scholarly journals A Hybrid Approach for Solving Real-World Nurse Rostering Problems

2011 ◽  
pp. 85-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Stølevik ◽  
Tomas Eric Nordlander ◽  
Atle Riise ◽  
Helle Frøyseth
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Nurse Rostering

Hybrid argumentation systems for structured news reports

2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANTHONY HUNTER
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Hybrid Systems ◽  
Real World ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Graphical Notation ◽  
The Real ◽  
News Reports ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Argumentation Systems

Numerous argumentation systems have been proposed in the literature. Yet there often appears to be a shortfall between proposed systems and possible applications. In other words, there seems to be a need for further development of proposals for argumentation systems before they can be used widely in decision-support or knowledge management. I believe that this shortfall can be bridged by taking a hybrid approach. Whilst formal foundations are vital, systems that incorporate some of the practical ideas found in some of the informal approaches may make the resulting hybrid systems more useful. In informal approaches, there is often an emphasis on using graphical notation with symbols that relate more closely to the real-world concepts to be modelled. There may also be the incorporation of an argument ontology oriented to the user domain. Furthermore, in informal approaches there can be greater consideration of how users interact with the models, such as allowing users to edit arguments and to weight influences on graphs representing arguments. In this paper, I discuss some of the features of argumentation, review some key formal argumentation systems, identify some of the strengths and weaknesses of these formal proposals and finally consider some ways to develop formal proposals to give hybrid argumentation systems. To focus my discussions, I will consider some applications, in particular an application in analysing structured news reports.

A flexible mixed integer programming-based system for real-world nurse rostering

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elín Björk Böðvarsdóttir ◽  
Niels-Christian Fink Bagger ◽  
Laura Elise Høffner ◽  
Thomas J. R. Stidsen
Keyword(s):  
Integer Programming ◽  
Mixed Integer Programming ◽  
Real World ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Nurse Rostering

scholarly journals Incorporating Social-Marketing Insights Into Prejudice Research: Advancing Theory and Demonstrating Real-World Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 608-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitchell R. Campbell ◽  
Markus Brauer
Keyword(s):  
Social Marketing ◽  
Real World ◽  
Intergroup Relations ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Psychological Theory ◽  
Prejudice Reduction ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Real World Applications ◽  
Reduction Methods

Prejudice researchers have proposed a number of methods to reduce prejudice, drawing on and, in turn, contributing to our theoretical understanding of prejudice. Despite this progress, relatively few of these methods have been shown to reliably improve intergroup relations in real-world settings, resulting in a gap between our theoretical understanding of prejudice and real-world applications of prejudice-reduction methods. In this article, we suggest that incorporating principles from another field, social marketing, into prejudice research can help address this gap. Specifically, we describe three social-marketing principles and discuss how each could be used by prejudice researchers. Several areas for future research inspired by these principles are discussed. We suggest that a hybrid approach to research that uses both theory-based and problem-based principles can provide additional tools for field practitioners aiming to improve intergroup relations while leading to new advances in social-psychological theory.

scholarly journals Experiences Using Hybrid MPI/OpenMP in the Real World: Parallelization of a 3D CFD Solver for Multi-Core Node Clusters

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 127-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele Jost ◽  
Bob Robins
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Programming Model ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Underwater Vehicles ◽  
Core Node ◽  
Real World Application ◽  
Hardware Platforms ◽  
Control Surfaces ◽  
Performance Computing

Today most systems in high-performance computing (HPC) feature a hierarchical hardware design: shared-memory nodes with several multi-core CPUs are connected via a network infrastructure. When parallelizing an application for these architectures it seems natural to employ a hierarchical programming model such as combining MPI and OpenMP. Nevertheless, there is the general lore that pure MPI outperforms the hybrid MPI/OpenMP approach. In this paper, we describe the hybrid MPI/OpenMP parallelization of IR3D (Incompressible Realistic 3-D) code, a full-scale real-world application, which simulates the environmental effects on the evolution of vortices trailing behind control surfaces of underwater vehicles. We discuss performance, scalability and limitations of the pure MPI version of the code on a variety of hardware platforms and show how the hybrid approach can help to overcome certain limitations.

scholarly journals Zone-based public transport route optimisation in an urban network

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Heyken Soares
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Real World Data ◽  
Core Element ◽  
Urban Network ◽  
Route Network ◽  
Input Dataset ◽  
Planning Processes

Abstract The majority of academic studies on the optimisation of public transport routes consider passenger trips to be fixed between pairs of stop points. This can lead to barriers in the use of the developed algorithms in real-world planning processes, as these usually utilise a zone-based trip representation. This study demonstrates the adaptation of a node-based optimisation procedure to work with zone-to-zone trips. A core element of this process is a hybrid approach to calculate zone-to-zone journey times through the use of node-based concepts. The resulting algorithm is applied to an input dataset generated from real-world data, with results showing significant improvements over the existing route network. The dataset is made publicly available to serve as a potential benchmark dataset for future research.

scholarly journals Understanding Contrail Business Processes through Hierarchical Clustering: A Multi-Stage Framework

Algorithms ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 244
Author(s):  
Zeeshan Tariq ◽  
Naveed Khan ◽  
Darryl Charles ◽  
Sally McClean ◽  
Ian McChesney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hierarchical Clustering ◽  
Real World ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Process Mining ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Business Logic ◽  
Business Context ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Event Clustering ◽  
High Level

Real-world business processes are dynamic, with event logs that are generally unstructured and contain heterogeneous business classes. Process mining techniques derive useful knowledge from such logs but translating them into simplified and logical segments is crucial. Complexity is increased when dealing with business processes with a large number of events with no outcome labels. Techniques such as trace clustering and event clustering, tend to simplify the complex business logs but the resulting clusters are generally not understandable to the business users as the business aspects of the process are not considered while clustering the process log. In this paper, we provided a multi-stage hierarchical framework for business-logic driven clustering of highly variable process logs with extensively large number of events. Firstly, we introduced a term contrail processes for describing the characteristics of such complex real-world business processes and their logs presenting contrail-like models. Secondly, we proposed an algorithm Novel Hierarchical Clustering (NoHiC) to discover business-logic driven clusters from these contrail processes. For clustering, the raw event log is initially decomposed into high-level business classes, and later feature engineering is performed exclusively based on the business-context features, to support the discovery of meaningful business clusters. We used a hybrid approach which combines rule-based mining technique with a novel form of agglomerative hierarchical clustering for the experiments. A case-study of a CRM process of the UK’s renowned telecommunication firm is presented and the quality of the proposed framework is verified through several measures, such as cluster segregation, classification accuracy, and fitness of the log. We compared NoHiC technique with two trace clustering techniques using two real world process logs. The discovered clusters through NoHiC are found to have improved fitness as compared to the other techniques, and they also hold valuable information about the business context of the process log.

scholarly journals Train Scheduling with Hybrid Answer Set Programming

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
DIRK ABELS ◽  
JULIAN JORDI ◽  
MAX OSTROWSKI ◽  
TORSTEN SCHAUB ◽  
AMBRA TOLETTI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Answer Set Programming ◽  
Scheduling Problems ◽  
Planning And Scheduling ◽  
Train Scheduling ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Difference Constraints ◽  
Answer Set

Abstract We present a solution to real-world train scheduling problems, involving routing, scheduling, and optimization, based on Answer Set Programming (ASP). To this end, we pursue a hybrid approach that extends ASP with difference constraints to account for a fine-grained timing. More precisely, we exemplarily show how the hybrid ASP system clingo[DL] can be used to tackle demanding planning and scheduling problems. In particular, we investigate how to boost performance by combining distinct ASP solving techniques, such as approximations and heuristics, with preprocessing and encoding techniques for tackling large-scale, real-world train-scheduling instances.

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