Equipment and Clinical Practice: Aids to Localization of Peripheral Nerves

2018 ◽  
pp. 201-211
Author(s):  
Bryan Tischenkel ◽  
Beverly Pearce-Smith ◽  
Johnny K. Lee ◽  
Karina Gritsenko
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Peripheral Nerves

scholarly journals Top-10 Tips for Getting Started with Magnetic Resonance Neurography

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (04) ◽  
pp. 347-360
Author(s):  
Majid Chalian ◽  
Avneesh Chhabra
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Patient Selection ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Imaging Technique ◽  
Routine Clinical Practice ◽  
Mr Neurography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Neurography ◽  
Technical Cost ◽  
Imaging Pitfalls

AbstractMagnetic resonance neurography (MRN), also known as MR neurography, is a dedicated imaging technique for the peripheral nerves, used both in a clinical setting and research. However, like any other new diagnostic processes, there are technical, cost, and patient selection issues to overcome as well as potential imaging pitfalls to recognize before MRN can be adopted efficiently into routine clinical practice. This review focuses on the 10 most important practical tips to get started with MRN with a view to shortening the time needed for radiologists to implement this clinically useful technique into their imaging practices.

Reflex studies

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josep Valls-Solé
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Clinical Neurophysiology ◽  
Special Equipment ◽  
Motor Pathway ◽  
Sensory Inputs ◽  
Recording Channels ◽  
Health And Disease

Reflex studies are an important part of clinical neurophysiology assessment in health and disease. They are essential to get information on conduction in proximal segments of peripheral nerves, spinal and supraspinal integration of sensory inputs on the motor pathway, and excitability of motor structures. They do not require special equipment, except for a sweep-triggering hammer that is essential, for instance, to elicit monosynaptic reflexes, such as the jaw jerk. For consensual reflexes, it is also recommended to use two recording channels, which facilitate recognition of potential disturbances in the afferent or efferent path of the reflex. What follows is a review of some of the most relevant reflexes that can be studied for neurophysiology assessment in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Man in the Barrel Syndrome Following TEVAR

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Biao Zhi ◽  
◽  
Xiangke Niu ◽  
Yong Chen ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Ischemia ◽  
Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Upper Limbs ◽  
Intracranial Lesions ◽  
The Brain

Man-in-the-Barrel Syndrome (MIBS) is a neurological disorder characterized by the paralysis of both upper limbs without paralysis of both lower limbs or paralysis of the pathological reflex and is very rare in clinical practice. The pathogenesis of MIBS varies and includes disorders of the brain, brainstem, spinal cord or peripheral nerves. Most cases are due to intracranial lesions, and MIBS caused by cervical spinal cord ischemia is particularly rare. This study reports a case of MIBS caused by cervical spinal cord ischemia one day after Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair (TEVAR).

Evidence for a Blood Ganglion Barrier in the Superior Cervical Ganglion of the Rat

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 204-204
Author(s):  
D. M. DePace
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Superior Cervical Ganglion ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Time Schedule ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Cervical Ganglion ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Cervical Ganglia ◽  
Capillary Circulation ◽  
And Control

The majority of blood vessels in the superior cervical ganglion possess a continuous endothelium with tight junctions. These same features have been associated with the blood brain barrier of the central nervous system and peripheral nerves. These vessels may perform a barrier function between the capillary circulation and the superior cervical ganglion. The permeability of the blood vessels in the superior cervical ganglion of the rat was tested by intravenous injection of horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Three experimental groups of four animals each were given intravenous HRP (Sigma Type II) in a dosage of.08 to.15 mg/gm body weight in.5 ml of.85% saline. The animals were sacrificed at five, ten or 15 minutes following administration of the tracer. Superior cervical ganglia were quickly removed and fixed by immersion in 2.5% glutaraldehyde in Sorenson's.1M phosphate buffer, pH 7.4. Three control animals received,5ml of saline without HRP. These were sacrificed on the same time schedule. Tissues from experimental and control animals were reacted for peroxidase activity and then processed for routine transmission electron microscopy.

Intramuscular Nerve and Neuromuscular Junction Alteration In Extraocular Muscles of Diabetic Mice

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 682-683
Author(s):  
Bruce R. Pachter
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Extraocular Muscles ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Oculomotor Palsy ◽  
Third Nerve Palsy ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Intramuscular Nerve ◽  
Oculomotor Nerves

Diabetes mellitus is one of the commonest causes of neuropathy. Diabetic neuropathy is a heterogeneous group of neuropathic disorders to which patients with diabetes mellitus are susceptible; more than one kind of neuropathy can frequently occur in the same individual. Abnormalities are also known to occur in nearly every anatomic subdivision of the eye in diabetic patients. Oculomotor palsy appears to be common in diabetes mellitus for their occurrence in isolation to suggest diabetes. Nerves to the external ocular muscles are most commonly affected, particularly the oculomotor or third cranial nerve. The third nerve palsy of diabetes is characteristic, being of sudden onset, accompanied by orbital and retro-orbital pain, often associated with complete involvement of the external ocular muscles innervated by the nerve. While the human and experimental animal literature is replete with studies on the peripheral nerves in diabetes mellitus, there is but a paucity of reported studies dealing with the oculomotor nerves and their associated extraocular muscles (EOMs).

Innervation of endoneurial microvessels in human sural nerve

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 920-921
Author(s):  
John L. Beggs ◽  
Peter C. Johnson ◽  
Astrid G. Olafsen ◽  
C. Jane Watkins
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Blood Supply ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Sural Nerve ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Arterial Supply ◽  
Autonomic Nerve ◽  
Vasa Nervorum ◽  
Endoneurial Blood Flow

The blood supply (vasa nervorum) to peripheral nerves is composed of an interconnected dual circulation. The endoneurium of nerve fascicles is maintained by the intrinsic circulation which is composed of microvessels primarily of capillary caliber. Transperineurial arterioles link the intrinsic circulation with the extrinsic arterial supply located in the epineurium. Blood flow in the vasa nervorum is neurogenically influenced (1,2). Although a recent hypothesis proposes that endoneurial blood flow is controlled by the action of autonomic nerve fibers associated with epineurial arterioles (2), our recent studies (3) show that in addition to epineurial arterioles other segments of the vasa nervorum are also innervated. In this study, we examine blood vessels of the endoneurium for possible innervation.

The miR-21 potential of serving as a biomarker for liver diseases in clinical practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 2295-2305
Author(s):  
Jiawei Zhang ◽  
Dandan Li ◽  
Rui Zhang ◽  
Peng Gao ◽  
Rongxue Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Hepatic Disease ◽  
Noninvasive Detection ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Expected Performance ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Disease Condition ◽  
Complex Regulatory Network

The role of miR-21 in the pathogenesis of various liver diseases, together with the possibility of detecting microRNA in the circulation, makes miR-21 a potential biomarker for noninvasive detection. In this review, we summarize the potential utility of extracellular miR-21 in the clinical management of hepatic disease patients and compared it with the current clinical practice. MiR-21 shows screening and prognostic value for liver cancer. In liver cirrhosis, miR-21 may serve as a biomarker for the differentiating diagnosis and prognosis. MiR-21 is also a potential biomarker for the severity of hepatitis. We elucidate the disease condition under which miR-21 testing can reach the expected performance. Though miR-21 is a key regulator of liver diseases, microRNAs coordinate with each other in the complex regulatory network. As a result, the performance of miR-21 is better when combined with other microRNAs or classical biomarkers under certain clinical circumstances.

Meeting the Best Practice for Hearing Aid Verification in Children: Challenges and Future Directions

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 877-894
Author(s):  
Nur Azyani Amri ◽  
Tian Kar Quar ◽  
Foong Yen Chong
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Klang Valley ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Fitting Hearing Aids

Purpose This study examined the current pediatric amplification practice with an emphasis on hearing aid verification using probe microphone measurement (PMM), among audiologists in Klang Valley, Malaysia. Frequency of practice, access to PMM system, practiced protocols, barriers, and perception toward the benefits of PMM were identified through a survey. Method A questionnaire was distributed to and filled in by the audiologists who provided pediatric amplification service in Klang Valley, Malaysia. One hundred eight ( N = 108) audiologists, composed of 90.3% women and 9.7% men (age range: 23–48 years), participated in the survey. Results PMM was not a clinical routine practiced by a majority of the audiologists, despite its recognition as the best clinical practice that should be incorporated into protocols for fitting hearing aids in children. Variations in practice existed warranting further steps to improve the current practice for children with hearing impairment. The lack of access to PMM equipment was 1 major barrier for the audiologists to practice real-ear verification. Practitioners' characteristics such as time constraints, low confidence, and knowledge levels were also identified as barriers that impede the uptake of the evidence-based practice. Conclusions The implementation of PMM in clinical practice remains a challenge to the audiology profession. A knowledge-transfer approach that takes into consideration the barriers and involves effective collaboration or engagement between the knowledge providers and potential stakeholders is required to promote the clinical application of evidence-based best practice.

Hybrid Telecoaching for Corporate Speech Training and Potential Applications to Clinical Practice

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 322-324
Author(s):  
Thomas F. Burke
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Engineering Teams ◽  
Corporate Strategies ◽  
Corporate Speech ◽  
Phone Calls ◽  
Future Clinical Practice ◽  
Fortune 100 ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Language Pathology ◽  
Development Engineering

Purpose The purpose of this article was to describe a model for “hybrid speech telecoaching” developed for a Fortune 100 organization and offer a “thought starter” on how clinicians might think of applying these corporate strategies within future clinical practice. Conclusion The author contends in this article that corporate telecommunications and best practices gleaned from software development engineering teams can lend credibility to e-mail, messaging apps, phone calls, or other emerging technology as viable means of hybrid telepractice delivery models and offer ideas about the future of more scalable speech-language pathology services.

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