TIBAGS: Tropospheric Iodine Monoxide and Its Coupling to Biospheric and Atmospheric Variables—a Global Satellite Study

2016 ◽  
pp. 15-34
Author(s):  
Anja Schönhardt ◽  
Andreas Richter ◽  
John P. Burrows
Keyword(s):  
Iodine Monoxide ◽  
Atmospheric Variables

scholarly journals Examining the Influence of Store Environment in Hedonic and Utilitarian Shopping

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Cristina Calvo-Porral ◽  
Jean-Pierre Lévy-Mangin
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Environmental Cues ◽  
Store Choice ◽  
Store Attributes ◽  
Store Environment ◽  
Hedonic Shopping ◽  
Atmospheric Variables

Much of the literature on the attractiveness and pleasantness of retail stores has focused on the critical influence of store atmosphere or ambient attributes, which influence customer satisfaction and store choice. However, little is known about the environmental cues that influence customers’ satisfaction in different shopping contexts. In this context, the present research aims to answer the following questions: “Are the store atmospheric variables equally relevant in hedonic and utilitarian shopping?”; and further: “Does the influence of store environment on customer satisfaction vary depending on the type of shopping?”. For this purpose an empirical research is developed through PLS Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) based on data obtained from hedonic (n = 210) and utilitarian (n = 267) shopping contexts. Results indicate that customers perceive differently store atmospherics in utilitarian and in hedonic shopping. More precisely, findings report that customer satisfaction is driven by internal ambient and merchandise layout in hedonic shopping contexts; while the external ambient and the merchandise layout are major atmospheric cues in utilitarian shopping. Interestingly, store crowding does not influence customers’ satisfaction. This study provides a deeper understanding into the specific store attributes that influence customer satisfaction, which could be used by retailers to differentiate themselves from competitors.

Characterization of the Spectral Matching Ratio and the Z-Parameter From Atmospheric Variables for CPV Spectral Evaluation

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 1802-1809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro M. Rodrigo ◽  
Eduardo F. Fernandez ◽  
Marios Theristis ◽  
Florencia Almonacid Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Matching ◽  
Spectral Evaluation ◽  
Z Parameter ◽  
Atmospheric Variables

scholarly journals 3-dimensional observations of atmospheric variables during the field campaign COPS

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 012031 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Pal ◽  
A Behrendt ◽  
H Bauer ◽  
M Radlach ◽  
A Riede ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Campaign ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Atmospheric Variables

scholarly journals High-Resolution Atmospheric Sensing of Multiple Atmospheric Variables Using the DataHawk Small Airborne Measurement System

2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 2352-2366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dale A. Lawrence ◽  
Ben B. Balsley
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Measurement System ◽  
Current System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Structure Constant ◽  
Turbulence Structure ◽  
Quality Of Data ◽  
Airborne Measurement ◽  
Atmospheric Measurement ◽  
Atmospheric Variables

Abstract The DataHawk small airborne measurement system provides in situ atmospheric measurement capabilities for documenting scales as small as 1 m and can access reasonably large volumes in and above the atmospheric boundary layer at low cost. The design of the DataHawk system is described, beginning with the atmospheric measurement requirements, and articulating five key challenges that any practical measurement system must overcome. The resulting characteristics of the airborne and ground support components of the DataHawk system are outlined, along with its deployment, operating, and recovery modes. Typical results are presented to illustrate the types and quality of data provided by the current system, as well as the need for more of these finescale measurements. Particular focus is given to the DataHawk's ability to make very-high-resolution measurements of a variety of atmospheric variables simultaneously, with emphasis given to the measurement of two important finescale turbulence parameters, (the temperature turbulence structure constant) and ɛ (the turbulent energy dissipation rate). Future sensing possibilities and limitations using this approach are also discussed.

Ensemble-Based Atmospheric Reanalysis Using a Global Coupled Atmosphere–Ocean GCM

2018 ◽  
Vol 146 (10) ◽  
pp. 3311-3323
Author(s):  
Nobumasa Komori ◽  
Takeshi Enomoto ◽  
Takemasa Miyoshi ◽  
Akira Yamazaki ◽  
Akira Kuwano-Yoshida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Potential Benefit ◽  
Specific Humidity ◽  
Surface Boundary ◽  
Ensemble Spread ◽  
Surface Boundary Layer ◽  
Atmospheric Data ◽  
The Common ◽  
Atmospheric Variables ◽  
The Tropical Pacific

ABSTRACT Ensemble-based atmospheric data assimilation (DA) systems are sometimes afflicted with an underestimation of the ensemble spread near the surface caused by the use of identical boundary conditions for all ensemble members and the lack of atmosphere–ocean interaction. To overcome these problems, a new DA system has been developed by replacing an atmospheric GCM with a coupled atmosphere–ocean GCM, in which atmospheric observational data are assimilated every 6 h to update the atmospheric variables, whereas the oceanic variables are subject to no direct DA. Although SST suffers from the common biases among many coupled GCMs, two months of a retrospective analysis–forecast cycle reveals that the ensemble spreads of air temperature and specific humidity in the surface boundary layer are slightly increased and the forecast skill in the midtroposphere is rather improved by using the coupled DA system in comparison with the atmospheric DA system. In addition, surface atmospheric variables over the tropical Pacific have the basinwide horizontal correlation in ensemble space in the coupled DA system but not in the atmospheric DA system. This suggests the potential benefit of using a coupled GCM rather than an atmospheric GCM even for atmospheric reanalysis with an ensemble-based DA system.

scholarly journals Lidar uncertainty and beam averaging correction

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Giyanani ◽  
W. Bierbooms ◽  
G. van Bussel
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
Complex Terrain ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Resource Assessment ◽  
International Guideline ◽  
Wind Resource Assessment ◽  
Draft Version ◽  
Wind Resource ◽  
Atmospheric Variables

Abstract. Remote sensing of the atmospheric variables with the use of Lidar is a relatively new technology field for wind resource assessment in wind energy. A review of the draft version of an international guideline (CD IEC 61400-12-1 Ed.2) used for wind energy purposes is performed and some extra atmospheric variables are taken into account for proper representation of the site. A measurement campaign with two Leosphere vertical scanning WindCube Lidars and metmast measurements is used for comparison of the uncertainty in wind speed measurements using the CD IEC 61400-12-1 Ed.2. The comparison revealed higher but realistic uncertainties. A simple model for Lidar beam averaging correction is demonstrated for understanding deviation in the measurements. It can be further applied for beam averaging uncertainty calculations in flat and complex terrain.

scholarly journals Iodine monoxide in the north subtropical free troposphere

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 27833-27860 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Puentedura ◽  
M. Gil ◽  
A. Saiz-Lopez ◽  
T. Hay ◽  
M. Navarro-Comas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marine Boundary Layer ◽  
Dust Cloud ◽  
Elevation Angle ◽  
Saharan Dust ◽  
Atmospheric Composition ◽  
Trade Wind ◽  
Spectral Signature ◽  
Free Troposphere ◽  
The North ◽  
Iodine Monoxide

Abstract. Iodine monoxide (IO) was retrieved using a new multi-axis DOAS instrument deployed at the Izaña subtropical observatory as part of the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC) programme. The station is located at 2370 m a.s.l., well above the trade wind inversion that limits the top of the marine boundary layer, and is hence representative of the free troposphere. We report daily observations from May to August 2010 at different viewing angles. During this period, the spectral signature of IO was unequivocally detected on every day of measurement. A mean IO differential slant column density (DSCD) of 1.2 × 1013 molecules cm−2 was observed at 5° instrument elevation angle (IEA) on clear days using a single zenith reference for the reported period, with a day-to-day variability of 12% at 1 standard deviation. At an IEA of 0°, the mean DSCD value for clear days is 2.0 × 1013 molecules cm−2, with a day-to-day variability of 14%. Based on simultaneous O4 measurements, the IO mixing ratio is estimated to be 0.18 pptv in the free troposphere at an IEA of 5°. Episodes of Saharan dust outbreaks were also observed, with large increases in the DSCDs at higher elevation angles, suggesting an enhancement of IO inside the dust cloud.

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