Contact Mechanics: Friction and Wear

In the interest of understanding contact mechanics, friction and wear processes where plastic deformation occurs between rough surfaces, significant effort has and continues to be applied to understand single asperity elastic-plastic contacts. The main tools used in obtaining experimental data with which to inform and validate simulation methods in this area of study are nano and micro indenters. This article presents some of the less commonly considered phenomena which may affect the interpretation of experimental data from such apparatus. The interpretation of AFM pull off data is briefly discussed and invasive effects of electron imaging are highlighted.

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Two-Process Random Textures: Measurement, Characterization, Modeling and Tribological Impact: A Review

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma15010268 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 268

Author(s):

Pawel Pawlus ◽

Rafal Reizer ◽

Wieslaw Żelasko

Keyword(s):

Contact Mechanics ◽

Functional Properties ◽

Functional Significance ◽

Measurement Errors ◽

Friction And Wear ◽

Hydrodynamic Lubrication ◽

Asperity Contact ◽

Future Challenges ◽

Number Of Publications ◽

And Behavior

Two-process random textures seem to present better functional properties than one-process surfaces. There are many random two-process textures. Plateau-honed cylinder surfaces are the most popular example. Two-process surfaces are also created during the initial periods of life of machined elements. However, knowledge about two-process textures measurement, modeling, and behavior is low. Two-process surfaces are very sensitive to measurement errors. It is very difficult to model them. Special methods of their characterization were created. Their functional significance was studied in a small number of publications. In this paper, measurement, characterization, and modeling of two-process textures were presented. The functional impact of them was analyzed, the effects on contact mechanics and friction and wear were mainly studied. Finally, considerations of future challenges were addressed. The nature of two-process random textures should be taken into account during analyses of properties of machined elements. The plateau part decides about the asperity contact, and the valley portion governs the hydrodynamic lubrication.

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Analytical Electron Microscopy of Ion-Implanted Metals

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010011831x ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

pp. 282-285

Author(s):

D.I. Potter ◽

M. Ahmed ◽

K. Ruffing

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Ion Implantation ◽

Friction And Wear ◽

Analytical Electron Microscopy ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

Surface Chemical ◽

Near Surface ◽

The Past ◽

Analytical Electron ◽

Property Changes

Ion implantation, used extensively for the past decade in fabricating semiconductor devices, now provides a unique means for altering the near-surface chemical compositions and microstructures of metals. These alterations often significantly improve physical properties that depend on the surface of the material; for example, catalysis, corrosion, oxidation, hardness, friction and wear. Frequently the mechanisms causing these beneficial alterations and property changes remain obscure and much of the current research in the area of ion implantation metallurgy is aimed at identifying such mechanisms. Investigators thus confront two immediate questions: To what extent is the chemical composition changed by implantation? What is the resulting microstructure? These two questions can be investigated very fruitfully with analytical electron microscopy (AEM), as described below.

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