Consumer Trust in Food Under Varying Social and Institutional Conditions

2010 ◽  
pp. 75-86
Author(s):  
Unni Kjærnes
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Trust ◽  
Institutional Conditions

scholarly journals Luottamusta ja harkintaa. Kuluttajien näkökulmia ruoan turvallisuuteen ja elintarvikeketjuun

2006 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Sanna Piiroinen ◽  
Mari Niva ◽  
Johanna Mäkelä
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Trust ◽  
European Study ◽  
Institutional Conditions ◽  
The Social

Luottamuksesta ruokaan ja etenkin sen puutteesta on keskusteltu vilkkaasti viime vuosina, kun erilaiset ruokakriisit ovat ravistelleet Eurooppaa. Myös funktionaaliset elintarvikkeet, geenimuunneltu ruoka ja ruoan terveellisyys sekä niihin liittyvä moninainen informaatio kiinnostavat ja toisaalta huolestuttavat kuluttajia. Kuluttajien luottamus ruokaan ja koko elintarvikeketjun toimintaan on ajankohtainen teema niin meillä kuin muualla Euroopassakin. Tämä esitys perustuu tutkimukseen, jossa tarkasteltiin kuluttajien luottamusta eri elintarvikkeiden turvallisuuteen sekä elintarvikeketjun toimijoihin. Tutkimuksen taustalla on vuosina 2002–2004 toteutettu EU:n rahoittama hanke ’Consumer trust in food. A European study of the social and institutional conditions for the production of trust’. Eurooppalainen tutkimus tarkasteli ruokaan liittyvää luottamusta kuudessa maassa; Isossa-Britanniassa, Italiassa, Norjassa, Portugalissa, Saksassa ja Tanskassa. Suomessa kerättiin vastaava kvantitatiivinen aineisto kuin tutkimukseen osallistuneissa maissa. Suomea vertailtiin soveltuvin osin EU-tutkimuksessa mukana olleisiin maihin. Tutkimukseen osallistui 1 207 iältään 18–79-vuotiasta kuluttajaa eri puolilta Suomea. Aineisto kerättiin kesällä 2003 puhelinhaastatteluilla. Tutkimuksessa tarkasteltiin luottamuksen erilaisia osatekijöitä. Kohteina olivat luottamus ruokaan yleensä, luottamus eri tavoin tuotettuja, käsiteltyjä ja erilaisista raaka-aineista peräisin olevia ruokia ja elintarvikkeita kohtaan sekä luottamus institutionaalisiin toimijoihin. Lisäksi analysoitiin vastaajien näkemyksiä elintarvikeketjun eri osapuolten vastuusta ja vastuullisuudesta ruokaan liittyvissä kysymyksissä. Tulosten perusteella suomalaiset kuluttajat luottavat suhteellisen voimakkaasti ruoan turvallisuuteen ja elintarvikeketjun toimintaan verrattuna muihin eurooppalaisiin. Eri elintarvikkeisiin ja toimijoihin kuitenkin luotetaan eri tavoin ja niiden luotettavuus punnitaan jatkuvasti arkipäivän tilanteissa. Miehet luottavat ruoan turvallisuuteen naisia enemmän, mutta muutoin sosiodemografiset taustamuuttujat erottelevat kuluttajia heikosti. Luottamuksen eri osatekijät ovat yhteydessä toisiinsa. Ne, jotka luottavat vahvasti ruokaan yleensä, luottavat muita enemmän myös erilaisten yksittäisten elintarvikkeiden turvallisuuteen, elintarvikeketjuun ja muihin ihmisiin.

Social development of modern Russia: trends, risks, prospects

2018 ◽  
pp. 76-89
Author(s):  
E. M. Avraamova ◽  
V. N. Titov
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Social Development ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Structure Formation ◽  
Resource Availability ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Quantitative Estimation ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
Institutional Conditions ◽  
Resource Characteristics

The analysis of present-time directions in the study of social development has allowed to identify the resource approach as the most productive one which enables to assess social dynamics through the range of resource characteristics of different population groups and abilities of the relevant groups to apply development resources in the current economic and institutional conditions. Basing on the sociological survey conducted by ISAP RANEPA, the quantitative estimation of material and social recourses of the population has been made; integral values of the resource potential have been calculated as well. The issues of social structure formation are analyzed through the aspect of resource availability; the barriers of Russian middle-class enlargement are defined.

On the diversity of the effects of the state support for agriculture

2019 ◽  
pp. 59-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolai M. Svetlov ◽  
Renata G. Yanbykh ◽  
Dariya A. Loginova
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
The State ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
State Support ◽  
Soft Budget Constraints ◽  
Institutional Conditions ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Corporate Farms

In this paper, we assess the effects of agricultural state support of corporate farms on their revenues from agricultural production sales in 14 Russian regions that differ in technology, environment and institutional conditions. In addition to the direct effect of the state support, the indirect effects via labor and capital are revealed. For this purpose, we identify production functions and statistical models of production factors for each of these regions separately. We find out diverse effects of the state support on revenues among the regions. Positive effects prevail. Negative effects are mainly caused by labor reductions that follow subsidy inflows. Another cause of negative effects is the soft budget constraints phenomenon.

Recognition of a Person’s Rights and Ethical Fulfilment

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Vereno Brugiatelli
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Private Life ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Ethical Life ◽  
Institutional Conditions ◽  
Level I ◽  
The Right ◽  
Forms Of Violence ◽  
Desperate Attempt

Man's ethical fulfilment often faces objective obstacles in the deprivation of rights. The negation of the recognition of certain fundamental rights, or worse, the radical misrecognition of man, which translates into different forms of violence, often artfully disguised both on an individual and collective level, produces devastating consequences in the private life of a person upsetting all forms of positive self-esteem. The recognition of human qualities, accompanied by the right to express and extend them, is an integral part of the ethical life of each individual and, at the same time, constitutes a fundamental moment in the construction of a responsible civilized community. In this dissertation, I aim to analyse the connection between ethical life and human rights in order to draw attention to the repercussions that the recognition and misrecognition of liberty produce with regard to man's ethical fulfilment. From this perspective, I intend to highlight the importance of the existence of favourable juridical and institutional conditions to ensure ethical fulfilment. At this level, I will underline that the deprivation of capabilities is often the main cause of the profound sense of discontent affecting individuals in their desperate attempt to realise a type of existence which corresponds to their ambitions.

Membangun Fondasi Keilmuan Ekonomi Islam: Telaah Metodologi Muhammad Akram Khan

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-170
Author(s):  
Ahmad Ubaidillah
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Inductive Method ◽  
Ethical Values ◽  
Institutional Conditions ◽  
Faith Based ◽  
Behavioral Parameters ◽  
Science Methodology ◽  
Islamic Society

Throughout my experience in tracking down and reading books on faith-based economics, in this case Islam, there are no books that specifically list the title of "Islamic economics". If there is, it is only initiated or introduced. Most books coming down to us still use the titles starting with the word, for example, system, concept, principle, or the doctrine of Islamic economics. Why do the authors of the book Islamic economics seem not dared to give his book title with label "science"? I presume that Islamic economics has not been considered as a science. In building a science, methodology is required. Islamic Economics also requires a well-established methodology to build the foundation of science. The study answers questions; how is methodology which is offered by Muhammad Akram Khan to build Islamic economics. The method used in this research is the study of literature with qualitative approach.The result of study concludes that Khan offers methodology of Islamic economics, if summarized, written as follows: First, Islamic economics uses a framework derived from the texts of divinity (revelation). Second, Islamic economics uses the inductive method, which gives witness to the truth or falsity assumptions and predictions about the two criteria of rationality and empirical evidence. Third, Islamic economy is built on ethical values ​​such as justice, virtue, moderation, sacrifice, caring for others, in the analysis, as behavioral parameters. Fourth, Islamic economics is a normative discipline. Islamic Economics investigates ways and means to change the existing economy with Islamic economy. Fifth, Islamic economics ask different questions with conventional economics. Its attention is on welfare (falah) human and creating social and institutional conditions that maximize falah in society. Clearly, Islamic economics strongly supports research programs that help maximize falah. Furthermore, Khan elaborates several issues related to the methodology that often appears in the forum of Islamic economists. There are some problems that Khan proposes, they are the interaction with modern economics, the role of revelation, assuming ideal Islamic society, and the general theory of Islamic economics.

Methodical approach to the assessment of the educational migration environment of the population of the Carpathian region

2019 ◽  
pp. 37-48
Author(s):  
Lyubov Semiv
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Conditions ◽  
Carpathian Region ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Methodical Approach ◽  
Synthetic Indicator ◽  
Industry Collaboration ◽  
Migration Potential ◽  
Educational Migration ◽  
Main Components

The role and importance of the educational migration environment in activating migration movements of the population is described. The main components of the educational migration environment of the population are identified, and their features are outlined. Indicators have been proposed and the conditions for the formation of the educational migration environment of the population have been determined. It is proved that «freedom of knowledge movement» motivates students, teachers and researchers to combine educational and research activities with future employment abroad. The processes of educational migration in the form of cross-border education and academic mobility are presented. The concept of educational migration environment is defined and five main components of its formation are described: quantitative measurement of educational migration potential; quality of the academic environment; motivational conditions; opportunities for universities and industry collaboration in research; institutional conditions in the educational sphere. The list of indicators offered by the Ukrainian statistics is provided for quantitative representation of each component of the educational migration. Based on the method of multidimensional (cluster) analysis, the regional index of formation of educational migration environment is calculated. Using this method allows to move from the assessment of educational migration environment on 28 indicators to the construction of one synthetic indicator. Application of methodical approach allows to see the place of the region by the important parameters of development of the environment of educational migration of the population, to evaluate the attractiveness, opportunities and threats of formation of this environment in the regional dimension. It is proved that the «most favorable» environment in the Carpathian region has the Lviv region (4th place in Ukraine). Other regions of the Ukrainian Carpathians occupy in the ranking the lower places: respectively Ivano-Frankivsk (15th place), Chernivtsi (21st place), Transcarpathian region (24th place).

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