Rhetorical Marginalization of Science and Democracy: Politics in Risk Discourse on Radioactive Risks in Japan

2015 ◽  
pp. 57-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideyuki Hirakawa ◽  
Masashi Shirabe
Keyword(s):  
Risk Discourse

Of stories that matter

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-101
Author(s):  
Juhn Chris Espia ◽  
Alma Maria Salvador
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Risk ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Central Position ◽  
San Jose ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Management Planning ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Proactive Approach ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
Risk Discourse

Purpose The recent shift in the Philippine Government’s emphasis from response to a more proactive approach came with the recognition that different stakeholders play important roles in the governance of disaster risk. The purpose of this paper is to look beyond the question as to whether all stakeholders are involved in disaster risk management planning and examines the extent by which the narratives of risk of actors at the margins shape how risk is framed in municipal DRM planning in Antique, Philippines. Design/methodology/approach This paper is based on a field study carried out in San Jose de Buenavista, Antique Province, Philippines. Data were gathered through key informant interviews and focus group discussions as well as a review of archival records and documents. Findings The narratives of CSOs and communities, which revolve around livelihoods and community life are conspicuously absent from the plans whereas that of government actors occupy a central position in the risk discourse. The study highlights the power-saturated process of defining and addressing risk to disasters, where knowledge is intimately linked to power as some voices shape plans and policies, whereas, others are excluded because their knowledge is socially constructed as less reliable and therefore irrelevant. Originality/value There is a dearth of studies that examine disaster risk as social constructions in the context of planning in the Philippines and in other disaster-prone countries.

Identity of Distance: How Economically Marginalized Black and Latina Women Navigate Risk Discourse and Employ Feminist Ideals

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 456-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranita Ray
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Women Of Color ◽  
Coming Of Age ◽  
The United States ◽  
Teen Mothers ◽  
Latina Women ◽  
Teen Motherhood ◽  
Economically Marginalized ◽  
Marginalized Women ◽  
Risk Discourse

Abstract Racialized and classed “risk” narratives of sexuality in the United States construct economically marginalized young women of color as sexually precocious, potential teen mothers who are likely to end up as burdens on the state. Some scholars underline the utility of recognizing reproductive inequalities involved in constructing teen motherhood as an unequivocal social problem, and they stress the importance of exploring teen mothers’ agency in navigating dominant risk narratives. Fewer studies analyze how young women who are not pregnant or parenting produce, reproduce, and challenge dominant risk narratives about their sexuality. Drawing on three years of intensive fieldwork among 13 young economically marginalized black and Latina women, I demonstrate how feminist ideologies of empowerment interact with pervasive risk narratives in the everyday lives of marginalized women coming of age in the “shadow of the women’s movement.” My observations show that the young women strategically navigate circulating risk narratives about their sexuality by constructing an identity of distance characterized by feminist ideals of independence, self-respect, and self-development to distance themselves from these narratives. However, as they construct this identity of distance, they also stigmatize young mothers and police their own bodies and the bodies of their friends and sisters. I draw on women-of-color feminism to reflect on the uncomfortable relationship—evident in the process of a group of young women’s identity construction—between feminist ideologies of empowerment and bourgeois heteronormativity that marginalizes young women’s sexualities by constructing teen motherhood as inherently problematic.

Risk, Property Rights, and Antidiscrimination Law in Rental Housing: Toward a Property-in-Action Framework

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 871-901
Author(s):  
Marco Brydolf-Horwitz
Keyword(s):  
Property Rights ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Rental Housing ◽  
Legal Rights ◽  
Criminal Records ◽  
Private Property Rights ◽  
Private Market ◽  
Antidiscrimination Law ◽  
Risk Discourse ◽  
Housing Outcomes

Landlords’ decisions significantly shape the housing outcomes of poor and stigmatized renters. Despite this important gatekeeping role, studies of antidiscrimination law have not thoroughly examined how private market actors respond to reform efforts or how private property rights potentially enable them to evade regulation. This study draws on ethnographic data gathered between late 2015 and early 2018 to examine how and why Seattle landlords opposed an ordinance regulating the use of criminal records in rental housing. The findings indicate that landlords’ opposition stems from their expectation that property protects owners’ ability to control their exposure to risk. Yet conceptions of property and risk perception alone cannot explain how landlords can evade regulation. Toward this end, I show how private property rights facilitate adaptation by which landlords can legally circumvent the intent of the law. The study highlights the value of a sociolegal framework of property in action, which incorporates cultural notions of ownership, legal rights, and the regulatory and market environments that shape owners’ discretion. I suggest that greater attention to risk discourse and property rights will deepen our understanding of the limits of antidiscrimination law and the ability of private market actors to adapt to, and resist, legal reform efforts.

scholarly journals Staying away, staying alive: Exploring risk and stigma of COVID-19 in the context of beliefs, actors and hierarchies in India

2021 ◽  
pp. 001139212199002
Author(s):  
Bhavna Joshi ◽  
Pradip Swarnakar
Keyword(s):  
Media Discourse ◽  
Healthcare Staff ◽  
Media Content Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Erving Goffman ◽  
Mary Douglas ◽  
The Media ◽  
Foreign Governments ◽  
Media Reports ◽  
Risk Discourse

The article examines the media discourse of risk and stigma which developed in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in India, employing the theoretical frameworks of Mary Douglas and Erving Goffman. Accessing the Factiva database archive, the authors analysed a total of 139 stigma-linked media reports, using the Discourse Network Analyzer (DNA) to identify thematic groups of beliefs and related actors contributing to the risk discourse on the contagion. The results exhibit a clear difference in opinion on various stigma-related beliefs among the individuals diagnosed or assumed susceptible to COVID-19, including the issue of disclosing identities. In India, domestic actors have dominated the media discourse, particularly national government agencies, rather than intergovernmental organisations or foreign governments. The media content analysis in this article shows that new hierarchies have emerged based on confirmed or suspected contact with the disease along with reinforcement of traditional myths and superstitions, leading to discrimination against the quarantined individuals, their families, healthcare staff and socially marginalised communities.

"Risk, Discourse and Power: A Foucauldian Framework"

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 (1) ◽  
pp. 10321
Author(s):  
Cynthia Hardy ◽  
Steve Maguire
Keyword(s):  
Risk Discourse

Propositions on cross-cultural communication and translation

Target ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Pym
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Transaction Costs ◽  
Special Kind ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Communication ◽  
Apparent Lack ◽  
Cross Cultural Communication ◽  
Risk Discourse ◽  
High Degree

Cross-cultural communication can be characterized by a relatively high degree of effort required to reduce complexity, by relatively high transaction costs, by relatively low trust between communication partners, and by relatively narrow success conditions that create points of high-risk discourse. To communicate successfully between cultures would thus require a special kind of risk management. Translation, as a mode of cross-cultural communication, is held to share those same features, as well as at least two specific representational maxims concerning discursive persons and textual quantity. It is argued that the related concepts of complexity, success conditions and risk can describe not only the act of translating as a mode of cross-cultural communication, but also certain features of the professional intercultures to which translators belong. Step-by-step propositions thus synthesize an approach that runs from an analysis of cross-cultural communication to a description of professional intercultures, their sources of power, and the reasons for their apparent lack of power in a globalizing age.

scholarly journals The multiple meanings of 'risk': views on the abortion of non-viable fetuses among Brazilian medical doctors and magistrates

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 204-230
Author(s):  
Juliana Lopes de Macedo
Keyword(s):  
Moral Justification ◽  
Individual Choice ◽  
Medical Doctors ◽  
Therapeutic Abortion ◽  
Medical Field ◽  
Legal Decisions ◽  
Multiple Meanings ◽  
Risk Discourse

The article seeks to understand the conceptions of 'risk' produced in the medical field as they come to be interpreted in the legal field. It draws on legal decisions concerning authorization for aborting fetuses bearing anomalies incompatible with life, and on non-directive interviews with medical doctors and magistrates. The category of 'risk' was found to be subject to considerable manipulation by both doctors and magistrates in being deployed as moral justification for the abortion of non-viable fetuses. Abortion is thus displaced from the sphere of individual choice to the domain of therapeutic abortion. The article also highlights the polyvalence of risk discourse, since this notion is deployed both to affirm and to deny legal authorizations for abortion, and to attribute responsibility for abortion decisions to doctors.

scholarly journals Re-imagining risky health behaviour as salutogenic practice

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Cross
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Risk Communication ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Communication Strategies ◽  
Compulsory Education ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Health Practices ◽  
Health Promotion Interventions ◽  
Risk Discourse

Abstract Background Much has been written about the problematic risky health practices that some young women in western cultures engage in defined as, for example, drinking alcohol to excess, smoking and taking drugs. Conversely the literature is more limited with regards to the meaning that young women attribute to such ’unhealthy’ practices. Exploring and understanding meaning is important in order to design more effective health promotion interventions. Methods This paper will present findings from 22 in-depth interviews with young women aged 18 - 14 years in post-compulsory education who were invited to talk about health and risk. Discourse analysis was used to explore the data drawing on feminist and governmentality perspectives. Results The data presented complex constructions of risk taking in health drawing on intertwined discourses of moralism, healthy citizenship, idealised femininity and health as a gendered pursuit. However, the young women also constructed their ’unhealthy’ practices in alternative, more agentic, resistant and philosophical ways. Conclusions Based on these latter findings it is proposed that some risky health behaviours should be interpreted as salutogenic rather than pathogenic in nature. Subjective constructions of risky health practices as salutogenic should be taken into account in risk communication strategies and interventions in public health. Key messages Exploring and understanding meaning is important in order to design more effective health promotion interventions. Subjective constructions of risky health practices as salutogenic should be taken into account in risk communication strategies and interventions in public health.

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