Material–Environment Interactions

2011 ◽  
pp. 845-886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franz-Georg Simon ◽  
Oliver Jann ◽  
Ulf Wickström ◽  
Anja Geburtig ◽  
Peter Trubiroha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Material Environment

Research on the Economic Organization Environmental Impact

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 599-601
Author(s):  
Dan Paul Stefanescu ◽  
Oana Roxana Chivu ◽  
Claudiu Babis ◽  
Augustin Semenescu ◽  
Alina Gligor
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Economic Organization ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Environmental Implications ◽  
Minimal Impact ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Material Environment ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Harmful Effects

Any economic activity carried out by an organization, can generate a wide range of environmental implications. Particularly important, must be considered the activities that have a significant negative effect on the environment, meaning those which pollute. Being known the harmful effects of pollution on the human health, the paper presents two models of utmost importance, one of the material environment-economy interactions balance and the other of the material flows between environmental factors and socio-economic activities. The study of these models enable specific conditions that must be satisfied for the economic processes friendly coexist to the environment for long term, meaning to have a minimal impact in that the residues resulting from the economic activity of the organization to be as less harmful to the environment.

scholarly journals Environmental racialisation and poetics of influence in the postgenomic era: fire, soil, spirit

2021 ◽  
pp. medhum-2020-012061
Author(s):  
Lara Choksey
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Environmental Racism ◽  
Politics Of Difference ◽  
Material Environment ◽  
Liberal Humanism ◽  
Influence At Work ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Genetic Reductionism

This article considers processes of environmental racialisation in the postgenomic era through their politics of difference and poetics of influence. Subfields like epigenetics promise to account for a plurality of possible influences on health outcomes. While this appears to present possibilities for historical reparation to communities whose epigenomes may have been chronically altered by histories of violence and trauma, the prevailing trend has been to compound processes of racialisation in the reproduction of good/bad environments. The postgenomic era has promised an epistemological transformation of ideas and values of human life, but its practices, technologies and ideology have so far prevented this. Epigenetics, rather, reproduces biomedical exclusions through imaginaries of embodied contexts, methods of occlusion and hypervisibility, and assignations of delay and deviance. This is more complex than both genetic reductionism and environmental racism: studies on epigenetics reveal a poetics of influence at work under liberal humanism complicit in the creation of death-worlds for racialised populations. Other experiments with life are possible and unfolding: Jay Bernard’s poem ‘Chemical’, set in the aftermath of London’s Grenfell Tower fire in 2017, unmoors its bodies from material environment, offering a spectral configuration of collective life. This configuration involves negotiating with the fixing of time and space on which genomic imaginaries depend.

The Inductive Coil Technique for High-Pressure Measurements: An Analysis of Nonhomogeneous Material Environment as a Source of Irreproducibility and Error

1967 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 554-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Giardini
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Elastic Constants ◽  
Graphical Form ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
Pressure Data ◽  
Nonhomogeneous Material ◽  
Resistivity Measurements ◽  
Material Environment ◽  
Critical Yield

Significant sources of error independent of the apparatus are analyzed on the basis of experimental experience and elastic theory. All are mechanical in nature and subject to corrective action. The most serious is found to be self-generating internal pressure differences which result from differential elastic and dimensional values in multicomponent assemblies. High-pressure data on elastic constants, relative critical yield stresses, radial displacements, and ratios of external to internal pressure for various compositional arrangements of pyrophyllite, MgO, NaCl, and AgCl are given in graphical form. Observance of suggested corrective measures can render the inductive coil technique capable of operational accuracies of 2 percent or better in compressibility and resistivity measurements.

Pausanias in Corinth: Burying Medea’s Children

Mnemosyne ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 569-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelle Abbenes
Keyword(s):  
Second Sophistic ◽  
Material Environment ◽  
New Tradition

The author discusses the tradition preserved in the scholia on Euripides’ Medea, namely that her children were buried in the sanctuary of Hera Akraia, comparing it with the statement of Pausanias, who claims to have seen a µνῆµα of Medea’s children in Corinth. He concludes that they are mutually exclusive. The sanctuary meant by the scholia must be that in Perachora, and by µνῆµα Pausanias definitely means ‘grave’. To solve the problem of having two graves for Medea’s children, he argues that the older, Euripidean tradition had been forgotten in Corinth in the 2nd century ad (due to the destruction of both Corinth and the sanctuary of Hera Akraia by Mummius in 146 bc) and that a new tradition with a new grave was invented. This kind of manipulation/reinterpretation of the material environment has its roots in the archaising tendency of the Second Sophistic.

Urban space and the politics of socially engaged art

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 985-1000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilie Sachs Olsen
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
The Political ◽  
Urban Theory ◽  
Socially Engaged Art ◽  
Material Environment ◽  
Ways Of Thinking ◽  
Critical Urban Theory ◽  
Definition Of

This paper interrogates the political potential of socially engaged art within an urban setting. Grounded in Lefebvrian and neo-Marxist critical urban theory, this political potential is examined according to three analytics that mark the definition of ‘politics’ in this context: the (re)configuration of urban space, the (re)framing of a particular sphere of experience and the (re)thinking of what is taken-for-granted. By bringing together literatures from a range of academic domains, these analytics are used to examine 1) how socially engaged art may expand our understanding of the link between the material environment and the production of urban imaginaries and meanings, and 2) how socially engaged art can open up productive ways of thinking about and engaging with urban space.

scholarly journals EM-Based Monitoring and Probabilistic Analysis of Prestress Loss of Bonded Tendons in PSC Beams

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheheng Chen ◽  
Shanwen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Probabilistic Analysis ◽  
Prestressed Concrete ◽  
Monitoring Methods ◽  
Prestress Loss ◽  
External Tendons ◽  
Material Environment ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
One Year

The prestress level is a key factor of prestressed concrete (PSC) beams, affecting their long-term serviceability and safety. Existing monitoring methods, however, are not effective in obtaining the force or stress of embedded tendons. This paper investigates the feasibility of elastomagnetic (EM) sensors, which have been used for external tendons, in monitoring the long-term prestress loss of bonded tendons. The influence of ambient temperature, water, eccentricity ratio, plastic duct, and cement grouts on the test results of EM sensors is experimentally examined. Based on the calibrated EM sensors, prestress loss of a group of PSC beams was monitored for one year. In order to further consider the high randomness in material, environment, and construction, probabilistic analysis of prestress loss is conducted. Finally, the variation range of prestress loss with a certain confidence level is obtained and is compared with the monitored data, which provides a basis for the determination of prestress level in the design of PSC beams.

scholarly journals Asymptotic Analysis of Nonlinear Resonance Interaction of Capillary Waves of Arbitrary Symmetry on Moving Charged Jet at Multimode Initial Deformation

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 72-82
Author(s):  
S. Shiryaeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Nonlinear Resonance ◽  
Radial Electric Field ◽  
Resonant Interaction ◽  
Capillary Waves ◽  
Initial Deformation ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Dimensionless Amplitude ◽  
Material Environment ◽  
The Waves

The problem of research of a nonlinear resonance between capillary waves on a surface of the charged jet at multimode initial deformation moving regarding the material environment is considered. It is shown in analytical asymptotic calculations of the second order on the dimensionless amplitude of oscillations that on a surface of a jet an internal nonlinear resonant interaction of capillary waves of any symmetry, both degenerate and secondary combinational, takes place. Positions of resonances depend on physical parameters of the system: the values of the coefficient of a surface tension and of the radial electric field at a surface of a jet, the velocity of its movement regarding the material environment, the values of the wave and azimuthal numbers of the interacting waves, a range of the waves defining initial deformation.

scholarly journals Strategie oswajania rzeczy na „Ziemiach Odzyskanych” ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem przestrzeni prywatnej

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 77-90
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Praczyk
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Private Space ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Polish People ◽  
Material Environment ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Second World

Strategies of the Familiarization of Things in Polish Regained Territories with the Special Attention to the Private Space This article discusses the presence of things and their modes of functioning in the private and, to some extent, also public spaces of the Recovered Territories in Poland after the Second World War. In this article, things are perceived as active agents, crucial for developing many different social relations that have to be created anew in the unknown cultural and material environment. New things that people come across are also treated here as objects that can reveal traumatic tensions caused by the necessity of the existence in the unfamiliar space that was left behind by the war enemies. This new private space that the Polish people have to live in needs to be domesticated and treated as a part of the everyday life. Strategies that are used to familiarize the former German cultural heritage are the main focus of this article.Cтратегии освaивания вещей на воссоединённых землях Польши особенно в личном пространствеВ этой ста­тье представлена проблема присудствия вещей и способа их функционирования особенно в личном пространстве на воссоединённых землях Польши после второй мировой войны. Bещи выступают здесь как активные актёры многих разнообразных общественных соотношений, которые надо создать заново в незнакомой материальной и культурнoй среде. Oдновременно новонайденные предметы могут вызывать травматические реакции у переселенцев, которые возникают как результат необходимости жизни в домах покиданных врагом. Это новое про­странство должно быть освоенное новыми жителями. Metoды ведущие к этой цели являются темой представленного здесь анализa.

Buddhism and the Environment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Edelglass
Keyword(s):  
Art History ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Environmental Ethic ◽  
Agricultural Technologies ◽  
Dependent Origination ◽  
Place Studies ◽  
Loving Kindness ◽  
Buddhist Practice ◽  
Local Environments ◽  
Material Environment

Buddhism is a vast and heterogeneous set of traditions embedded in many different environments over more than two millennia. Still, there have been some similar practices across Buddhist cultures that contributed to the construction of local Buddhist environments. These practices included innumerable stories placing prominent Buddhist figures, including the historical Buddha, in particular places. Many of these stories concerned the conversion of local serpent spirits, dragons, and other beings associated with a local place who then themselves became Buddhist and were said to protect Buddhism in their locales. Events in the stories as well as relics and landscape features were marked by pillars, reliquary shrines (stupas), caves, temples, or monasteries that often became the focus of pilgrimage or considered particularly auspicious places for Buddhist practice, where one could encounter buddhas and bodhisattvas. Through ritual practices such as pilgrimage, circumambulation, and offerings, Buddhists engaged environments and their local spirits. Landscapes were transformed into Buddhist sites that were mapped and made meaningful according to Buddhist stories and cosmology. Farmers, herders, traders, and others in Buddhist cultures whose livelihood depended on their environments engaged the spirits of the land, whose blessings they needed for their own good. Just as they transformed the meaning of local environments, Buddhists also transformed the material environment. In addition to building monasteries, stupas, and other religious structures, Buddhist monastics developed administrative and engineering expertise that enabled large-scale irrigation systems. As Buddhism spread through Asia, it brought agricultural technologies that created the watery landscapes enabling rice production and increasing the agricultural surplus that made possible large monasteries and urbanization. In the last decades of the 20th century and the first decades of the 21st, eco-Buddhist scholars and practitioners have found resources in Buddhist traditions to construct a Buddhist environmental ethic. Some have argued that concepts such as dependent origination, the ethics of loving-kindness and compassion, and other ideas from classical Buddhist traditions suggest that Buddhism has always been particularly attuned to the environment. Critics have charged that eco-Buddhists are distorting Buddhist traditions by claiming that premodern traditions were responding to contemporary environmental concerns. Moreover, they argue, Buddhist ideas such as dependent origination, or its more environmentally resonant interpretation as “interdependence,” do not in fact provide a satisfying grounding for an environmental ethic. Partly in response to such critics, much scholarly work on Buddhism and the environment became more focused on concrete phenomena, informed by a variety of disciplines, including anthropology, archaeology, place studies, art history, pilgrimage studies, and the study of activism. Instead of focusing primarily on universal concepts found in ancient texts, scholars are just as likely to look at how local communities have drawn on Buddhist ontology, ethics, cosmology, symbolism, and rituals to develop Buddhist responses to local environmental needs, developing contemporary Buddhist environmentalisms.

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