scholarly journals OnionPIR: Effective Protection of Sensitive Metadata in Online Communication Networks

2017 ◽  
pp. 599-619
Author(s):  
Daniel Demmler ◽  
Marco Holz ◽  
Thomas Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Communication Networks ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Effective Protection

scholarly journals Existence of outsiders as a characteristic of online communication networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-447
Author(s):  
TARO TAKAGUCHI ◽  
TAKANORI MAEHARA ◽  
KEN-ICHI KAWARABAYASHI ◽  
MASASHI TOYODA
Keyword(s):  
Social Networking ◽  
Communication Networks ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Interaction Structure ◽  
Social Networking Services ◽  
The Public ◽  
User Groups ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Node Removal ◽  
Number Of Individuals

AbstractOnline social networking services involve communication activities between large number of individuals over the public Internet and their crawled records are often regarded as proxies of real (i.e., offline) interaction structure. However, structure observed in these records might differ from real counterparts because individuals may behave differently online and non-human accounts may even participate. To understand the difference between online and real social networks, we investigate an empirical communication network between users on Twitter, which is perhaps one of the largest social networking services. We define a network of user pairs that send reciprocal messages. Based on the correlation between degree of adjacent nodes observed in this network, we hypothesize that this network differs from conventional understandings in the sense that there is a small number of distinctive users that we call outsiders. Outsiders do not belong to any user groups but they are connected with different groups, while not being well connected with each other. We identify outsiders by maximizing the degree assortativity coefficient of the network via node removal, thereby confirming that local structural properties of outsiders identified are consistent with our hypothesis. Our findings suggest that the existence of outsiders should be considered when using Twitter communication networks for social network analysis.

Realization and use of a digital portable Weather Station - An integrated example of technological applications of low cost and high quality professional hardware platforms for innovative laboratory teaching in the classroom

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pietro Crimi
Keyword(s):  
Communication Networks ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Lower Troposphere ◽  
Mobile Systems ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Weather Station ◽  
Laboratory Teaching

<p>As part of the innovation in the laboratory teaching of Natural Sciences, an experimental path of learning of Atmospheric Sciences and Microclimates is proposed in continuation and evolution, which was presented with a poster at the GIFT workshop 2017, an experience of project, construction and use of a mobile and portable Weather Station with digital features.By identifying the main parameters that measure the physical characteristics of the lower troposphere and the corresponding sensors responsible for detecting instantaneous weather data, a project was developed for the construction of a mini weather station with an assembly system of modular electronic components in "open source" , such as those of the "Arduino" platform (series of electronic boards equipped with a microcontroller). In this way, a device for controlling the main weather parameters (temperature, atmospheric pressure, relative humidity, ...) in real time in any part of the territory was achieved relatively quickly and easily. The hardware platform in pre-assembled version, with specific microcontrollers and USB interface for connections to the most advanced computer devices, together with the sensors, which can be acquired through the online network, allow you to create a completely inexpensive but absolutely professional, effective and efficient weather mobile system as well as easily transportable in various external and internal environments. The subsequent data collection, through visualization with advanced technology display and fast and online communication networks, by means of applications for mobile systems (tablets and smartphones), integrated by field observations, define the instantaneous weather and to process meteorological data in statistical terms with simple operations and graphs.</p>

scholarly journals Variations in power of opinion leaders in online communication networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 180642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsin Adalat ◽  
Muaz A. Niazi ◽  
Athanasios V. Vasilakos
Keyword(s):  
Communication Networks ◽  
Online Discussion ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Communication Patterns ◽  
Opinion Leaders ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Online Social Media ◽  
Different Types

Online social media has completely transformed how we communicate with each other. While online discussion platforms are available in the form of applications and websites, an emergent outcome of this transformation is the phenomenon of ‘opinion leaders’. A number of previous studies have been presented to identify opinion leaders in online discussion networks. In particular, Feng (2016 Comput. Hum. Behav. 54 , 43–53. ( doi:10.1016/j.chb.2015.07.052 )) has identified five different types of central users besides outlining their communication patterns in an online communication network. However, the presented work focuses on a limited time span. The question remains as to whether similar communication patterns exist that will stand the test of time over longer periods. Here, we present a critical analysis of the Feng framework both for short-term as well as for longer periods. Additionally, for validation, we take another case study presented by Udanor et al. (2016 Program 50 , 481–507. ( doi:10.1108/PROG-02-2016-0011 )) to further understand these dynamics. Results indicate that not all Feng-based central users may be identifiable in the longer term. Conversation starter and influencers were noted as opinion leaders in the network. These users play an important role as information sources in long-term discussions. Whereas network builder and active engager help in connecting otherwise sparse communities. Furthermore, we discuss the changing positions of opinion leaders and their power to keep isolates interested in an online discussion network.

scholarly journals The Role and Impact of Social Media on Online Social Movements: An Analysis of ‘ALS Ice Bucket Challenge’ in India

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1 (39)) ◽  
pp. 102-119
Author(s):  
PARTHASARATHI ◽  
Grishma KUMARI
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Social Movements ◽  
Communication Networks ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Media Campaigns ◽  
Online Social Media ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Method Approach

Online social movements have taken root and flourished in the last decade due to online communication networks attributed to Social media. In this paper, the mixed-method approach is utilized for qualita- tive and quantitative analysis to investigate the efficacy of social media in propounding the outcome of online social movements in India. Further, several factors which have a definite impact on the outcomes of such online social movements are highlighted. This study concludes that online social media campaigns can be viewed as an extension of ‘social norms media campaigns’. Further, it establishes that the internet penetration in India coupled with ‘online peer pressure’ accompanying such movements has ef- fectively aroused the consciousness of users towards such campaigns. It also highlights the alteration in the process of diffusion of ideas in society due to the advent of social media platforms.

scholarly journals Comparing the measurement of different social networks: Peer nominations, online communication, and proximity data

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. van Woudenberg ◽  
K. E. Bevelander ◽  
W. J. Burk ◽  
C. R. Smit ◽  
L. Buijs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Communication Networks ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
First Year ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Proximity Data ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Unobtrusive Measures ◽  
Peer Nominations

AbstractBackground:Technological progress has enabled researchers to use new unobtrusive measures of relationships between actors in social network analysis. However, research on how these unobtrusive measures of peer connections relate to traditional sociometric nominations in adolescents is scarce. Therefore, the current study compared traditional peer nominated networks with more unobtrusive measures of peer connections: Communication networks that consist of instant messages in an online social platform and proximity networks based on smartphones’ Bluetooth signals that measure peer proximity. The three social network types were compared in their coverage, stability, overlap, and the extent to which the networks exhibit the often observed sex segregation in adolescent social networks.Method:Two samples were derived from the MyMovez project: a longitudinal sample of 444 adolescents who participated in the first three waves of the first year of the project (Y1; 51% male; Mage = 11.29, SDage = 1.26) and a cross-sectional sample of 774 adolescents that participated in fifth wave in the third year (Y3; 48% male; Mage = 10.76, SDage = 1.23). In the project, all participants received a research smartphone and a wrist-worn accelerometer. On the research smartphone, participants received daily questionnaires such as peer nomination questions (i.e., nominated network). In addition, the smartphone automatically scanned for other smartphones via Bluetooth signal every 15 minutes of the day (i.e., proximity network). In the Y3 sample, the research smartphone also had a social platform in which participants could send messages to each other (i.e., communication network).Results:The results show that nominated networks provided data for the most participants compared to the other two networks, but in these networks, participants had the lowest number of connections with peers. Nominated networks showed to be more stable over time compared to proximity or communication networks. That is, more connections remained the same in nominated networks than in proximity networks over the three waves of Y1. The overlap between the three networks was rather small, indicating that the networks measured different types of connections. Nominated and communication networks were segregated by sex, whereas this was less the case in proximity networks.Conclusion:The communication and proximity networks seem to be promising unobtrusive measures of peer connections and are less of a burden to the participant compared to a nominated network. However, given the structural differences between the networks and the number of connections per wave, the communication and proximity networks should not be used as direct substitutes for sociometric nominations, and researchers should bear in mind what type of connections they wish to assess.

scholarly journals Institutional and individual dimensions of transatlantic group work in network-based language teaching

ReCALL ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
JULIE A. BELZ
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Communication Networks ◽  
Social Action ◽  
Group Work ◽  
Cultural Awareness ◽  
Sociological Theory ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Language Education ◽  
United States Department

Network-based language teaching (NBLT) involves the application of global or local communication networks within foreign and second language education (Warschauer and Kern, 2000). In telecollaboration, a type of NBLT, distally located language learners use internet communication tools to support dialogue, debate, collaborative research and social interaction for the purposes of language development and cultural awareness (e.g. Kinginger et al., 1999). To date, the research on NBLT has been limited, focusing primarily on pedagogical implementations of technology and linguistic features of online communication. In particular, researchers have not robustly explored social and institutional dimensions of telecollaboration (Chapelle, 2000:217) nor have they adequately investigated the pervasive assumption that telecollaborative interaction will necessarily and unproblematically afford language learning (e.g. Kramsch and Thorne, to appear). Drawing on social realism (Layder, 1993), a sociological theory which emphasizes the inter-relationship between structure, i.e. society and institution, and agency, i.e. situated activity and psycho-biography, in researching and explaining social action, I present a sociocultural account of German-American telecollaboration. In particular, I explore the meanings that the macro features of (1) language valuation (Hilgendorf, 1996); (2) membership in electronic discourse communities (Gee, 1999); and (3) culturally determined classroom scripts (Hatch, 1992) may have for the differential functionality of virtual group work in this partnership. Differences in group functionality are reflected at the micro-interactional level in terms of (1) frequency and length of correspondence; (2) patterns of discursive behavior such as question-answer pairs; and (3) opportunities for assisted L2 performance and negotiation of meaning. Ethnographic data (e.g. interviews, electronic and classroom discourse, surveys and participant observations) on individual psycho-biographies are interwoven with macro-level descriptions and statistics to paint a rich picture of learner behavior in intercultural telecollaboration. This project is funded by a United States Department of Education International Research and Studies Program Grant (CFDA No.: 84.017A). The author is a research associate for the German component.

Social Media’s Position in Web Within the Scope of Online Information Flow

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Burak Polat
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Communication Networks ◽  
Information Flow ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Online Information ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Mesh Structure ◽  
Web Technologies ◽  
Small Set ◽  
Topological Position

World Wide Web (Web) is commercialized at the very end of 20th century and now, in the 21st century, almost half of the human society is using it. Web technologies have evolved and a relatively small set of them has a capacity of simulating complexity of sociality via interpersonal interactions; to define this small set many terms have been suggested, yet social media has been widely used by many scholars. Social media is a set of online communication networks that constitutes a crucial hub for producing, accessing and diffusing information. Inquiry on understanding the online flow of the information, it is essential to understand the topological position of social media within web’s mesh structure. In this paper at first communication and information terms will be defined and social media will be discussed within the scope of complexity and information flow terms from network science and communication science perspective. At last, a graph analysis example on social media’s topological position within web will be shared to emphasize social media’s importance on online information flow.

A SYSTEM FOR PROTECTING AN OIL DIFFUSION PUMP AGAINST FAILURE OF THE MECHANICAL FORE PUMP, COOLING WATER, OR ELECTRICITY

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 344-345
Author(s):  
W. C. Bigelow ◽  
F. B. Drogosz ◽  
S. Nitschke
Keyword(s):  
High Vacuum ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Effective Protection ◽  
Pump Line ◽  
Diffusion Pump ◽  
System Pressure ◽  
Control Relay ◽  
Vacuum Systems ◽  
Vacuum Gage ◽  
Pressure Switch

High vacuum systems with oil diffusion pumps usually have a pressure switch to protect against Insufficient cooling water; however, If left unattended for long periods of time, failure of the mechanical fore pump can occur with equally serious results. The device shown schematically in Fig. 1 has been found to give effective protection against both these failures, yet it is inexpensive and relatively simple to build and operate.With this system, pressure in the fore pump line is measured by thermocouple vacuum gage TVG (CVC G.TC-004) whose output is monitored by meter relay MRy (Weston 1092 Sensitrol) which is set to close if the pressure rises above about 0.2 torr. This energizes control relay CRy (Potter & Brumfield KA5Y 120VAC SPDT) cutting off power to solenoid-operated fore line valve Vf (Cenco 94280-4 Norm. Closed) which closes to prevent further leakage of air into the diffusion pump

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