Reinforcing Elements in Steep Slopes and Vertical-Faced Earth Structures — German State of the Art

Author(s):  
R. Floss
Author(s):  
Volker Stein

The German discourse on Human Capital Management (HCM) has a long history which resulted in the manifoldness of notions connected with HCM. The exact specification of the meaning of HCM basically depends on the frame of reference used: the frame of the past, of the present or of the future. The present article which concentrates on the German aspects of the HCM debate is aimed at systematizing this discourse by outlining the past and present HCM development in Germany as well as its future perspectives. It will result in a synoptic view, summing up the German state-of-the-art HCM.


2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoo-Jae Kim ◽  
Ashley Russell Kotwal ◽  
Bum-Yean Cho ◽  
James Wilde ◽  
Byung Hee You

Geosynthetics is a crucial mechanism in which the earth structures can be mechanically stabilized through strength enforcing tensile reinforcement. Moreover, geosynthetic reinforcement stabilizes steep slopes through incorporating the polymeric materials, becoming one of the most cost-effective methods in not only accommodating budgetary restrictions but also alleviating space constraints. In order to explicate on the applicability and widen the understanding of geosynthetic reinforcement technology, a synthesis study was conducted on geosynthetic reinforced steep slope. This study is very important because in not only highlighting the advantages and limitations of using geosynthetic reinforcement but also in investigating the current construction and design methods with a view to determining which best practices can be employed. Furthermore, this study also identified and assessed the optimal condition of the soil, performance measures, construction specifications, design criteria, and geometry of the slope. To further concretize the understanding of these parameters or factors, two case studies were reviewed and a summary of the best practices, existing methods, and recommendations were drawn in order to inform the employment of geosynthetics in reinforcing steep slopes.


2018 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 00041
Author(s):  
Joanna Grzybowska-Pietras ◽  
Giang Nguyen ◽  
Stanisława Przybyło ◽  
Monika Rom ◽  
Jan Broda

For many years, techniques improving weak soils by means of additional elements incorporated into their structures have been applying in geotechnical structures (earth structures). An example of such a procedure is the use of geosynthetics enabling to solve geotechnical problems related to anti-erosion protection, as well as filtration and draining. In addition to geosynthetics, randomly distributed fibers are used. Fibers mixed with soil perform a function similar to the function of the root system of protective vegetation and enable the creation of flexible and easy to green construction. During the research, the influence of the type of fibers and their amount on erosion of slope located in the suburbs of Bielsko-Biala (Poland) was determined. Soil parameters and fiber properties were determined before their placement. Research on the physical properties of the soils and fibers morphological structure and strength was carried out in accordance with applicable standards. Subsequently, the slope stability was assessed during many months of exploitation. During the research, 2 m wide plots were created on the slope, covered with soil mixed with various amount of fibers. Fibers mixed with soil form a spatial grid retaining soil particles washed out by streams of surface water flowing down, limit the negative impact of erosion and increase slope stability. Natural fibers store excess water in soil, which promotes the development of protective vegetation.


Author(s):  
T. A. Welton

Various authors have emphasized the spatial information resident in an electron micrograph taken with adequately coherent radiation. In view of the completion of at least one such instrument, this opportunity is taken to summarize the state of the art of processing such micrographs. We use the usual symbols for the aberration coefficients, and supplement these with £ and 6 for the transverse coherence length and the fractional energy spread respectively. He also assume a weak, biologically interesting sample, with principal interest lying in the molecular skeleton remaining after obvious hydrogen loss and other radiation damage has occurred.


Author(s):  
Carl E. Henderson

Over the past few years it has become apparent in our multi-user facility that the computer system and software supplied in 1985 with our CAMECA CAMEBAX-MICRO electron microprobe analyzer has the greatest potential for improvement and updating of any component of the instrument. While the standard CAMECA software running on a DEC PDP-11/23+ computer under the RSX-11M operating system can perform almost any task required of the instrument, the commands are not always intuitive and can be difficult to remember for the casual user (of which our laboratory has many). Given the widespread and growing use of other microcomputers (such as PC’s and Macintoshes) by users of the microprobe, the PDP has become the “oddball” and has also fallen behind the state-of-the-art in terms of processing speed and disk storage capabilities. Upgrade paths within products available from DEC are considered to be too expensive for the benefits received. After using a Macintosh for other tasks in the laboratory, such as instrument use and billing records, word processing, and graphics display, its unique and “friendly” user interface suggested an easier-to-use system for computer control of the electron microprobe automation. Specifically a Macintosh IIx was chosen for its capacity for third-party add-on cards used in instrument control.


2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn Tellis ◽  
Lori Cimino ◽  
Jennifer Alberti

Abstract The purpose of this article is to provide clinical supervisors with information pertaining to state-of-the-art clinic observation technology. We use a novel video-capture technology, the Landro Play Analyzer, to supervise clinical sessions as well as to train students to improve their clinical skills. We can observe four clinical sessions simultaneously from a central observation center. In addition, speech samples can be analyzed in real-time; saved on a CD, DVD, or flash/jump drive; viewed in slow motion; paused; and analyzed with Microsoft Excel. Procedures for applying the technology for clinical training and supervision will be discussed.


1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 1126-1142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey W. Gilger

This paper is an introduction to behavioral genetics for researchers and practioners in language development and disorders. The specific aims are to illustrate some essential concepts and to show how behavioral genetic research can be applied to the language sciences. Past genetic research on language-related traits has tended to focus on simple etiology (i.e., the heritability or familiality of language skills). The current state of the art, however, suggests that great promise lies in addressing more complex questions through behavioral genetic paradigms. In terms of future goals it is suggested that: (a) more behavioral genetic work of all types should be done—including replications and expansions of preliminary studies already in print; (b) work should focus on fine-grained, theory-based phenotypes with research designs that can address complex questions in language development; and (c) work in this area should utilize a variety of samples and methods (e.g., twin and family samples, heritability and segregation analyses, linkage and association tests, etc.).


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