Health Risks of Children and Adolescents in Short-Term Travel or Temporary Residence in Developing Countries

1989 ◽  
pp. 484-485
Author(s):  
F. Sabate
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Short Term

Women's perceptions of the safety of the pill: a survey in eight developing countries

1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary S. Grubb
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Family Planning ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Birth Defects ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Gallup Poll ◽  
The Us ◽  
Women’S Perceptions

SummaryIn January 1985, a Gallup poll sponsored by the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecologists reported that 76% of the US women sampled thought that there were substantial risks with using the pill, 31% thought the pill caused cancer and 64% thought the risk of childbearing was equal to or less than that in taking the pill. To assess the perceptions of the pill's safety internationally, a survey of 100–150 urban, middle-class women aged 18–45 years was conducted in each of eight countries in the developing world. There were striking similarities in perceptions of the pill's health effects between countries: (1) taking the pill is considered to have substantial health risks by 50–75% and is thought to be more hazardous than childbearing by over 40% of respondents except those in the African samples; (2) women who had used the pill are as unaware as those who had not of possible serious cardiovascular adverse effects; (3) the protective effects of the pill are virtually unknown; (4) the greatest inconsistency with scientific evidence concerns the risks of sterility and birth defects attributed to pill use. With information from this survey, family planning programmes can rectify almost universal misperceptions of the pill's safety when counselling new and continuing pill users.

scholarly journals Biomonitoring and Subsequent Risk Assessment of Combined Exposure to Phthalates in Iranian Children and Adolescents

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Zare Jeddi ◽  
Mohamad Eshaghi Gorji ◽  
Ivonne Rietjens ◽  
Jochem Louisse ◽  
Yuri Bruinen de Bruin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Safety Concern ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Internal Exposure ◽  
Combined Exposure ◽  
Iranian Children

This study aimed to estimate the exposure and related health risks of phthalates, and to assess the health risks from combined exposure to three of the phthalates sharing the same mode of action (anti-androgenicity) in children. We determined the internal exposure of 56 Iranian children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 years by analyzing seven urinary metabolites of five phthalates. The estimated daily intake values derived from the biomonitoring data ranged from 0.01 µg/kg bw/day for butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP), to 17.85 µg/kg bw/day for di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP). The risk assessment revealed that not only the exposure to the individual phthalates, but also the combined exposure to the three anti-androgenic phthalates (DEHP, DBP, BBP) did not raise a safety concern (hazard index values averaged 0.2). The range of maximum cumulative ratio values varied from around 1 for most individuals to around 2 in some individuals, indicating that the combined exposures were dominated by one and in some cases by two of the three anti-androgenic phthalates, especially dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and/or DEHP. Based on biomonitoring data, the overall combined exposure of Iranian children to phthalates does not raise a concern, while reduction of exposure is best focused on DEHP and DBP that showed the highest hazard quotient.

scholarly journals Blood biomarkers to predict short-term pulmonary exacerbation risk in children and adolescents with CF: A pilot study

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amrit Singh ◽  
Mary He ◽  
Virginia Chen ◽  
Zsuzsanna Hollander ◽  
Scott J. Tebbutt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Pulmonary Exacerbation ◽  
Blood Biomarkers ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Exacerbation Risk

Frequency, clinical characteristics, biochemical findings and outcomes of DKA at the onset of type-1 DM in young children and adolescents living in a developing country – an experience from a pediatric emergency department

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amna Jawaid ◽  
Arjumand Sohaila ◽  
Nadia Mohammad ◽  
Unaib Rabbani
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

Abstract Background As per the International Society for Pediatrics and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD) census, diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is the most frequent cause of diabetes-related death. In developing countries, DKA-related mortality rate ranges from 6% to 24% (Onyiriuka AN, Ifebi E. Ketoacidosis at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents: frequency and clinical characteristics. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2013;12:47) in contrast to 0.15%–0.31% in the Western world (Poovazhagi V. Risk factors for mortality in children with diabetic ketoacidosis from developing countries. World J Diabetes 2014;5:932–93.). In developing countries like Pakistan, the situation is more perplexing owing to uncertain or under-reported statistics about the spectrum of the disease and its prevalence, coupled with limited access to medical care and experts as well as less awareness. These limitations restrict our ability to develop interventions that are patient-centered. Our main objective was to determine the severity, clinical features, bio-chemical findings and outcomes of DKA in children aged 1 month to 16 years. Subjects and methods This retrospective study included the analysis of medical and laboratory records from patients’ medical charts and the electronic database of all children aged 1 month to 16 years with newly diagnosed type-1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) complicated with ketoacidosis, who presented to the emergency department (ED) at the Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH), between January 2009 and December 2014. Results Diabetes mellitus complicated with DKA was the predominant diagnosis (n=113 [75.83%]) among endocrine diseases in children visiting the ED. Our study witnessed an increase in the incidence of DKA particularly after 5 years of age, with more severity in females. In our study, the mortality rate was 3.4%. Conclusions Considering the high incidence and mortality rate, it is emphasized that DKA should be considered in differential diagnosis. An awareness campaign for both general pediatricians and physicians as well as for the public is needed for better outcomes.

scholarly journals Brazilian external sector so far in the 21st century

2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (spe) ◽  
pp. 33-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Baumann
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Foreign Investment ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Trade Flows ◽  
Foreign Firms ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Foreign Currencies ◽  
External Sector

Although Brazil has traditionally been characterized by a culture of inward-looking policy making, the presence of foreign firms in the Brazilian productive sector has always been significant. The share of foreign-owned firms is one of the highest that can be found among developing countries. This article discusses the main features of the external sector of the Brazilian economy, regarding trade flows, foreign investment, the internationalization of Brazilian entrepreneurial groups and the short-term financial requirements in foreign currencies

scholarly journals Role of Short Term Video Encephalography with Induction by Verbal Suggestion in Diagnosis of Suspected Paroxysmal Nonepileptic Seizure-Like Symptoms

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soaham Dilip Desai ◽  
Devangi Desai ◽  
Trilok Jani
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Heart Block ◽  
Focal Epilepsy ◽  
Diagnostic Yield ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Primary Generalized Epilepsy ◽  
Generalized Epilepsy ◽  
Outpatient Settings

Purpose. To determine the diagnostic yield and utility of STVEEG with verbal suggestion in diagnosis of patients presenting with transient unresponsiveness and suspected psychogenic nonepileptiform seizures. Methods. A retrospective analysis of STVEEG records of patients with transient unresponsiveness and suspected PNES between 1 Jan 2009 and 28 Feb 2014 was done. Results. Amongst 155 patients [38 males, 117 females], with mean age 32 [8–67], PNES were identified in 109 [70.3%], focal epilepsy was identified in 24 [15.4%], and actual seizure was recorded in 7 [4.5%]. Nine [5.8%] patients were found to have both epilepsy and PNES. Primary generalized epilepsy was diagnosed in 2 [1.2%]. A diagnosis of other paroxysmal nonepileptiform events [tachyarrhythmia and heart block] was done in 3 [1.9%]. A normal EEG and no inducible episode and hence an uncertain diagnosis at the end of STVEEG were seen in only 17 [10.9%] patients. A STVEEG of approximately one hour duration was able to establish the diagnosis in 138 [89.1%] patients with transient unresponsiveness. Conclusion. STVEEG with verbal suggestion is a useful and cost effective diagnostic test for diagnosis of PNES. It can be a good modality for diagnosis in patients with transient abnormalities in sensorium in the outpatient settings in developing countries.

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