EXPRESSION OF SYMBIOTIC SPECIFIC SEQUENCES IN THE Rhizobium phaseoli-Phaseolus vulgaris ASSOCIATION

Application of the seed-applied fungicides captan, DL-Plus, Evershield, thiram and Metalaxyl reduced nodulation in the field bean cultivar Lancer (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in the field. Captan, Evershield, B3 and Thiram also lowered the acetylene reducing activity under the same conditions. Captan, DL-Plus, and B3 resulted in significant yield reductions of field bean inoculated with commercial multi-strain rhizobial inoculant. Since captan or captan-containing fungicides were the most potent inhibitors of symbiotic N2 fixation in field bean, spontaneous mutants of Rhizobium phaseoli strains 3644 and 8215 were selected on the basis of ability to grow in microbial medium containing 100 ppm of Captan 50 W. Controlled environment chamber and field evaluations indicated that all mutants were less sensitive to commercial rates of Captan 50 W (2.0 g per kilogram seed) than either parent strain or commercial multi-strain inoculant. Inoculation of captan-treated seed with these mutants 24 h prior to seeding did not affect nitrogenase activity or yield. Assessment of the effect of captan on the N2-fixing symbiosis and the captan tolerance of R. phaseoli strains by the acetylene reduction assay or 15N isotope dilution at levels of 15N natural abundance gave similar results. The existence of mutants of R. phaseoli tolerant to seed-applied captan but unaltered in symbiotic properties makes the combined use of captan as a seed protectant and seed-applied rhizobial inoculation fully compatible. Key words: Phaseolus vulgaris L., Rhizobium phaseoli, captan, N2 fixation, 15N isotope dilution, acetylene reduction

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N2 FIXATION AND COMPETITIVENESS OF Rhizobium phaseoli STRAINS ISOLATED FROM ONTARIO SOILS

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps86-104 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 66 (4) ◽

pp. 825-836 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

JACQUELINE C. MOXLEY ◽

D. J. HUME ◽

D. L. SMITH

Keyword(s):

Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽

Effective Strain ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Field Trials ◽

Rhizobium Phaseoli ◽

Culture Collections ◽

N Accumulation ◽

Legume Crop ◽

Wide Range ◽

White Bean

Dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a legume crop generally considered to be a poor N2 fixer. This experiment was conducted to determine the effectiveness of Rhizobium phaseoli strains in Ontario soils, to determine if inoculation with an indigenous, effective strain could improve N2 fixation or yield, and to determine the competitiveness of inoculant strains by measuring the recovery of applied strains in nodules using serology. One-gram composite soil samples from 36 of 37 farm sites across Ontario caused nodulation on either white bean cultivars Ex Rico 23 or Seafarer, indicating that R. phaseoli was widely distributed. However, ratings of nodulation indicated a wide range of effectiveness. Five selected strains isolated from these soils were compared with five strains from culture collections for effectiveness by using the strains to inoculate Ex Rico 23 or Seafarer grown in sterile, N-free culture in Leonard jars. The best field-isolated strains caused just as much N accumulation as the best strains from culture collections. Strain S1, selected as a consistently good N2 fixer, failed to cause increases in yield when used as an inoculant in field trials at Elora and Mitchell in 1980 and 1981. Inoculation with strain S1 did cause some increases in percent seed protein and nodule dry weight with Ex Rico 23 at Elora in 1980. Three other strains tested in each year failed to show any improvements in yield, seed N, or nodulation in either year. Recovery of inoculant strains ranged from 0 to 31%. At Mitchell in 1981, 100 kg ha−1 of fertilizer N increased yields over all inoculation treatments. Indigenous strains appeared to be only partially effective N2 fixers and inoculant strains generally were poor competitors against strains already present in the soils.Key words: White bean, Phaseolus vulgaris, Rhizobium phaseoli, N2 fixation, strain competition

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Rhizobium phaseoli tolerant to insecticide on the growth of Phaseolus vulgaris

Journal of the Selva Andina Research Society ◽

10.36610/j.jsars.2021.120100030x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 30-37

Author(s):

Gustavo Santoyo-Pizano ◽

José Luis Hernández-Mendoza ◽

Liliana Márquez-Benavides ◽

Gustavo De Luna-Esquivel ◽

Juan Manuel Sánchez-Yáñez

Keyword(s):

Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽

Beneficial Effect ◽

Root Nodules ◽

Molecular Nitrogen ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Rhizobium Phaseoli ◽

Control Root ◽

Healthy Growth

The genus and species of Rhizobium phaseoli are useful as an inoculant for the production of Phaseolus vulgaris (beans) in the root nodules symbiotic stage fixes molecular nitrogen (FN) for supplying nitrogen (N) for healthy growth. In P. vulgaris cropping, pesticides are used to control root insects, which could reduce the beneficial effect of R. phaseoli. The purpose of this work was to isolate and select R. phaseoli diazinon´s tolerance. In that sense, R. phaseoli were cultivated in a medium mixed with diazinon in order to select R. phaseoli tolerant to the pesticide. This mutant of R. phaseoli tolerant to diazinon was inoculated in P. vulgaris the effect was evaluated 45 days later. The response of P. vulgaris was measured by the number of effective nodules at the roots, fresh and dry weight, and the height of the plant. Results showed that R. phaseoli tolerant to diazinon kept its beneficial activity for the healthy growth of P. vulgaris. It was concluded that R. phaseoli tolerant to diazinon were infec-tive and effective for the health growth of P. vulgaris.

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The Effects of Different Nitrogen and Phosphorus Doses and Bacteria Inoculation (Rhizobium phaseoli) on the Yield and Yield Components of Field Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Journal of Agronomy ◽

10.3923/ja.2005.207.215 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 207-215 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Numan Bildirici ◽

Nuri Yilmaz .

Keyword(s):

Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽

Yield Components ◽

Field Bean ◽

Rhizobium Phaseoli ◽

Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Yield And Yield Components

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Nodulation of Phaseolus vulgaris L. as affected by Rhizobium phaseoli growth phase

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/m88-011 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 34 (1) ◽

pp. 63-67 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

J. L. Boiardi ◽

M. L. Galar

Keyword(s):

Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽

Stationary Phases ◽

Lectin Binding ◽

Infection Process ◽

Exponential Phase ◽

Bacterial Attachment ◽

Growth Phases ◽

Rhizobium Phaseoli ◽

Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽

The Difference

The influence of culture age and of growth rate on the nodulation ability of strain F 45 str. Rhizobium phaseoli was studied. Roots of Phaseolus vulgaris L., grown in pouches, were infected with rhizobial suspensions (about 1 × 105 cells/root) taken from different batch cultures at different growth phases. After 24 h the free bacterial population was inhibited by adding tetracycline to the rooting medium. Nodules were counted 15–20 days after inoculation. More nodulation was obtained with rhizobia from early, mid, or late exponential phase than from lag or stationary phases. Differences in nodulation obtained had no correlation to the root attachment capacity of the cells nor to the rhizobial binding to Phaseolus vulgaris L. seed lectin. Bacterial attachment to bean roots was maximal with stationary phase bacteria, while lectin binding reached its maximal value with early exponential phase rhizobia, being very low with mid exponential phase cells. These results suggested that the difference in nodulation achieved with Rhizobium phaseoli at different growth phases could be caused by a step of the infection process not related to early (1 h) microbial attachment to roots nor to bacterial binding to Phaseolus vulgaris L. lectin.

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Exo-Metabolites of Phaseolus vulgaris-Nodulating Rhizobial Strains

Metabolites ◽

10.3390/metabo9060105 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 105 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Diana Montes-Grajales ◽

Nuria Esturau-Escofet ◽

Baldomero Esquivel ◽

Esperanza Martinez-Romero

Keyword(s):

Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽

Growth Promotion ◽

Chemical Species ◽

Symbiotic Association ◽

Rhizobium Phaseoli ◽

Rhizobium Tropici ◽

Free Living ◽

Wide Range ◽

Different Types ◽

Soil Rhizosphere

Rhizobia are able to convert dinitrogen into biologically available forms of nitrogen through their symbiotic association with leguminous plants. This results in plant growth promotion, and also in conferring host resistance to different types of stress. These bacteria can interact with other organisms and survive in a wide range of environments, such as soil, rhizosphere, and inside roots. As most of these processes are molecularly mediated, the aim of this research was to identify and quantify the exo-metabolites produced by Rhizobium etli CFN42, Rhizobium leucaenae CFN299, Rhizobium tropici CIAT899, Rhizobium phaseoli Ch24-10, and Sinorhizobium americanum CFNEI156, by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Bacteria were grown in free-living cultures using minimal medium containing sucrose and glutamate. Interestingly, we found that even when these bacteria belong to the same family (Rhizobiaceae) and all form nitrogen-fixing nodules on Phaseolus vulgaris roots, they exhibited different patterns and concentrations of chemical species produced by them.

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Rhizobium phaseoli tolerante a un insecticida en el crecimiento de Phaseolus vulgaris

Journal of the Selva Andina Research Society ◽

10.36610/j.jsars.2021.120100030 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 30-37

Author(s):

Gustavo Santoyo-Pizano ◽

José Luis Hernández-Mendoza ◽

Liliana Márquez-Benavides ◽

Gustavo De Luna-Esquivel ◽

Juan Manuel Sánchez-Yáñez

Keyword(s):

Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽

Rhizobium Phaseoli ◽

Para Determinar

El género y especie Rhizobium phaseoli es usado como inoculante en la producción de Phaseolus vulgaris (fríjol), porque en los nódulos de sus raíces, establece una simbiosis para fijar el nitrógeno molecular (FBN) y suplir la demanda de nitrógeno (N) para un crecimiento sano. En el cultivo de P. vulgaris se aplican plaguicidas en el control de insectos plaga de raíz, que evitan el efecto benéfico de R. phaseoli., por lo que los objetivos de este trabajo fueron aislar y seleccionar R. phaseoli tolerante a diazinón. Para ello, R. phaseoli se creció en caldo extracto levadura manitol con diazinón y selecciono R. phaseoli tolerante al insecticida e inoculó en P. vulgaris para determinar la infectividad con base en el número de nódulos, mientras que la efectividad para la FBN en la raíz, de acuerdo al incremento en el peso fresco y seco, en la altura de la planta, y en la capacidad para degradar el diazinón. Se concluye que el R. phaseoli tolerante a diazinón fue infectivo y efectivo para el sano crecimiento de P. vulgaris.

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