Performance-Based Earthquake Engineering in the U.S.: A Case Study for Tall Buildings Tall buildings Tall buildings Tall buildings Tall buildings

2014 ◽  
pp. 385-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack Moehle
Keyword(s):  
Earthquake Engineering ◽  
Tall Buildings ◽  
Performance Based Earthquake Engineering ◽  
The U.S

Story loss functions for seismic design and assessment: Development of tools and application

2021 ◽  
pp. 875529302110235
Author(s):  
Davit Shahnazaryan ◽  
Gerard J O’Reilly ◽  
Ricardo Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Design ◽  
Earthquake Engineering ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Loss Functions ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Building Performance ◽  
Assessment Development ◽  
Damage States ◽  
Performance Based Earthquake Engineering

Performance-based earthquake engineering (PBEE) has become an important framework for quantifying seismic losses. However, due to its computationally expensive implementation through a typically detailed component-based approach (i.e. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) P-58), it has primarily been used within academic research and specific studies. A simplified alternative more desirable for practitioners is based on story loss functions (SLFs), which estimate a building’s expected monetary loss per story due to seismic demand. These simplified SLFs reduce the data required compared to a detailed study, which is especially true at a design stage, where detailed component information is likely yet to be defined. This article proposes a Python-based toolbox for the development of user-specific and customizable SLFs for use within seismic design and assessment of buildings. It outlines the implementation procedure alongside a comparative demonstration of its application where dependency and correlation of damage states between different components are considered. Finally, a comparison of SLF-based and component-based loss estimation approaches is carried out through the application to a real case study school building. The agreement and consistency of the attained loss metrics demonstrate the quality and ease of the SLF-based approach in achieving accurate results for a more expedite assessment of building performance.

scholarly journals A New Methodology to Assess Indirect Losses in Bridges Subjected to Multiple Hazards

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Forcellini
Keyword(s):  
Earthquake Engineering ◽  
Direct Costs ◽  
Engineering Research ◽  
Multiple Hazards ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Indirect Losses ◽  
Performance Based Earthquake Engineering ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Original Configuration

Decision making approaches to manage bridge recovering after the impact of multiple hazards are increasing all over the world. In particular, bridges can be considered critical links in highway networks because of their vulnerability and their resilience can be assessed on the basis of evaluation of direct and indirect losses. This paper aims at proposing a new methodology to assess indirect losses for bridges subjected to multiple hazards. The method applied to calculate direct costs is the credited Performance Based Earthquake Engineering (PBEE) methodology by the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research (PEER) center. Therefore, the main objective of the study consists in the assessment of indirect losses that are generally neglected elsewhere. In particular, the paper proposes to calculate indirect losses from direct costs and to divide them into connectivity losses and prolongation of time. The presented formulation has been applied to a real case study aimed at strengthening a benchmark bridge with several isolated configurations. The results show that the application of the proposed methodology allows to evaluate possible solutions to strengthen the original configuration.

scholarly journals Connecting Risk and Resilience for a Power System Using the Portland Hills Fault Case Study

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishvas H. Chalishazar ◽  
Ted K. A. Brekken ◽  
Darin Johnson ◽  
Kent Yu ◽  
James Newell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Earthquake Engineering ◽  
System Modeling ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
Seismic Load ◽  
Risk And Resilience ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Performance Based Earthquake Engineering

Active seismic faults in the Pacific Northwest area have encouraged electric utilities in the region to deeply contemplate and proactively intervene to support grid resilience. To further this effort this research introduces Monte Carlo (MC)-based power system modeling as a means to inform the Performance Based Earthquake Engineering method and simulates 100,000 sample earthquakes of a 6.8 magnitude (M6.8) Portland Hills Fault (PHF) scenario in the Portland General Electric (PGE) service territory as a proof of concept. This paper also proposes the resilience metric Seismic Load Recovery Factor (SLRF) to quantify the recovery of a downed power system and thus can be used to quantify earthquake economic risk. Using MC results, the SLRF was evaluated to be 19.7 h and the expected economic consequence cost of a M6.8 PHF event was found to be $180 million with an annualized risk of $90,000 given the event’s 1 in 2000 year probability of occurrence. The MC results also identified the eight most consequential substations in the PGE system—i.e., those that contributed to maximum load loss. This paper concludes that retrofitting these substations reduced the expected consequence cost of a M6.8 PHF event to $117 million.

Application of Isolation to High-Rise Buildings: A Japanese Design Case Study through a U.S. Design Code Lens

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 1451-1470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy C. Becker ◽  
Shunji Yamamoto ◽  
Hiroki Hamaguchi ◽  
Masahiko Higashino ◽  
Masayoshi Nakashima
Keyword(s):  
Base Isolation ◽  
Tall Buildings ◽  
Design Codes ◽  
Design Code ◽  
High Rise ◽  
The World ◽  
Design Case ◽  
Design Case Study ◽  
The U.S

Base isolation of high-rise buildings has been growing in popularity in Japan, yet it is uncommon in most of the world. While tall buildings already have long periods and thus lower input accelerations, the addition of isolation can decrease inter-story drifts and greatly decrease floor acceleration, protecting building content. By protecting building content, high-rises can be kept fully operational and occupiable after earthquakes. The Japanese design code has clearly outlined procedures for designing isolated high-rises, facilitating the implementation of isolation; however, other design codes—and specifically the U.S. code—make the adoption of isolation difficult for these buildings. Using a design representative of typical isolated high-rises in Japan, it is shown that while isolation is feasible under U.S. design levels, requirements are much more stringent, and some changes from the Japanese design would be required to make the design acceptable under the U.S. code.

Case Study concerning the Application of the U.S. Antidumping Law

2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-162
Author(s):  
Choong Lyong Ha ◽  
한나희
Keyword(s):  
Antidumping Law ◽  
The U.S

Free Trade on Television: The Triumph of Business Rhetoric

1992 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Block
Keyword(s):  
Free Trade ◽  
Free Trade Agreement ◽  
Trade Agreement ◽  
Complex Issue ◽  
Le Canada ◽  
The U.S

Abstract: This paper attempts to unravel the very complex issue of balance first by addressing its historical and theoretical contexts. Then the coverage of the U.S.-Canada Free Trade Agreement (FTA) is used as a case study. Résumé: Dans cet article l'auteur s'applique à décortiquer la complexité de la controverse notion de "balance'' dans la couverture médiatique. Il la place d'abord dans son contexte historique et théorique. Il s'appuie, ensuite, comme exemple, sur le suivi que les médias ont fait autour des pourparlers et de l'entente du libre-échange entre le Canada et les États-Unis.

Innovative promotional strategies and diversification of flavoured mass merchandise cigar products: a case study of Swedish match

2021 ◽  
pp. tobaccocontrol-2020-056145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ollie Ganz ◽  
Mary Hrywna ◽  
Kevin R J Schroth ◽  
Cristine D Delnevo
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory Authority ◽  
Business Practice ◽  
Smoking Prevention ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
The Family ◽  
Promotional Efforts ◽  
Promotional Strategies ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The U.S

In 2009, the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act (TCA) granted the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulatory authority over tobacco products, although initially this only included cigarettes, smokeless tobacco and roll-your-own tobacco. In 2016, the deeming rule extended regulatory authority to include all tobacco products, including cigars. The deeming rule prohibited the introduction of new tobacco products into the marketplace without proper marketing authorisation and laid out pathways for tobacco companies to follow. The deeming rule should have frozen the cigar marketplace in 2016. In this paper, we describe how the cigarillo marketplace, nevertheless, continues to diversify with new brands, flavors, styles and packaging sizes entering the market regularly. As an example, we highlight recent promotional efforts by Swedish Match North America (Swedish Match) for their popular cigarillo brands, including White Owl, Night Owl and Garcia y Vega’s Game brand. We argue that ambiguities in the TCA make it unclear whether Swedish Match’s seemingly new cigarillos fit the definition of new tobacco products and, if so, whether they are on the market legally. Swedish Match and other cigarillo companies may be taking advantage of these ambiguities to promote a variety of cigarillo flavors and styles in innovative ways. Given that cigars are combustible tobacco products that pose many of the same risks as cigarettes, this business practice raises significant concerns regarding the protection of public health, particularly among young people.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document