is not solved and requires additional large-scale studies.

scholarly journals Application of Steel Fibre to Improve the Self-Healing Mechanism of Bituminous Mixtures: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 920 (1) ◽  
pp. 012013
Author(s):  
F Shiong ◽  
E Shaffie
Keyword(s):  
Steel Fibre ◽  
The Self ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Bituminous Mixtures ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Bituminous Materials ◽  
Construction Of Self ◽  
Pavement Engineering

Abstract The self-healing mechanism of bituminous mixtures was demonstrated through several studies and was recognised for developing sustainable road pavement. This paper presents a comprehensive summary of various studies related to steel fibre as a self-healing mechanism of bituminous materials. Based on the extensive literature, it was found that steel fibre was likely to be used in the asphalt industry due to several benefits. First, the idea of using steel fibre in pavement engineering materials gives great attention to their utilisation in asphalt. It helps increase the self-healing mechanism and contribute to reducing the problem related to potholes, ravelling, slipping during raining while driving and many more. Second, this study identifies the gap of research for future research in pavement engineering. Finally, some proposals were made for the possible construction of self-healing asphalt.

scholarly journals Ionic Conductive Organohydrogel With Ultrastretchability, Self-Healable and Freezing-Tolerant Properties for Wearable Strain Sensor

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Ji ◽  
Min Jiang ◽  
Qingyu Yu ◽  
Xuefang Hao ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Strain Sensor ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
One Pot ◽  
High Mechanical Strength ◽  
Flexible Sensors ◽  
Healing Property ◽  
Human Motions ◽  
Huge Challenge

Currently, stretchable hydrogel has attracted great attention in the field of wearable flexible sensors. However, fabricating flexible hydrogel sensor simultaneously with superstretchability, high mechanical strength, remarkable self-healing ability, excellent anti-freezing and sensing features via a facile method remains a huge challenge. Herein, a fully physically linked poly(hydroxyethyl acrylamide)-gelatin-glycerol-lithium chloride (PHEAA-GE-Gl-LiCl) double network organohydrogel is prepared via a simple one-pot heating-cooling-photopolymerization method. The prepared PHEAA-GE-Gl-LiCl organohydrogel exhibits favorable stretchability (970%) and remarkable self-healing property. Meanwhile, due to the presence of glycerol and LiCl, the PHEAA-GE-Gl-LiCl organohydrogel possesses outstanding anti-freezing capability, it can maintain excellent stretchability (608%) and conductivity (0.102 S/m) even at −40°C. In addition, the PHEAA-GE-Gl-LiCl organohydrogel-based strain sensor is capable of repeatedly and stably detecting and monitoring both large-scale human motions and subtle physiological signals in a wide temperature range (from −40°C to 25°C). More importantly, the PHEAA-GE-Gl-LiCl organohydrogel-based sensor displays excellent strain sensitivity (GF = 13.16 at 500% strain), fast response time (300 ms), and outstanding repeatability. Based on these super characteristics, it is envisioned that PHEAA-GE-Gl-LiCl organohydrogel holds promising potentials as wearable strain sensor.

scholarly journals Atomic Structure and Dynamics of Defects and Grain Boundaries in 2D Pd2Se3 Monolayers

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1636-1640
Author(s):  
Jun Chen ◽  
Gyeonghee Ryu ◽  
Jamie Warner
Keyword(s):  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Atomic Structure ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Vacancy Defects ◽  
Thermally Induced ◽  
Structure And Dynamics ◽  
Scanning Transmission

AbstractStructural imperfections of 2D crystals such as point vacancies and grain boundaries (GBs) have considerable impacts on their chemical-physical properties. Here we study the atomic structure and dynamics of defects and GBs in monolayer Pd2Se3 using annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy (ADF-STEM). The Pd2Se3 monolayers are reproducibly created by thermally induced phase transformation of few-layered PdSe2 films in an in-situ heating holder in the TEM to promote Se loss. Diverse point vacancies, one-dimensional (1D) defects, GBs and defect ring complexes are directly observed in monolayer Pd2Se3, which show a series of dynamics triggered by electron beam. High mobility of vacancies leads to self-healing of point vacancies by migration to the edge and subsequent edge etching under the beam. Specific defects are stabilized by Se–Se bonds, which shift in a staggered way to buffer strain, forming a wave-like 1D defect. Bond rotations are also observed and play an important role in defect and GB dynamics in Pd2Se3 during vacancy production. The GBs form in a meandering pathway and migrate by a sequence of Se–Se bond rotations without large scale vacancy formation. In the GB corners and tilted GBs, other highly symmetric vacancy defects also occur to adapt to the orientation change. These results give atomic level insights into the defects and GBs in Pd2Se3 2D monolayers.

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