Detection and Prediction of Natural Hazards Using Large-Scale Environmental Data

2017 ◽  
pp. 300-316
Author(s):  
Nina Hubig ◽  
Philip Fengler ◽  
Andreas Züfle ◽  
Ruixin Yang ◽  
Stephan Günnemann
Keyword(s):  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Environmental Data

scholarly journals FORECASTING OF DAMAGES FROM NATURAL HAZARDS FOR THE “NORTHERN CAUCASUS RESORTS” TOURIST CLUSTER

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-356
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav BABURIN ◽  
◽  
Svetlana BADINA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Northern Caucasus ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
The North ◽  
Study Results

The article proposes a methodological approach to potential damage from natural hazards forecasting in case of large-scale investment projects realization in ski tourism planning, as well as to assessing changes in the vulnerability of the territory in which these projects will be implemented. The method was verified on the data of the “Northern Caucasus Resorts” tourist cluster. The study purpose is the creation and verification of a methodology for socio-economic damage predicting in limit values and vulnerability changing in the regions of the “North Caucasus Resorts” tourist cluster objects localization for the long term. Research methods – statistical (a structural approach based on the identification of common structural patterns of several sets). The lack of statistical information on significant parameters for forecasting determine necessitates of using the various logically non-contradictory revaluations based on the identified structural similarities for the calculation of their values within the planning horizon. The study results and main conclusions – in case of the “North Caucasus Resorts” tourist cluster creation the number of people potentially located in avalanche and mudflow danger areas will significantly increase in all of its facilities localization municipalities, which indicate an increase in the individual risk of death level for this territory. The present population in the ski season in some of the most remote and underdeveloped areas can increase up to 30 times. The increment in the value of the fixed assets for the municipalities under consideration will be from two to 90 times, potential damages in limit values will reach tens of billions rubles.

scholarly journals Global distribution of soapberries (Sapindus L.) habitats under current and future climate scenarios

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiming Liu ◽  
Lianchun Wang ◽  
Caowen Sun ◽  
Benye Xi ◽  
Doudou Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Climate Projections ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Maxent Model ◽  
Mean Temperature ◽  
Suitable Habitats ◽  
Large Scale Cultivation

AbstractSapindus (Sapindus L.) is a widely distributed economically important tree genus that provides biodiesel, biomedical and biochemical products. However, with climate change, deforestation, and economic development, the diversity of Sapindus germplasms may face the risk of destruction. Therefore, utilising historical environmental data and future climate projections from the BCC-CSM2-MR global climate database, we simulated the current and future global distributions of suitable habitats for Sapindus using a Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) model. The estimated ecological thresholds for critical environmental factors were: a minimum temperature of 0–20 °C in the coldest month, soil moisture levels of 40–140 mm, a mean temperature of 2–25 °C in the driest quarter, a mean temperature of 19–28 °C in the wettest quarter, and a soil pH of 5.6–7.6. The total suitable habitat area was 6059.97 × 104 km2, which was unevenly distributed across six continents. As greenhouse gas emissions increased over time, the area of suitable habitats contracted in lower latitudes and expanded in higher latitudes. Consequently, surveys and conservation should be prioritised in southern hemisphere areas which are in danger of becoming unsuitable. In contrast, other areas in northern and central America, China, and India can be used for conservation and large-scale cultivation in the future.

Mitigating Impacts of Natural Hazards on Fishery Ecosystems

2008 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Gulf Coast ◽  
Commercial Fishing ◽  
Single Beam ◽  
Coastal Bays ◽  
Fishing Vessels ◽  
Northern Gulf Coast ◽  
Hurricanes Katrina And Rita ◽  
Survey Planning

<em>Abstract</em>.—Hurricanes Katrina and Rita critically impacted the northern Gulf Coast. Shrimping and other commercial fishing industries saw large scale destruction of vessels and shore based facilities in addition to a deposition of large amounts of debris on fishing grounds from Alabama to Louisiana. In 2006, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA’s) Office of Coast Survey and Office of Response and Restoration started the implementation of a large scale hazards survey program to map the coastal waters of Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama. The first phase of the effort involved surveying more than 600 square nautical miles of coastal bays and nearshore waters with sidescan and single beam acoustic sonar. Survey findings are posted each week on a NOAA public Web site displaying the location of each hazard and debris found. The survey work is also updating the NOAA navigation charts for coastal areas that are used heavily by fishing vessels, the navigation industry, and recreational boaters. Survey planning and implementation is conducted cooperatively with the marine fisheries agencies of Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana.

scholarly journals Institutions and the losses from natural disasters

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 627-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Raschky
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Natural Process ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Hazard Management ◽  
Human Economic Activity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Abstract. Natural hazards can be seen as a function of a specific natural process and human (economic) activity. Whereby the bulk of literature on natural hazard management has its focus on the natural process, an increasing number of scholars is emphasizing the importance of human activity in this context. Existing literature has identified certain socio-economic factors that determine the impact of natural disasters on society. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the effects of the institutional framework that influences human behavior by setting incentives and to point out the importance of institutional vulnerability. Results from an empirical investigation of large scale natural disasters between 1984 and 2004 show that countries with better institutions experience less victims and lower economic losses from natural disasters. In addition, the results suggest a non-linear relationship between economic development and economic disaster losses. The suggestions in this paper have implications for the discussion on how to deal with the adverse effects of natural hazards and how to develop efficient adaption strategies.

A Multi-Robot Testbed for Adaptive Sampling Experimentation via Radio Frequency Fields

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Acain ◽  
Christopher Kitts ◽  
Thomas Adamek ◽  
Kamak Ebadi ◽  
Mike Rasay
Keyword(s):  
Scalar Field ◽  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Adaptive Sampling ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Sampled Data ◽  
Wireless Transmitters ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Multi Robot

Adaptive navigation is the process by which a vehicle determines where to go based on information received while moving through the field of interest. Adaptive sampling is a specific form of this in which that information is environmental data sampled by the robot. This may be beneficial in order to save time/energy compared to a conventional navigation strategy in which the entire field is traversed. Our work in this area focuses on multi-robot gradient-based techniques for the adaptive sampling of a scalar field. To date, we have experimentally demonstrated multi-robot gradient ascent/descent as well as contour following using automated marine surface vessels. In simulation we have verified controllers for ridge descent / valley ascent as well as saddle point detection and loitering. To support rapid development of our controllers, we have developed a new testbed using wireless transmitters to establish a simple, large-scale, customizable scalar field based on the strength of the radio frequency field. A cluster of six land rovers equipped with radio signal strength sensors is then used to process sampled data, to make adaptive decisions on how to move, and to execute those moves. In this paper, we describe the technical design of the testbed, present initial experimental results, and describe our ongoing research and development work in the area of adaptive sampling and multi-robot control.

Energy-Saving Technologies of WSN

2012 ◽  
Vol 605-607 ◽  
pp. 566-569
Author(s):  
Rong Mao Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Sensor Node ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Working Life ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Wireless Sensor Node ◽  
Node Energy

In order to layout convenient the wireless sensor node generally used battery for power supply, the node require working up to several months or even years but battery replacement was difficult or impossible. In this paper, research does not affect the function of WSN how to save the node energy consumption, which can work more time in large-scale collection, processing and communication of complex environmental data. Results show that the energy-saving technologies can be to reduce the energy consumption of 55.6%, which can greatly extend the working life of the wireless sensor node battery.

Multi-dimensional visualization of large-scale marine hydrological environmental data

2016 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
pp. 7-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianyun Su ◽  
Zhu Cao ◽  
Zhihan Lv ◽  
Chang Liu ◽  
Xinfang Li
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Environmental Data

scholarly journals Quality assured sampling by engaged citizen scientists supports state agency coastal water quality monitoring programs

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Falinski ◽  
Tova Callender ◽  
Emily Fielding ◽  
Robin Newbold ◽  
Dana Reed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
State Agency ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Monitoring Programs ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystems ◽  
Non Profit Organizations

Pacific island coral reef ecosystems are particularly threatened by anthropogenic stresses we can manage in the context of global threats we cannot control. State agencies are challenged to sample coastal waters at the spatial and temporal resolution needed to make decisions about improving watershed management. The acquisition of environmental data by committed non-profit organizations and trained community members represents a major opportunity to support agency monitoring programs and to complement field campaigns in the study of watershed dynamics. When data collection protocols match state agency protocols and these are supported by sufficient documentation there is an opportunity to create regulatory-quality data that can inform management. We describe the formation of the first volunteer group in Hawaii to establish a quality assured water quality sampling program to match the Hawaii Department of Health’s protocols. Hui O Ka Wai Ola, a partnership between three non-profit organizations on Maui, Hawaii, has trained 40 volunteers to use methods that directly match the state program. The group has taken over 900 discrete samples at 48 sites, providing the most comprehensive picture of water quality in Maui to date, motivating community activism and catalyzing large-scale restoration efforts in the adjoining watersheds. Results highlight coastal areas that have poor water quality, delineate a baseline from which to compare future restoration projects, and emphasize parts of the sampling protocol that might be improved for more reliable data.

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