Sustainable Development in the Non-Energy Extractive Industry

Author(s):  
G. Morizot
2017 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
L.A. Johnston ◽  
J. Jones ◽  
C. Davison ◽  
O. Lkhagvasuren ◽  
C. Janes

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 833-846
Author(s):  
Meiliza Fitri ◽  
Wahyudi Zahar

ABSTRAKPemerintah RI dalam upaya pengimplementasian Revolusi Industri 4.0 di bidang industri telah menetapkan 10 langkah prioritas nasional, yaitu roadmap yang dikenal dengan Making Indonesia 4.0, yang mencakup perbaikan alur aliran barang dan material, desain ulang zona industri, akomodasi standar-standar keberlanjutan, pemberdayaaan UMKM, pembangunan infrastruktur digital nasional, peningkatan minat investasi asing, peningkatan kualitas SDM, pembangunan ekosistem inovasi, pemberian insentif untuk investasi teknologi, dan harmonisasi aturan dan kebijakan. Melalui pemetaan ini, industri tambang menjadi salah satu unit industri yang penting untuk mewujudkan revolusi industri 4.0. Meskipun pada tahun 2018 trend insdutri global mengalami pergeseran dari industri ekstraktif (extractive industry) menjadi industri disruptif (disruptive industry), seperti perusahaan-perusahaan teknologi maupun perusahaan berbasis R&D (research and development), revolusi industri tidak serta merta dapat tercapai tanpa adanya peran dari sektor industri ekstraktif, misalnya sektor industri pertambangan, seperti pengadaan bahan baku industri, penggiatan energi terbarukan, hingga penyediaan segala fasilitas dan infrastruktur pendukung bergeraknya revolusi industri 4.0 di Indonesia, contohnya pemenuhan kebutuhan listrik. Untuk itu dilakukan penelitian dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif untuk mengkaji arah kebijakan sektor industri pertambangan sebagai sektor utama dalam mendukung perkembangan revolusi industri di Indonesia. Berdasarkan peraturan pemerintah yang dikeluarkan dalam KEN dan RUEN, serta UU Minerba Nomor 4/2009, terdapat hal mendasar yang perlu diperhatikan pemerintah, yakni kebijakan mengenai ketahanan energi nasional. Pemerintah harus mulai memperhitungkan keterdiaan energi dalam kebijakan yang juga menyangkut pembangunan berkelanjutan (sustainable development) sebagai upaya untuk mengendalikan sumber daya maupun cadangan batubara di dalam negeri untuk sumber energi nasional melalui kebijakan pembentukan Wilayah Cadangan Negara (WPN) khususnya batubara. Pembuatan neraca sumber daya alam sebagai langkah awal pembentukan kebijakan berbasis riset diharapkan dapat ditindaklanjuti dengan perhitungan yang matang mengenai ketahanan energi hingga perhitungan ekonomis terkait kerusakan lingkungan, karena meskip hingga pertengahan tahun 2019 PNBP di sektor mineral dan batubara telah mencapai Rp19,16 triliun atau 44,28% dari target tahun 2019, terdapat kemungkinan bahwa angka penerimaan ini tidak sebanding dengan besaran nilai yang dibutuhkan untuk kompensasi kerusakan lingkungan yang diakibatkan oleh adanya aktifitas pertambangan. Kebijakan pemerintah kedepannya diharapkan tidak hanya berfokus pada kebijakan DMO, besaran royalti, ekspor impor, hilirisasi, konversi maupun konservasi energi, namun perhitungan matang terhadap ketahanan dan ketersediaan energi nasional melalui pembentukan WCN batubara, karena batubara sebagai target bauran energi utama Indonesia merupakan energi fosil tidak dapat diperbaharui yang diperkirakan habis dalam 71 tahun, dan dapat lebih cepat apabila bauran batubara Indonesia sesuai proyeksi mencapai 38% di tahun 2025 (asumsi business as usual). Kata Kunci: kebijakan, cadangan energi, batubara ABSTRACTThe Government of Indonesia in the attempt to implement the Industrial Revolution 4.0 through its Ministry of Industry has set 10 national priorities, known as Making Indonesia 4.0, which includes improving the flow of goods and materials, redesigning industrial zones, accommodating the sustainability standards, empowering MSMEs, developing the national digital infrastructure, increasing foreign investment interest, improving the quality of human resources, building an innovative ecosystem, providing incentives for technological investment, and harmonizing rules and policies. Through this roadmap, the mining industry became one of the important industrial units to support the realization of industrial revolution 4.0 in Indonesia. Although in 2018 the global industry trend has shifted from an extractive industry to a disruptive industry, such as technology companies and R&D (research and development) based companies, the industrial revolution cannot necessarily be achieved without the role of extractive industry sectors, for example the mining industry, in supporting the raw materials, facilities and infrastructure, and electricity. For this reason, a qualitative descriptive study was conducted to examine the policy in terms of mining industry. Based on government regulations issued in KEN and RUEN, and Mining and Minerals Law, there are basic things that need to be considered by the government, namely policies on national energy security. The government must begin to take into account the availability of energy in its policies that also in line with the sustainable development as an effort to control domestic coal resources and reserves for national energy sources by establishing a State Reserve Area (WPN) policy especially for coal. Creating a natural resource balance as a first step in setting up a research-based policy is expected to be followed up by a careful calculation of energy security to economic calculations related to environmental damage, because even with the high amount of PNBP in the mineral and coal sectorthere is a possibility that this is not proportional to the amount of value needed to compensate for the environmental damage. Future government policies are expected to focus not only on DMO policies, royalties, export-imports, downstream, conversion and energy conservation, but also careful calculation of national energy security and availability through the formation of coal WCN, because as Indonesia's main energy mix, coal is fossil energy which estimated to be used up in the next 71 years, and can be faster if the percentage of coal in Indonesian energy mix reaches 38% in 2025 as projected (business as usual).Keywords: policy, energy reserve, coal


2020 ◽  
Vol 174 ◽  
pp. 04028
Author(s):  
Monika Jaworska ◽  
Milena Tepavicharova ◽  
Maral Yelubayeva

Lately, considerable foreign and Bulgarian investments have been attracted to the country’s quarrying industry. A number of companies are already applying the world’s best practices for exploration, extraction and processing of underground resources. There are also good practices which could and should be implemented and refined to achieve the sustainable development of the extractive industry. Currently, the Bulgarian mining enterprises are operating successfully and profitably. More than 300 companies and organizations in the field of exploration, extraction and processing of underground resources and related activities and services are operating in the industry. The development of the business organizations is largely determined by the available production resources, their quality and the efficiency of their usage. One of the main resources which differs significantly from the rest is the human resource. It possesses a certain level of qualification and professional development, crucial for the productivity and prosperity. The purpose of this article is to study and analyze the educational and vocational qualification profile of the human resources employed in the quarrying industry of Bulgaria, revealing the actual possibilities for their optimal use and development for achieving higher productivity and competitiveness.


2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
Aurela SHTIZA

The shortage of raw materials in global markets and the sky rocketing of commodityprices, have induced European authorities to take initiatives to improve innovation inEurope by creating the European Innovation Partnership on Raw Materials (2012) and make inventory of the existing European raw materials. Albania is a rich country in natural raw materials, such as chromium, copper, ferronickel, coal, bitumen as well ascrude oil which might supply primary and secondary raw materials for some of the European needs. This literature review discusses the role of the Albanian institutions, the natural resources industry, potential investors and stakeholders in order to provide a setof indicators and platforms that can help to develop the extractive industry in Albania and monitor amelioration within sustainable development principles. A map with the potential prospects of the natural resources will be a first step in identifying the further potential for exploitation. Mineral resource policies and governance, sustainable processing and supply chain as well as environmental management information system (EMIS) are some of the crucial tools identified, which will help to set up the indicators and quantify the achievements in environmental management in Albania. Moreover, the integration of practices that will support institutional capacity building; follow-up practices; the mainstreaming of global environment into planning; and the compliance monitoring process will additionally improve the environmental situation in Albania. Aligning business strategy with environmental policy, socio-economic analysis, environmental auditing are decisive tools in order to provide the Albanian authorities with a clear overview of the economic costs and the social benefits for sustainable development of the extractive sector in Albania.


Resources ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Petrov ◽  
Maria Tysiachniouk

Benefit sharing is a key concept for sustainable development in communities affected by the extractive industry. In the Arctic, where extractive activities have been growing, a comprehensive and systematic understanding of benefit sharing frameworks is especially critical. The goal of this paper is to develop a synthesis and advance the theory of benefit sharing frameworks in the Arctic. Based on previously published research, a review of literature, a desktop analysis of national legislation, as well as by capitalizing on the original case studies, this paper analyzes benefit sharing arrangements and develops the typology of benefit sharing regimes in the Arctic. It also discusses the examples of various regimes in Russia, Alaska, and Canada. Each regime is described by a combination of principles, modes, mechanisms, and scales of benefit sharing. Although not exhaustive or entirely comprehensive, this systematization and proposed typologies appear to be useful for streamlining the analysis and improving understanding of benefit sharing in the extractive sector. The paper has not identified an ideal benefit sharing regime in the Arctic, but revealed the advantages and pitfalls of different existing arrangements. In the future, the best regimes –in respect to sustainable development would support the transition from benefit sharing to benefit co-management.


2021 ◽  
Vol 295 ◽  
pp. 01053
Author(s):  
Bato Tagarov

Modern economic growth is viewed through the prism of the paradigm of sustainable development. This work presents the reasons for the difficulties of transition to the sustainable development of an economy with a high share of extractive industry and shows that for the effective implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals it is necessary to change the economic model for reducing the role of this industry. The analysis of the extractive industry contribution to the gross regional product of Russia’s regions is carried out. The work considers changes in the extractive industry share, both in the country’s economy as a whole and in some of its regions. It is shown that, despite the decrease in this indicator value in most of Russia’s large regions, in general, the extractive industry share in GRP has increased. The dynamics in the level of the extractive industry concentration in regions is analyzed using the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index and the Krugman Index.


2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bethel Uzoma Ihugba

AbstractTransparency and accountability are key concepts of good governance that are repeatedly demonstrated to have the capacity to translate natural resources wealth to sustainable development of economies. These concepts are particularly important to countries rich in natural resources and Nigeria is one of such countries. Evidence however suggests that Nigeria is not benefiting from the gains expected from its natural resources despite policies and legislations like the NEITI Act 2007 which are aimed at promoting sustainable development through transparency and accountability. Various attempts at theorizing the reasons behind these apparent failures have tended to blame external factors. These external factors are sometimes disguised under the omnibus descriptions of resource curse phenomenon and corruption. This paper argues that although these factors may be contributing to the continued failures of several development initiatives, there may be need to ensure that the legal frameworks and instruments developed to achieve these objectives are not in themselves faulty. The article posits that the internal normative incoherence in some of these laws creates the room for continued failures despite the best of intentions and interests. To demonstrate this argument, the paper through normative analysis, examines the NEITI Act 2007 in relation to its key transparency and accountability provisions.


2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 210-238
Author(s):  
Adenike A. Akinsemolu

The extractive industry has great potential for mobilizing financial support as well as physical, technological, and human resources to advance the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This article traces developments in the industry with a view to identifying existing gaps in knowledge and the proactive measures needed to ensure that the extractive industry makes a crucial contribution to the society. More specifically, this article explores the historical and current contributions that extractive industries have on social development, political stability, and economic prosperityin the Middle East and North African (MENA) region. Practical and specific examples are used to show the progress made in the attainment or support of the SDGs. The first finding is that the extractive industry in the region has the potential and opportunity to contribute to the attainment of all the 17 SDGs. The second finding is that despite the extractive industry being diverse, the nature and scope of typical activities highlight that various common opportunities can be leveraged on to achieve progress on the SDGs. Thirdly, an unprecedented level of stakeholder cooperation is needed to attain the SDGs. Finally, extractive industries in the MENA region are lagging in furthering SDGs because their activities contribute to  environmental degradation. Keywords: Sustainable Development Goals; Mining; Middle East; NorthAfrica; Environmental Sustainability.


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