Effects of the Concurrent Training Mode on Physiological Adaptations and Performance

2018 ◽  
pp. 197-211
Author(s):  
Moritz Schumann
Keyword(s):  
Concurrent Training ◽  
Physiological Adaptations ◽  
Training Mode ◽  
And Performance

Functional and physiological adaptations following concurrent training using sets with and without concentric failure in elderly men: A randomized clinical trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 182-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Lusa Cadore ◽  
Erik Menger ◽  
Juliana Lopes Teodoro ◽  
Larissa Xavier Neves da Silva ◽  
Francesco Pinto Boeno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Concurrent Training ◽  
Elderly Men ◽  
Physiological Adaptations

Effects of concurrent training on physical health and performance

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Jha ◽  
S. Khurana ◽  
K. Ali ◽  
I. Ahmad ◽  
S. Verma
Keyword(s):  
Physical Health ◽  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Concurrent Training ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Insight Into

The primary objective of this narrative review was to evaluate the current literature and to provide further insight into the role of concurrent training on various components of physical health or performance. Literature was obtained by electronic searches of databases using specific keywords. Combined effect of training sessions proved to be as beneficial as drug interactions. Results from cross-sectional, longitudinal, and intervention studies are reviewed and discussed with main focus on physical parameters, such as body composition, physiological parameters, molecular adaptation, athlete’s perspective, order of execution, interference phenomena and recovery. In conclusion, concurrent resistance and endurance training is an effective method for enhancing overall fitness as well as improving quality of life.

scholarly journals A Further Step to Develop Patient-Friendly Implementation Strategies for Virtual Reality–Based Rehabilitation in Patients With Acute Stroke

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (10) ◽  
pp. 1554-1564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minyoung Lee ◽  
Sung-Bom Pyun ◽  
Jinjoo Chung ◽  
Jungjin Kim ◽  
Seon-Deok Eun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Implementation Strategies ◽  
Early Mobilization ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Perceived Difficulty ◽  
Training Mode ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Major Factors

AbstractBackgroundVirtual reality (VR)–based rehabilitation is gaining attention as a way to promote early mobilization in patients with acute stroke. However, given the motor weakness and cognitive impairment associated with acute stroke, implementation strategies for overcoming patient-perceived difficulty need to be developed to enhance their motivation for training.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to explore patient-perceived difficulty and enjoyment during VR-based rehabilitation and the factors affecting those experiences.DesignAn exploratory mixed-method design was used in this study.MethodsEight individuals with acute stroke participated in 2 training modes of VR-based rehabilitation (ie, workout and game modes) 20 to 30 minutes per day for 5 to 8 sessions. A visual analog scale was used to assess patient-perceived difficulty and enjoyment at every session. Then semistructured interviews were conducted to explore the factors affecting those experiences.ResultsLevels of difficulty and enjoyment varied depending on the training mode and participants' phases of recovery. Five major factors were identified as affecting those varied experiences: (1) ease of following the directions, (2) experience of pain, (3) scores achieved, (4) novelty and immediate feedback, and (5) self-perceived effectiveness.ConclusionsLevels of difficulty and enjoyment during VR-based rehabilitation differed depending on the phases of recovery and training mode. Therefore, graded implementation strategies for VR-based rehabilitation are necessary for overcoming patient-perceived difficulty and enhancing enjoyment. Ease of following the directions might be best considered in the very early stage, whereas multisensory feedback may be more necessary in the later stage. Health professionals also should find a way for patients to avoid pain during training. Feedback, such as knowledge of results and performance, should be used appropriately.

Physiological Aspects of Early Specialized Athletic Training in Children

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-291
Author(s):  
Thomas W. Rowland
Keyword(s):  
Athletic Training ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
Intensive Training ◽  
Sport Training ◽  
Physiological Adaptations ◽  
Biological Development ◽  
And Performance

Performance in all forms of motor activity related to sport performance improves progressively during the course of the childhood years as a consequence of normal growth and development. Whether (a) sport training can accelerate and ultimately enhance this biological development and (b) the existence of certain ages when training might prove to be more effective in improving performance, particularly early in childhood, remains uncertain. Physiological adaptations to endurance training in prepubertal children (improvements in maximal oxygen uptake) are dampened compared with adults, but enhancements of strength following resistance training are equally effective at all ages. The extent that intensive training regimens characteristic of early sport specialization in children can trigger physiological and performance adaptations may therefore depend on the form of exercise involved. Clearly, additional research is needed to enhance the understanding of the physiological responses to intensive sport training in prepubertal individuals.

scholarly journals Does Vitamin C and E Supplementation Impair the Favorable Adaptations of Regular Exercise?

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michalis G. Nikolaidis ◽  
Chad M. Kerksick ◽  
Manfred Lamprecht ◽  
Steven R. McAnulty
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Training Adaptations ◽  
Radical Production ◽  
Physiological Adaptations ◽  
Contradictory Evidence ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Additional Support ◽  
And Training

The detrimental outcomes associated with unregulated and excessive production of free radicals remains a physiological concern that has implications to health, medicine and performance. Available evidence suggests that physiological adaptations to exercise training can enhance the body’s ability to quench free radicals and circumstantial evidence exists to suggest that key vitamins and nutrients may provide additional support to mitigate the untoward effects associated with increased free radical production. However, controversy has risen regarding the potential outcomes associated with vitamins C and E, two popular antioxidant nutrients. Recent evidence has been put forth suggesting that exogenous administration of these antioxidants may be harmful to performance making interpretations regarding the efficacy of antioxidants challenging. The available studies that employed both animal and human models provided conflicting outcomes regarding the efficacy of vitamin C and E supplementation, at least partly due to methodological differences in assessing oxidative stress and training adaptations. Based on the contradictory evidence regarding the effects of higher intakes of vitamin C and/or E on exercise performance and redox homeostasis, a permanent intake of non-physiological dosages of vitamin C and/or E cannot be recommended to healthy, exercising individuals.

scholarly journals Carbohydrate Considerations for Athletes with a Spinal Cord Injury

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2177
Author(s):  
Belinda Ruettimann ◽  
Claudio Perret ◽  
Jill A. Parnell ◽  
Joelle Leonie Flueck
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Nutritional Recommendations ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Physiological Adaptations ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
And Performance

The Paralympic movement is growing in popularity, resulting in increased numbers of athletes with a spinal cord injury (SCI) competing in various sport disciplines. Athletes with an SCI require specialized recommendations to promote health and to maximize performance, as evidenced by their metabolic and physiological adaptations. Nutrition is a key factor for optimal performance; however, scientifically supported nutritional recommendations are limited. This review summarizes the current knowledge regarding the importance of carbohydrates (CHO) for health and performance in athletes with an SCI. Factors possibly affecting CHO needs, such as muscle atrophy, reduced energy expenditure, and secondary complications are analyzed comprehensively. Furthermore, a model calculation for CHO requirements during an endurance event is provided. Along with assessing the effectiveness of CHO supplementation in the athletic population with SCI, the evaluation of their CHO intake from the available research supplies background to current practices. Finally, future directions are identified. In conclusion, the direct transfer of CHO guidelines from able-bodied (AB) athletes to athletes with an SCI does not seem to be reasonable. Based on the critical role of CHOs in exercise performance, establishing recommendations for athletes with an SCI should be the overall objective for prospective research.

scholarly journals Athletes’ and Coaches’ Perceptions of Nutritional Advice: Eating More Food for Health and Performance

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1925
Author(s):  
Danielle M. Logue ◽  
Laura Mahony ◽  
Clare A. Corish ◽  
David Tobin ◽  
Ronan Doherty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Meal Preparation ◽  
Nutritional Advice ◽  
Physiological Adaptations ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Low Energy Availability

Background: Low energy availability results in physiological adaptations which contribute to unfavourable health outcomes. Little information exists on perceptions of nutritional advice to eat more food to maintain health and enhance performance. The aim of this study was to explore athletes’ and coaches’ perceptions towards advice to athletes to eat larger than their current quantities of food and to explore how nutritionists could deliver this advice. Methods: Semi-structured interviews (~20 minutes in length) were conducted using online communication technology, audio-recorded, and transcribed verbatim. The interview explored perceptions of the nutritional advice provided, its role in health and performance, and the challenges to eating larger amounts of food. Data were analysed using NVIVO 1.2 using an inductive thematic approach. Results: Nine elite athletes (female = 6; males = 3) and nine high-performance coaches (female = 3; male = 6) completed the semi-structured interviews. Athletes reported improved training consistency, fewer injuries and illnesses, and improved resilience when consuming adequate energy and nutrients to meet their needs. Lack of time and meal preparation difficulties were the main challenges faced to fuelling. Conclusions: Although education about under-fuelling is important, motivating, enabling, and supporting athletes to change behaviour is pivotal to increasing athlete self-awareness and to make long-term nutritional changes.

Transmission Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy Analysis with the Siemens ELMISKOP 101

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 450-451
Author(s):  
H. M. Thieringer
Keyword(s):  
Objective Lens ◽  
Transmission Microscopy ◽  
Image Recording ◽  
Mode Of Operation ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Convergent Beam ◽  
Ray Path ◽  
Beam Diffraction

It has repeatedly been show that with conventional electron microscopes very fine electron probes can be produced, therefore allowing various micro-techniques such as micro recording, X-ray microanalysis and convergent beam diffraction. In this paper the function and performance of an SIEMENS ELMISKOP 101 used as a scanning transmission microscope (STEM) is described. This mode of operation has some advantages over the conventional transmission microscopy (CTEM) especially for the observation of thick specimen, in spite of somewhat longer image recording times.Fig.1 shows schematically the ray path and the additional electronics of an ELMISKOP 101 working as a STEM. With a point-cathode, and using condensor I and the objective lens as a demagnifying system, an electron probe with a half-width ob about 25 Å and a typical current of 5.10-11 amp at 100 kV can be obtained in the back focal plane of the objective lens.

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