Estimating Vehicle Velocity Using Image Profiles on Rectified Images

2009 ◽  
pp. 64-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Maduro ◽  
Katherine Batista ◽  
Jorge Batista
Keyword(s):  
Vehicle Velocity

A New Computational Procedure to Predict Transient Hydroplaning Performance of a Tire

2001 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Okano ◽  
M. Koishi
Keyword(s):  
Complex Geometry ◽  
Fluid Flows ◽  
Computational Procedure ◽  
Vehicle Body ◽  
Fluid Viscosity ◽  
Safe Driving ◽  
Transient Phenomena ◽  
Vehicle Velocity ◽  
Fixed Reference ◽  
Volume Method

Abstract “Hydroplaning characteristics” is one of the key functions for safe driving on wet roads. Since hydroplaning depends on vehicle velocity as well as the tire construction and tread pattern, a predictive simulation tool, which reflects all these effects, is required for effective and precise tire development. A numerical analysis procedure predicting the onset of hydroplaning of a tire, including the effect of vehicle velocity, is proposed in this paper. A commercial explicit-type FEM (finite element method)/FVM (finite volume method) package is used to solve the coupled problems of tire deformation and flow of the surrounding fluid. Tire deformations and fluid flows are solved, using FEM and FVM, respectively. To simulate transient phenomena effectively, vehicle-body-fixed reference-frame is used in the analysis. The proposed analysis can accommodate 1) complex geometry of the tread pattern and 2) rotational effect of tires, which are both important functions of hydroplaning simulation, and also 3) velocity dependency. In the present study, water is assumed to be compressible and also a laminar flow, indeed the fluid viscosity, is not included. To verify the effectiveness of the method, predicted hydroplaning velocities for four different simplified tread patterns are compared with experimental results measured at the proving ground. It is concluded that the proposed numerical method is effective for hydroplaning simulation. Numerical examples are also presented in which the present simulation methods are applied to newly developed prototype tires.

scholarly journals Adaptive Semi-Active Suspension and Cruise Control through LPV Technique

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 290
Author(s):  
Hakan Basargan ◽  
András Mihály ◽  
Péter Gáspár ◽  
Olivier Sename
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Active Suspension ◽  
Cruise Control ◽  
Linear Parameter Varying ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Look Ahead ◽  
Vehicle Velocity ◽  
Suspension Control ◽  
Road Data ◽  
Terrain Characteristics

Several studies exist on topics of semi-active suspension and vehicle cruise control systems in the literature, while many of them just consider actual road distortions and terrain characteristics, these systems are not adaptive and their subsystems designed separately. This study introduces a new method where the integration of look-ahead road data in the control of the adaptive semi-active suspension, where it is possible to the trade-off between comfort and stability orientation. This trade-off is designed by the decision layer, where the controller is modified based on prehistorical passive suspension simulations, vehicle velocity and road data, while the behavior of the controller can be modified by the use of a dedicated scheduling variable. The adaptive semi-active suspension control is designed by using Linear Parameter Varying (LPV) framework. In addition to this, it proposes designing the vehicle velocity for the cruise controller by considering energy efficiency and comfort together. TruckSim environment is used to validate the operation of the proposed integrated cruise and semi-active suspension control system.

Multi-layer controller with state-constraint: Vehicle lateral stability control based on fuzzy logic

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440702110142
Author(s):  
Neng Wan ◽  
Guangping Zeng ◽  
Chunguang Zhang ◽  
Dingqi Pan ◽  
Songtao Cai
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Integrated Control ◽  
State Constraint ◽  
Stability Control ◽  
Lateral Stability ◽  
System A ◽  
Velocity Reduction ◽  
Vehicle Velocity ◽  
Allowable Range ◽  
Simulation Results

This paper deals with a new state-constrained control (SCC) system of vehicle, which includes a multi-layer controller, in order to ensure the vehicle’s lateral stability and steering performance under complex environment. In this system, a new constraint control strategy with input and state constraints is applied to calculate the steady-state yaw moment. It ensures the vehicle lateral stability by tracking the desired yaw rate value and limiting the allowable range of the side slip. Through the linkage of the three-layer controller, the tire load is optimized and achieve minimal vehicle velocity reduction. The seven-degree-of-freedom (7-DOF) simulation model was established and simulated in MATLAB to evaluate the effect of the proposed controller. Through the analysis of the simulation results, compared with the traditional ESC and integrated control, it not only solves the problem of obvious velocity reduction, but also solves the problem of high cost and high hardware requirements in integrated control. The simulation results show that designed control system has better performance of path tracking and driving state, which is closer to the desired value. Through hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) practical experiments in two typical driving conditions, the effectiveness of the above proposed control system is further verified, which can improve the lateral stability and maneuverability of the vehicle.

Analysis of Vehicle–Pedestrian Interactive Behaviors near Unsignalized Crosswalk

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812199906
Author(s):  
Byeongjoon Noh ◽  
Dongho Ka ◽  
David Lee ◽  
Hwasoo Yeo
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
The Road ◽  
Video Footage ◽  
Premature Deaths ◽  
Vehicle Velocity ◽  
Behavioral Features ◽  
Velocity Changes ◽  
On The Road

Road traffic accidents are a leading cause of premature deaths and globally pose a severe threat to human lives. In particular, pedestrians crossing the road present a major cause of vehicle–pedestrian accidents in South Korea, but we lack dense behavioral data to understand the risk they face. This paper proposes a new analytical system for potential pedestrian risk scenes based on video footage obtained by road security cameras already deployed at unsignalized crosswalks. The system can automatically extract the behavioral features of vehicles and pedestrians, affecting the likelihood of potentially dangerous situations after detecting them in individual objects. With these features, we can analyze the movement patterns of vehicles and pedestrians at individual sites, and understand where potential traffic risk scenes occur frequently. Experiments were conducted on four selected behavioral features: vehicle velocity, pedestrian position, vehicle–pedestrian distance, and vehicle–crosswalk distance. Then, to show how they can be useful for monitoring the traffic behaviors on the road, the features are visualized and interpreted to show how they may or may not contribute to potential pedestrian risks at these crosswalks: (i) by analyzing vehicle velocity changes near the crosswalk when there are no pedestrians present; and (ii) analyzing vehicle velocities by vehicle–pedestrian distances when pedestrians are on the crosswalk. The feasibility of the proposed system is validated by applying the system to multiple unsignalized crosswalks in Osan city, South Korea.

scholarly journals Design, Analysis and Application of Single-Wheel Test Bench for All-Electric Antilock Braking System in Electric Vehicles

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1294
Author(s):  
Xiangdang XUE ◽  
Ka Wai Eric CHENG ◽  
Wing Wa CHAN ◽  
Yat Chi FONG ◽  
Kin Lung Jerry KAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Test Bench ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Vertical Force ◽  
Abs Algorithms ◽  
Braking System ◽  
Vehicle Velocity ◽  
Antilock Braking System ◽  
Antilock Braking ◽  
Electromechanical Brake

An antilock braking system (ABS) is one of the most important components in a road vehicle, which provides active protection during braking, to prevent the wheels from locking-up and achieve handling stability and steerability. The all-electric ABS without any hydraulic components is a potential candidate for electric vehicles. To demonstrate and examine the all-electric ABS algorithms, this article proposes a single-wheel all-electric ABS test bench, which mainly includes the vehicle wheel, the roller, the flywheels, and the electromechanical brake. To simulate dynamic operation of a real vehicle’s wheel, the kinetic energy of the total rotary components in the bench is designed to match the quarter of the one of a commercial car. The vertical force to the wheel is adjustable. The tire-roller contact simulates the real tire-road contact. The roller’s circumferential velocity represents the longitudinal vehicle velocity. The design and analysis of the proposed bench are described in detail. For the developed prototype, the rated clamping force of the electromechanical brake is 11 kN, the maximum vertical force to the wheel reaches 300 kg, and the maximum roller (vehicle) velocity reaches 100 km/h. The measurable bandwidth of the wheel speed is 4 Hz–2 kHz and the motor speed is 2.5 Hz–50 kHz. The measured results including the roller (vehicle) velocity, the wheel velocity, and the wheel slip are satisfactory. This article offers the effective tools to verify all-electric ABS algorithms in a laboratory, hence saving time and cost for the subsequent test on a real road.

Fuel economy, NOx emissions and lean NOx trap efficiency: Lessons from current driving cycles

2021 ◽  
pp. 146808742110050
Author(s):  
José Rodríguez-Fernández ◽  
Juan José Hernández ◽  
Ángel Ramos ◽  
Alejandro Calle-Asensio
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Lean Nox Trap ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Exhaust Temperature ◽  
Driving Cycles ◽  
Vehicle Velocity ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Lean Nox

Transport sector is within a profound changing period, but diesel engines are still called to play a significant role in future supported on their solid share in many regions and superior thermal efficiency compared to spark-ignited engines. This work identifies the parameters that most affect fuel consumption and NOx emissions on a diesel passenger car equipped with a lean NOx trap under different driving cycles and ambient temperatures. High average vehicle velocity was beneficial to reduce the fuel consumed per kilometer. The driving dynamics was of little importance, easily counteracted by a higher thermal efficiency, higher engine temperature (because of a longer trip) or/and an efficient gear shifting strategy. Moreover, at low ambient temperature the latter two factors doubled their weight on fuel economy. Regarding tailpipe NOx, keeping high aftertreatment performance was crucial. For this, low engine-out NOx emissions were four times more important than exhaust temperature or flow rate.

scholarly journals Nonlinear Observer for Vehicle Velocity with Friction and Road Bank Angle Adaptation - Validation and Comparison with an Extended Kalman Filter

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Imsland ◽  
Håvard Fjær Grip ◽  
Tor A. Johansen ◽  
Thor I. Fossen ◽  
Jens C. Kalkkuhl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kalman Filter ◽  
Extended Kalman Filter ◽  
Nonlinear Observer ◽  
Bank Angle ◽  
Vehicle Velocity
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