What Are Zoonotic Diseases?

2012 ◽  
pp. 179-214
Author(s):  
Heinz Mehlhorn
Keyword(s):  
Zoonotic Diseases

PREVALENCE OF CERTAIN VIRAL DISEASES AND DIROFILARIA IMMITIS INFECTION IN STRAY DOGS IN BANGLADESH

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Tarafder
Keyword(s):  
Dirofilaria Immitis ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Zoonotic Diseases ◽  
Viral Diseases ◽  
Small Animals ◽  
Antigen Test ◽  
Stray Dogs ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Canine Influenza

Background: Stray and pet dogs constitute the dog population in Bangladesh without any established dog statistics. Diseases of dogs are not only associated with morbidity and mortality in dogs but also associated with human health problems as zoonotic diseases. Inland reports on the prevalence of dog diseases are limited in Bangladesh and there is need to investigate diseases in both stray and pet dog populations. Objectives: The main objective is to determine the prevalence of Canine distemper (CD), Canine adenovirus- 1 (CAV-1), CAV-2, Canine influenza (CI) and Dirofilaria immitis (Heart worm infection = HWI) infection in stray dogs in Bangladesh. Materials and Methods: Blood, ocular and nasal samples were collected from each of 30 randomly caught stray dogs (11 male and 19 female) and of different ages, including growing (n = 3) and adult (n = 27) dogs in the district of Mymensingh in Bangladesh from January to June 2010. These samples were tested by using Antigen Test Kits (RapiGEN Inc, Korea). Results: All the 30 stray dogs showed negative results to CD, CAV-1 and CAV-2, whereas an overall high prevalence of CI (4/30; 13.33%) and HWI (15/30; 50.0%) were recorded. The higher prevalence of CI was recorded in growing (n = 2/3; 66.67%) than adult (n = 2/27; 7.41%) but it did not differ significantly (p > 0.05) between male (n = 2/11; 18.18%) and female (n = 2/19; 10.53%) dogs. Significantly (p < 0.05) higher prevalence of D. immitis infection was recorded in adult (n = 15/27; 55.56%) than growing (0/3; 0.0%), male (n = 8/11; 72.73%) than female (n = 7/19; 36.84%) dogs. Conclusions: Further studies on CI and D. immitis are necessary on a large population of stray and pet small animals along with humans to ascertain their importance on health and zoonotic significance in Bangladesh. Key words: Viral diseases, Dirofilariasis, Stray dogs, Antigen test kits

Prediction of the Omp16 Epitopes for the Development of an Epitope-based Vaccine Against Brucellosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzieh Rezaei ◽  
Mohammad Rabbani-khorasgani ◽  
Sayyed Hamid Zarkesh-Esfahani ◽  
Rahman Emamzadeh ◽  
Hamid Abtahi
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Bioinformatics Analysis ◽  
Epitope Prediction ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Zoonotic Diseases ◽  
Recombinant Vaccines ◽  
Protective Capacity ◽  
Tertiary Structures

Background:Brucellosis is an infectious disease caused by Brucella bacteria that cause disease in animals and humans. Brucellosis is one of the most common zoonotic diseases transmitted from animals-to-human through direct contact with infected animals and also consumption of unpasteurized dairy products. Due to the wide incidence of brucellosis in Iran and economical costs in industrial animal husbandry, Vaccination is the best way to prevent this disease. All of the available commercial vaccines against brucellosis are derived from live attenuated strains of Brucella but because of the disadvantage of live attenuated vaccines, protective subunit vaccine against Brucella may be a good candidate for the production of new recombinant vaccines based on Brucella Outer Membrane Protein (OMP) antigens. In the present study, comprehensive bioinformatics analysis has been conducted on prediction software to predict T and B cell epitopes, the secondary and tertiary structures and antigenicity of Omp16 antigen and the validation of used software confirmed by experimental results.Conclusion:The final epitope prediction results have proposed that the three epitopes were predicted for the Omp16 protein with antigenicity ability. We hypothesized that these epitopes likely have the protective capacity to stimulate both the B-cell and T-cell mediated immune responses and so may be effective as an immunogenic candidate for the development of an epitope-based vaccine against brucellosis.

scholarly journals Prioritization of zoonotic diseases of public health significance in Nigeria using the one-health approach

One Health ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 100257
Author(s):  
Chikwe Ihekweazu ◽  
Charles Akataobi Michael ◽  
Patrick M. Nguku ◽  
Ndadilnasiya Endie Waziri ◽  
Abdulrazaq Garba Habib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
One Health ◽  
Zoonotic Diseases ◽  
Public Health Significance ◽  
Health Significance ◽  
The One

scholarly journals Molecular Phenomic Approaches to Deconvolving the Systemic Effects of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Post-acute COVID-19 Syndrome

Phenomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy K. Nicholson
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Level ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Zoonotic Diseases ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Health Consequence ◽  
Metabolic Phenotyping ◽  
Persistent Symptoms ◽  
Biological Discovery ◽  
New Biomarkers

AbstractSARS COV-2 infection causes acute and frequently severe respiratory disease with associated multi-organ damage and systemic disturbances in many biochemical pathways. Metabolic phenotyping provides deep insights into the complex immunopathological problems that drive the resulting COVID-19 disease and is also a source of novel metrics for assessing patient recovery. A multiplatform metabolic phenotyping approach to studying the pathology and systemic metabolic sequelae of COVID-19 is considered here, together with a framework for assessing post-acute COVID-19 Syndrome (PACS) that is a major long-term health consequence for many patients. The sudden emergence of the disease presents a biological discovery challenge as we try to understand the pathological mechanisms of the disease and develop effective mitigation strategies. This requires technologies to measure objectively the extent and sub-phenotypes of the disease at the molecular level. Spectroscopic methods can reveal metabolic sub-phenotypes and new biomarkers that can be monitored during the acute disease phase and beyond. This approach is scalable and translatable to other pathologies and provides as an exemplar strategy for the investigation of other emergent zoonotic diseases with complex immunological drivers, multi-system involvements and diverse persistent symptoms.

A proposal to leverage high-quality veterinary diagnostic laboratory large data streams for animal health, public health, and One Health

2021 ◽  
pp. 104063872110030
Author(s):  
Craig N. Carter ◽  
Jacqueline L. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Data Streams ◽  
One Health ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
The United States ◽  
Zoonotic Diseases ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory

Test data generated by ~60 accredited member laboratories of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians (AAVLD) is of exceptional quality. These data are captured by 1 of 13 laboratory information management systems (LIMSs) developed specifically for veterinary diagnostic laboratories (VDLs). Beginning ~2000, the National Animal Health Laboratory Network (NAHLN) developed an electronic messaging system for LIMS to automatically send standardized data streams for 14 select agents to a national repository. This messaging enables the U.S. Department of Agriculture to track and respond to high-consequence animal disease outbreaks such as highly pathogenic avian influenza. Because of the lack of standardized data collection in the LIMSs used at VDLs, there is, to date, no means of summarizing VDL large data streams for multi-state and national animal health studies or for providing near-real-time tracking for hundreds of other important animal diseases in the United States that are detected routinely by VDLs. Further, VDLs are the only state and federal resources that can provide early detection and identification of endemic and emerging zoonotic diseases. Zoonotic diseases are estimated to be responsible for 2.5 billion cases of human illness and 2.7 million deaths worldwide every year. The economic and health impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is self-evident. We review here the history and progress of data management in VDLs and discuss ways of seizing unexplored opportunities to advance data leveraging to better serve animal health, public health, and One Health.

scholarly journals Preventing the cross‐border spread of zoonotic diseases: Multisectoral community engagement to characterize animal mobility—Uganda, 2020

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Marie Medley ◽  
Jonan Gasanani ◽  
Ceaser Adibaku Nyolimati ◽  
Elvira McIntyre ◽  
Sarah Ward ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Engagement ◽  
Zoonotic Diseases ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
The Cross

Starting from the bench—Prevention and control of foodborne and zoonotic diseases

2015 ◽  
Vol 118 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 189-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kitiya Vongkamjan ◽  
Martin Wiedmann
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Zoonotic Diseases ◽  
And Control
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document