Early Stimulation of Leaf Acid Invertase Precedes Reduction of Growth and Photosynthesis in Maize Plants Submited to Mild Water Stress. Genotype Variability and QTL Analysis

1995 ◽  
pp. 3665-3668
Author(s):  
S. Pelleschi ◽  
D. Ruelle ◽  
J-P. Rocher ◽  
J-L. Institut de Prioul
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Qtl Analysis ◽  
Acid Invertase ◽  
Early Stimulation ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
Mild Water Stress ◽  
Stimulation Of

scholarly journals Photosynthetic parameters and growth in seedlings of Bertholletia excelsa and Carapa guianensis in response to pre-acclimation to full sunlight and mild water stress

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gracilene Fernandes da Costa Azevedo
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Outdoor Exposure ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
Bertholletia Excelsa ◽  
Full Sunlight ◽  
Carapa Guianensis ◽  
Light Levels ◽  
Mild Water Stress

Light and water are important factors that may limit the growth and development of higher plants. The aim of this study was to evaluate photosynthetic parameters and growth in seedlings of Bertholletia excelsa and Carapa guianensis in response to pre-acclimation to full sunlight and mild water stress. I used six independent pre-acclimation treatments (0, 90 (11h15-12h45), 180 (10h30-13h30), 360 (09h00-15h00), 540 (07h30-16h30) and 720 min (06h00-18h00)) varying the time of exposure to full sunlight (PFS) during 30 days, followed by whole-day outdoor exposure for 120 days. Before PFS, the plants were kept in a greenhouse at low light levels (0.8 mol m-2 day-1). The PFS of 0 min corresponded to plants constantly kept under greenhouse conditions. From the beginning to the end of the experiment, each PFS treatment was submitted to two water regimes: moderate water stress (MWS, pre-dawn leaf water potential (ΨL) of -500 to -700 kPa) and without water stress (WWS, ΨL of -300 kPa, soil kept at field capacity). Plants under MWS received only a fraction of the amount of water applied to the well-watered ones. At the end of the 120-day-period under outdoor conditions, I evaluated light saturated photosynthesis (Amax), stomatal conductance (g s), transpiration (E) and plant growth. Both Amax and g s were higher for all plants under the PFS treatment. Stem diameter growth rate and Amax were higher for C. guianensis subjected to MWS than in well-watered plants. The contrary was true for B. excelsa. The growth of seedlings was enhanced by exposure to full sunlight for 180 minutes in both species. However, plants of B. excelsa were sensitive to moderate water stress. The higher photosynthetic rates and faster growth of C. guianensis under full sun and moderate water stress make this species a promissory candidate to be tested in reforestation programs.

Photosynthetic stimulation of saplings by the interaction of CO2 and water stress

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 1233-1243
Author(s):  
Na Zhao ◽  
Ping Meng ◽  
Xinxiao Yu
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Stimulation Of

Increasing leaf export and grain import capacities in maize plants under water stress

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacques Trouverie ◽  
Jean-Louis Prioul
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Deprivation ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Short Pulse ◽  
Invertase Activity ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Export Rate ◽  
Carbohydrate Concentration ◽  
Maize Plants

The export rate and the carbohydrate concentration were measured in maize plants submitted to water deprivation either at the fourth leaf stage or at pollination. Export rate was evaluated by a short pulse of labelling with 14CO2 followed by a 10-h chase. In stressed plants, 14C fixation was strongly reduced. When radioactivity was expressed relative to the initial value, the time course of label export from the labelled zone showed a faster decline in stressed plants than in well-watered plants. This was observed both under mild stress (fourth leaf stage) and severe stress (pollination stage). Another consequence of drought stress was an increase in fourth leaf vacuolar invertase activity and an increase in hexoses, which accumulated to the same content as sucrose. This occurred without a significant decrease in starch. At pollination stage, despite a large decrease in absolute quantity of 14C entering kernels, the proportion of leaf 14C export recovered in the kernel was not modified after a 4-d water deprivation, i.e. at day 0 after pollination (0 DAP), and was multiplied by a factor of 2–3 at 12 DAP. The major conclusion arising from these data appears to be an improvement of both leaf export and kernel import efficiency under water stress.

Early stimulation of phospholipid methylation in Xenopus oocytes by progesterone

1985 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francois Godeau ◽  
Teruko Ishizaka ◽  
S.S. Koide
Keyword(s):  
Xenopus Oocytes ◽  
Early Stimulation ◽  
Stimulation Of

The flush development of evergreen recurrent flushing perennials: an experimental overview with insights into the flowering of olive

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 345
Author(s):  
Trevor Olesen ◽  
Michelle Wirthensohn
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Shoot Development ◽  
New Work ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Final Size ◽  
Stimulation Of

Recurrent flushing perennials are those that grow by episodic waves of shoot extension under conditions continuously favourable for growth. Here we review the habit for evergreen perennials. The commencement of a new flush appears to depend on the stimulation of buds by plant growth regulators. The determination of a new flush as vegetative or floral most likely occurs during early shoot development. Cool temperatures are usually florally inductive, but other factors such as periods of water stress before flush commencement, and low crop loads may also enhance induction. There is little evidence for the control of the final size of vegetative shoots, and even less for the size of floral shoots. The time between successive flushes is cyclic and temperature dependent. New work with olive is presented and shows that pruning increases the proportions of vegetative shoots to develop from comparable nodes of pruned and non-pruned branches. It also shows that immature vegetative flushes on olive branches in winter inhibit flowering to some extent, a result previously shown for other evergreen recurrent flushing trees.

Visual assessment of total plant relative water content, with the aid of photographic standards, as a guide to scheduling irrigation

1974 ◽  
Vol 14 (66) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
GJ Luke
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Visual Assessment ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Accurate Indication ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Total Plant ◽  
Scheduling Irrigation ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
Water Contents

The relative water contents (RWC) of the top and bottom leaves of maize plants were measured. The RWC of the top leaf was higher than that of the bottom leaf when the plant was under water stress. Photographic standards based on the RWC of the whole plant were developed and tested against plants in the field. The results showed that the standards give an accurate indication of the plant's water status. Standards based on the upper leaf only would result in irrigations too infrequent to prevent severe restrictions to photosynthesis.

scholarly journals Effects of Severe Water Stress on Maize Growth Processes in the Field

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 5086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Libing Song ◽  
Jiming Jin ◽  
Jianqiang He
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Summer Maize ◽  
Photosynthetic Membrane ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Severe Water Stress ◽  
Maize Plants

In this study, we investigated the effects of water stress on the growth and yield of summer maize (Zea mays L.) over four phenological stages: Seedling, jointing, heading, and grain-filling. Water stress treatments were applied during each of these four stages in a water-controlled field in the Guanzhong Plain, China between 2013 and 2016. We found that severe water stress during the seedling stage had a greater effect on the growth and development of maize than stress applied during the other three stages. Water stress led to lower leaf area index (LAI) and biomass owing to reduced intercepted photosynthetically active radiation (IPAR) and radiation-use efficiency (RUE). These effects extended to the reproductive stage and eventually reduced the unit kernel weight and yield. In addition, the chlorophyll content in the leaf remained lower, even though irrigation was applied partially or fully after the seedling stage. Severe and prolonged water stress in maize plants during the seedling stage may damage the structure of the photosynthetic membrane, resulting in lower chlorophyll content, and therefore RUE, than those in the plants that did not experience water stress at the seedling stage. Maize plants with such damage did not show a meaningful recovery even when irrigation levels during the rest of the growth period were the same as those applied to the plants not subjected to water stress. The results of our field experiments suggest that an unrecoverable yield loss could occur if summer maize were exposed to severe and extended water stress events during the seedling stage.

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