Quantitative aspects of cellular turnover

1992 ◽  
pp. 175-191
Author(s):  
Arthur L. Koch
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Turnover

scholarly journals Tuning flavin environment to detect and control light-induced conformational switching in Drosophila cryptochrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siddarth Chandrasekaran ◽  
Connor M. Schneps ◽  
Robert Dunleavy ◽  
Changfan Lin ◽  
Cristina C. DeOliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Reactions ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Conformational Switching ◽  
Spin Resonance ◽  
Degradation Activity ◽  
Recognition Motifs ◽  
Cellular Turnover ◽  
Control Light ◽  
Dynamics Simulations ◽  
And Control

AbstractLight-induction of an anionic semiquinone (SQ) flavin radical in Drosophila cryptochrome (dCRY) alters the dCRY conformation to promote binding and degradation of the circadian clock protein Timeless (TIM). Specific peptide ligation with sortase A attaches a nitroxide spin-probe to the dCRY C-terminal tail (CTT) while avoiding deleterious side reactions. Pulse dipolar electron-spin resonance spectroscopy from the CTT nitroxide to the SQ shows that flavin photoreduction shifts the CTT ~1 nm and increases its motion, without causing full displacement from the protein. dCRY engineered to form the neutral SQ serves as a dark-state proxy to reveal that the CTT remains docked when the flavin ring is reduced but uncharged. Substitutions of flavin-proximal His378 promote CTT undocking in the dark or diminish undocking in the light, consistent with molecular dynamics simulations and TIM degradation activity. The His378 variants inform on recognition motifs for dCRY cellular turnover and strategies for developing optogenetic tools.

Gastric cellular turnover and the development of atrophy after 31 years of follow-up: a case-control study

1999 ◽  
Vol 94 (8) ◽  
pp. 2109-2114 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. F. Moss ◽  
J. Valle ◽  
A. M. Abdalla ◽  
S. Wang ◽  
M. Siurala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Cellular Turnover ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Alteration in cellular turnover and progenitor cell population in lacrimal glands from thrombospondin 1 −/− mice, a model of dry eye

2016 ◽  
Vol 153 ◽  
pp. 27-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie A. Shatos ◽  
Robin R. Hodges ◽  
Masahiro Morinaga ◽  
David E. McNay ◽  
Rakibul Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Population ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Progenitor Cell ◽  
Lacrimal Glands ◽  
Progenitor Cell Population ◽  
Thrombospondin 1 ◽  
Cellular Turnover

Assessing risk of prosthetic joint infection

2018 ◽  
pp. 9-12
Author(s):  
Umraz Khan ◽  
Graeme Perks ◽  
Rhidian Morgan-Jones ◽  
Peter James ◽  
Colin Esler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Prosthetic Joint Infection ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Joint Infection ◽  
High Risk Patient ◽  
Prosthetic Joint ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Marginal Gain ◽  
Cellular Turnover

This chapter discusses assessing the risk of prosthetic joint infection (PJI) and includes discussion on high-risk patients (classified by age, skin colour, extracellular matrix, cellular turnover, diabetes, obesity, rheumatoid arthritis, previous periarticular fractures and skin disorders). The aim is to allow the practitioner to identify high-risk patient attributes that can be positively influenced such that the risk of PJI is reduced. There are some patients with more than one risk factor and, as such, every effort must be made to reduce each even if there is a marginal gain in each. Delaying elective surgery until the risks of PJI are reduced must be encouraged but must be balanced with alleviating patient symptoms.

scholarly journals Redox metabolism correlates with cellular turnover and clinical phenotype of papillary thyroid carcinoma and colloid goiter

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Branislav Rovcanin ◽  
Kristina Gopcevic ◽  
Dusan Kekic ◽  
Vladan Zivaljevic ◽  
Aleksandar Diklic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Clinical Phenotype ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Redox Metabolism ◽  
Cellular Turnover

scholarly journals Cellular turnover and expression of hypoxic-inducible factor in acute acalculous and calculous cholecystitis

Critical Care ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. R116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merja Vakkala ◽  
Jouko J Laurila ◽  
Juha Saarnio ◽  
Vesa Koivukangas ◽  
Hannu Syrjälä ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Turnover ◽  
Calculous Cholecystitis

The Heritability of Telomere Length Among the Elderly and Oldest-Old

2005 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 433-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claus Bischoff ◽  
Jesper Graakjaer ◽  
Hans Christian Petersen ◽  
Jacob v. B. Hjelmborg ◽  
James W. Vaupel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Oldest Old ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Shared Environment ◽  
Associated Proteins ◽  
Cellular Turnover ◽  
Population Doublings

AbstractA tight link exists between telomere length and both population doublings of a cell culture and age of a given organism. The more population doublings of the cell culture or the higher the age of the organism, the shorter the telomeres. The proposed model for telomere shortening, called the end replication problem, explains why the telomere erodes at each cellular turnover. Telomere length is regulated by a number of associated proteins through a number of different signaling pathways. The determinants of telomere length were studied using whole blood samples from 287 twin pairs aged 73 to 95 years. Structural equation models revealed that a model including additive genetic effects and non- shared environment was the best fitting model and that telomere length was moderately heritable, with an estimate that was sensitive to the telomere length standardization procedure. Sex-specific analyses showed lower heritability in males, although not statistically significant, which is in line with our earlier finding of a sex difference in telomere dynamics among the elderly and oldest-old.

scholarly journals Galectin-1 Induces Reversible Phosphatidylserine Exposure at the Plasma Membrane

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1408-1418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean R. Stowell ◽  
Sougata Karmakar ◽  
Connie M. Arthur ◽  
Tongzhong Ju ◽  
Lilian C. Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
Caspase Activation ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Mitochondrial Potential ◽  
Cycle Progression ◽  
Membrane Morphology ◽  
Bleb Formation ◽  
Induction Of Apoptosis ◽  
Cellular Turnover

Cells normally undergo physiological turnover through the induction of apoptosis and phagocytic removal, partly through exposure of cell surface phosphatidylserine (PS). In contrast, neutrophils appear to possess apoptosis-independent mechanisms of removal. Here we show that Galectin-1 (Gal-1) induces PS exposure independent of alterations in mitochondrial potential, caspase activation, or cell death. Furthermore, Gal-1–induced PS exposure reverts after Gal-1 removal without altering cell viability. Gal-1–induced PS exposure is uniquely microdomain restricted, yet cells exposing PS do not display evident alterations in membrane morphology nor do they exhibit bleb formation, typically seen in apoptotic cells. Long-term exposure to Gal-1 prolongs PS exposure with no alteration in cell cycle progression or cell growth. These results demonstrate that Gal-1–induced PS exposure and subsequent phagocytic removal of living cells represents a new paradigm in cellular turnover.

Cellular turnover in epithelial rests of Malassez in the periodontal ligament of the mouse molar

2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (6) ◽  
pp. 484-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyoko Oka ◽  
Masakazu Morokuma ◽  
Kyoko Imanaka-Yoshida ◽  
Yoshihiko Sawa ◽  
Keitaro Isokawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Epithelial Rests Of Malassez ◽  
Cellular Turnover
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