Spatial and Temporal Variability of Climate Change in High-Altitude Regions of NW Himalaya

2016 ◽  
pp. 87-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Bhutiyani
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Nw Himalaya

scholarly journals ANÁLISE COMPARATIVA DO REGIME HÍDRICO E TÉRMICO DE DOIS SÍTIOS EXPERIMENTAIS NO PAMPA

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 209
Author(s):  
Cláudio Alberto Teichrieb ◽  
Pablo Eli Soares de Oliveira ◽  
Tamires Zimmer ◽  
Cristiano Maboni ◽  
Daniel Michelon dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Natural Field ◽  
Field Extensions ◽  
Pampa Biome ◽  
The Impact

In the last 15-20 years has greatly increased research on the problem of climate change, necessitating a demand for reliable measurements of absorption and emission of carbon dioxide, methane, as well as the impact on water resources. In the biome Pampa are the largest continuous natural field extensions, requiring a monitoring of water and temperature regime on the ground. The water content of the soil has spatial and temporal variability affecting many hydrological processes and determining this is needed since the soil store and provide the water and nutrients for the plants, thus involving relationships water-soil-plant-atmosphere. In this work, we compared the water content behavior of the soil at depths of 10, 30 and 50 cm, the temperature of the soil at depths of 5, 15 and 30 cm, heat flux in soil installed 10 cm deep and the thermal conductivity was determined in two experimental sites in the Pampa biome, for the period 01.01.2015 to 06.31.2015. It was found that there are differences between the sites in the capacity to retain moisture in the soil and in the ability to store energy in the soil for the study period.

scholarly journals Spatial and temporal variability of cv. Tempranillo response within the Toro DO (Spain) and projected changes under climate change

OENO One ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 349-366
Author(s):  
María Concepción Ramos ◽  
Daniël T.H.C. Go ◽  
Santiago Castro
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Bud Break ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
Projected Changes ◽  
Phenological Phases

This work aimed to analyse the spatial and temporal variability of the response of Tempranillo variety within the Toro Designation of Origin (DO) and the potential changes under climate change scenarios. The research included the analysis of phenology (bud break, bloom, veraison and maturity) and grape composition at harvest recorded in plots located at seven locations in the DO, at elevations between 667 and 779 m above the sea level (a.s.l.). Changes in phenology and composition were projected for 2050 and 2070 under two emission scenarios (Representative Concentration Pathways RCP4.5 and RCP8.5), considering the predicted changes in climate variables using an ensemble of models. Variations in the phenological timing of up to 28 days for bud break, bloom and veraison and up to 30 days for maturity were recorded during the period analysed and titratable acidity varied between 4 and 8 gL-1. The variability in phenology and grape acidity was mainly driven by temperature and available water in different periods between phenological stages, although the effect of soil properties was also confirmed. Under warmer conditions, an advance of all phenological phases was projected (up to 6, 6, 8 and 12 days by 2050 under the RCP4.5 scenario and near double under the RCP8.5 scenario). In addition, a decrease in titratable acidity is projected (about 1.1 and 1.4 gL-1 by 2050, respectively, under the RCP4.5 and the RCP8.5 scenario and up to 2.0 gL-1 by 2070 under the warmest scenario). The results were in agreement with the variability observed in years with contrasting weather conditions.

Computational Statistics in Climatology

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilya Polyak
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Computational Statistics ◽  
Design And Development ◽  
Random Functions ◽  
The World

Scientific descriptions of the climate have traditionally been based on the study of average meteorological values taken from different positions around the world. In recent years however it has become apparent that these averages should be considered with other statistics that ultimately characterize spatial and temporal variability. This book is designed to meet that need. It is based on a course in computational statistics taught by the author that arose from a variety of projects on the design and development of software for the study of climate change, using statistics and methods of random functions.

scholarly journals Importance of reporting ancillary site characteristics, and management and disturbance information at ICOS stations

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Saunders ◽  
Sigrid Dengel ◽  
Pasi Kolari ◽  
Christine Moureaux ◽  
Leonardo Montagnani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Gas Dynamics ◽  
Observation System ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
European Research ◽  
System A ◽  
Management Interventions ◽  
Site Characteristics

Abstract There are many factors that influence ecosystem scale carbon, nitrogen and greenhouse gas dynamics, including the inherent heterogeneity of soils and vegetation, anthropogenic management interventions, and biotic and abiotic disturbance events. It is important therefore, to document the characteristics of the soils and vegetation and to accurately report all management activities, and disturbance events to aid the interpretation of collected data, and to determine whether the ecosystem either amplifies or mitigates climate change. This paper outlines the importance of assessing both the spatial and temporal variability of soils and vegetation and to report all management events, the import or export of C or N from the ecosystem, and the occurrence of biotic/abiotic disturbances at ecosystem stations of the Integrated Carbon Observation System, a pan-European research infrastructure.

scholarly journals Spatial–Temporal Variability of Snow Cover and Depth in the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 1521-1533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenfang Xu ◽  
Lijuan Ma ◽  
Minna Ma ◽  
Haicheng Zhang ◽  
Wenping Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Snow Cover ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Snow Depth ◽  
Initial Increase ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Important Challenge ◽  
In Situ Observations

Abstract Changes in snow cover over the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau have attracted much attention in recent years owing to climate change. Because of the limitations of in situ observations, only a few studies have analyzed the dynamics of snow cover. Using observations from 103 meteorological stations across the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau, this study investigated the spatial and temporal variability of snow depth and the number of snow-cover days. The results show a very weak negative trend for the snow depth and the number of snow-cover days in spring and winter from 1961 to 2010, but two different trends were found: an initial increase followed by a decrease. In summer and autumn, snow depth and the number of snow-cover days show a significant decreasing trend for most sites. The duration of snow cover exhibits a significant decreasing trend (−3.5 ± 1.2 days decade−1), which was jointly controlled by a later snow starting time (1.6 ± 0.8 days decade−1) and an earlier snow ending time (−1.9 ± 0.8 days decade−1) consistent with a response to climate change. This study highlights the competing effects of rising temperatures and changing precipitation, which remain an important challenge in understanding and interpreting the observed changes in snow depth and the number of snow-cover days for the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau.

Contemporary monitoring of storm surge activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Ji ◽  
Guosheng Li
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Storm Surge ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Satellite Altimetry ◽  
Storm Surges ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Tide Gauges ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Rising Sea Levels

There is growing interest in storm surge activity related to catastrophic events and their unintended consequences in terms of casualties and damage around the world and in increasing populations and issues along coastal areas in the context of global warming and rising sea levels. Accordingly, knowledge on storm surge monitoring has progressed significantly in recent years, and this review, focused on monitoring the spatial and temporal variability of storm surges, responds to the need for a synthesis. Three main components are presented in the review: (1) monitoring storm surges from the viewpoint of three effective approaches; (2) understanding the challenges faced by the three monitoring approaches to increase our awareness of monitoring storm surges; (3) identifying three research priorities and orientations to provide new ideas in future storm surge monitoring. From the perspective of monitoring approaches, recent progress was achieved with respect to tide gauges, satellite altimetry and numerical simulation. Storm surge events can nowadays be identified accurately, and the surge heights can be calculated based on long-term tide gauge observations. The changing frequency and intensity of storm surge activity, combined with statistical analysis and climatology, can be used to enable a better understanding of the possible regional or global long-term trends. Compared with tidal observation data, satellite altimetry has the advantage of providing offshore sea level information to an accuracy of 10 cm. In addition, satellite altimetry can provide more effective observations for studying storm surges, such as transient surge data of the deep ocean. Simultaneously, the study of storm surges via numerical simulation has been further developed, mainly reflected in the gradual improvement of simulation accuracy but also in the refinement of comprehensive factors affecting storm surge activity. However, from the above approaches, storm surge activity monitoring cannot fully reflect the spatial and temporal variability of storm surges, especially the spatial changes at a regional or global scale. In particular, compared to global storm surge, tide gauges and satellite altimeters are relatively sparse, and the spatial distribution is extremely uneven, which often seriously restricts the overall understanding of the spatial distribution features of storm surge activity. Numerical models can be used as a tool to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings for storm surge monitoring, as they provide real-time spatiotemporal features of storm surge events. But long-term numerical hindcast of tides and surges requires an extremely high computational effort. Considering the shortcomings of the above approaches and the impact of climate change, there is no clear approach to remedy the framework for studying the spatial and temporal characteristics of global or regional storm surge activity at a climatic scale. Therefore, we show how new insights or techniques are useful for the monitoring of future crises. This work is especially important in planning efforts by policymakers, coastal managers, civil protection managers and the general public to adapt to climate change and rising sea levels.

Understanding spatial and temporal variability of N leaching reduction by winter cover crops under climate change

2021 ◽  
Vol 771 ◽  
pp. 144770
Author(s):  
Edmar Teixeira ◽  
Kurt Christian Kersebaum ◽  
Anne-Gaelle Ausseil ◽  
Rogerio Cichota ◽  
Jing Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
N Leaching ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Winter Cover ◽  
Winter Cover Crops
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