Communicating Scientific Research Through the Web and Social Media: Experience of the United Nations University with the Our World 2.0 Web Magazine

With a new Secretary-General, António Guterres, installed in 2017, the United Nations is in a position to hasten changes to its public information system and functions, which were slow to catch up with a fast-moving social media age. As the former head of UNHCR, he understands the importance of good relations with the media, which often have felt shut out by UN officials and member nations reluctant to expand the organization’s information outreach. Media attention had atrophied, at a time when the UN was coming under greater pressure and criticism for its handling of peacekeeping scandals and slow responses to crises, even when these were not the fault of the Secretariat.

Marine Genetic Resources in Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction: Promoting Marine Scientific Research and Enabling Equitable Benefit Sharing

Frontiers in Marine Science ◽

10.3389/fmars.2021.667274 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Alex D. Rogers ◽

Amy Baco ◽

Elva Escobar-Briones ◽

Kristina Gjerde ◽

Judith Gobin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Technology Transfer ◽

United Nations ◽

Genetic Resources ◽

Biological Diversity ◽

Science And Technology ◽

Sustainable Use ◽

Scientific Research ◽

Benefit Sharing ◽

National Jurisdiction ◽

Growing human activity in areas beyond national jurisdiction (ABNJ) is driving increasing impacts on the biodiversity of this vast area of the ocean. As a result, the United Nations General Assembly committed to convening a series of intergovernmental conferences (IGCs) to develop an international legally-binding instrument (ILBI) for the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity of ABNJ [the biodiversity beyond national jurisdiction (BBNJ) agreement] under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. The BBNJ agreement includes consideration of marine genetic resources (MGR) in ABNJ, including how to share benefits and promote marine scientific research whilst building capacity of developing states in science and technology. Three IGCs have been completed to date with the fourth delayed by the Covid pandemic. This delay has allowed a series of informal dialogues to take place between state parties, which have highlighted a number of areas related to MGR and benefit sharing that require technical guidance from ocean experts. These include: guiding principles on the access and use of MGR from ABNJ; the sharing of knowledge arising from research on MGR in ABNJ; and capacity building and technology transfer for developing states. In this paper, we explain what MGR are, the methods required to collect, study and archive them, including data arising from scientific investigation. We also explore the practical requirements of access by developing countries to scientific cruises, including the sharing of data, as well as participation in research and development on shore whilst promoting rather than hindering marine scientific research. We outline existing infrastructure and shared resources that facilitate access, research, development, and benefit sharing of MGR from ABNJ; and discuss existing gaps. We examine international capacity development and technology transfer schemes that might facilitate or complement non-monetary benefit sharing activities. We end the paper by highlighting what the ILBI can achieve in terms of access, utilization, and benefit sharing of MGR and how we might future-proof the BBNJ Agreement with respect to developments in science and technology.

La zone économique exclusive dans la pratique des États

Canadian Yearbook of international Law/Annuaire canadien de droit international ◽

10.1017/s0069005800006585 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 35 ◽

pp. 3-55 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Francis Rigaldies

Keyword(s):

United Nations ◽

Scientific Research ◽

Law Of The Sea ◽

Basic Principles ◽

Judicial Decisions ◽

State Practice ◽

The United Nations ◽

The Law

SummaryThe use of the concept of an exclusive Economie zone has increased since the adoption of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. However, the characterization of this zone varies greatly between States. This article presents an exhaustive survey of the concept of an exclusive Economie zone. The author discusses the types of jurisdiction exercised by States in their uses of an exclusive Economie zone. Disparity exists between the provisions of the Convention and State practice in some specific areas: for example, the provisions on the environment and on scientific research. Despite these exceptions, the author maintains that the basic tenets of the Convention are respected in State practice. State declarations as well as arbitral and judicial decisions show that the Convention and State practice are together evolving to reinforce the basic principles of the concept of an exclusive Economie zone.

Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies - Building Sustainability Through Environmental Education ◽

Active Learning and Disaster Risk Reduction

10.4018/978-1-5225-7727-0.ch008 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 166-189

Author(s):

LaMesha Lashal Craft

Keyword(s):

Social Media ◽

United Nations ◽

Risk Reduction ◽

Disaster Preparedness ◽

Disaster Risk Reduction ◽

Disaster Risk ◽

Media Technology ◽

Resilient Communities ◽

The United Nations ◽

Social Media Technology

The author provides a robust discussion of an ethnographic case study to facilitate creative thinking about how to use communications and social media technology to build resilience and improve citizen disaster preparedness through a “Be Ready” trivia campaign. This research can inform strategies to achieve several of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as well as the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction's Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (SFDRR). Future research directions include a new community resilience index that measures citizens' use of communications and social media technology. Implications for social change include raising the level of public awareness and facilitating a means to improve personal responsibility for disaster preparedness through low cost education programs. This could improve efforts by government and non-government organizations to improve disaster risk reduction; increase access to information and communication technology; increase disaster emergency planning and response; and build resilient communities.

IEEE Oceanic Engineering Society. OCEANS'98. Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.98CH36259) ◽

The impact of the United Nations Convention on Law of the Sea on marine scientific research

10.1109/oceans.1998.725753 ◽

2002 ◽

Author(s):

E. Dangler

Keyword(s):

United Nations ◽

Scientific Research ◽

Law Of The Sea ◽

The United Nations ◽

The Impact

Cutting the Gordian Knot: Is an Effective Cooperation Regime for Marine Scientific Research in Northeast Asia Feasible?

The Korean Journal of International and Comparative Law ◽

10.1163/22134484-12340157 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 243-280

Author(s):

Minchul Kim

Keyword(s):

United Nations ◽

Case Studies ◽

International Institutions ◽

Northeast Asia ◽

Scientific Research ◽

Law Of The Sea ◽

Joint Research ◽

Modus Vivendi ◽

Abstract This article considers an approach for achieving an effective cooperation regime for marine scientific research (MSR) in Northeast Asia. Specifically, it addresses the causes of MSR-related disputes in undelimited maritime areas and explores its reality in Northeast Asia through case studies. It further examines the legality of unilateral research or survey activities in undelimited maritime areas, considering Articles 74(3) and 83(3) of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. Based on such discussions, it offers suggestions for realizing a cooperative regime for MSR. This article’s primary argument is that it is worth considering a regime-building suggestion in alignment with the original spirit of MSR, despite the challenges it may entail. To that end, it emphasizes that efforts should be made to remove the causes of disputes and recommends a cooperative regime led by international institutions and a joint research regime as a modus vivendi.

Social Media

Plugged In ◽

10.12987/yale/9780300218879.003.0013 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Patti M. Valkenburg ◽

Jessica Taylor Piotrowski

Keyword(s):

Social Media ◽

Social Skills ◽

Scientific Research ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Media Multitasking ◽

Self Presentation ◽

Use Of Social Media ◽

The Web

This chapter presents the latest scientific research on the role of social media in teens' lives. Never before have the youth had so many opportunities to bring their self-presentation to perfection. They can, for example, endlessly edit their digital profiles and selfies before they post them on the Web or send them to friends. Does this ability make them more self-aware? Or does it turn them into narcissists? Does the use of social media lead to superficial relationships and loneliness—or does it boost self-esteem and social skills? What effects does extensive media multitasking have on youth? Does it make them lose their ability to concentrate and contemplate?

Marine Scientific Research in Japan’s Practice

The Korean Journal of International and Comparative Law ◽

10.1163/22134484-12340158 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 281-293

Author(s):

Sookyeon Huh

Keyword(s):

United Nations ◽

Scientific Research ◽

Exclusive Economic Zone ◽

Law Of The Sea ◽

Legal Instrument ◽

Domestic Legislation ◽

State Practice ◽

Economic Zone ◽

Abstract This article examines Japan’s state practices on marine scientific research (MSR). The survey of state practices requires the discernment of generalisability and particularity in each state practice. There are two points to note while considering the generalisabilities and particularities in Japan’s practices: first, Japan oversees MSR activities in its waters according to a non-legal instrument or a guideline, unlike neighbouring countries that use domestic legislation in MSR upon ratifying the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea; second, Japan faces quite a few MSR incidents in its undelimited exclusive economic zone. Thus, this article covers an outline of Japan’s guideline, its response to illegal or unregulated MSR activities in its waters, its relationships with neighbouring countries, and the failure of its attempt to legislate the MSR Law in 2007.