Evaluation Research in Public Health

2019 ◽  
pp. 333-354
Author(s):  
Angela J. Dawson
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Evaluation Research

scholarly journals COVID-19: systematic learning across boundaries requires a conceptual agreement

2021 ◽  
pp. 140349482110270
Author(s):  
Knut Ole Sundnes ◽  
Geir Sverre Braut
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Knowledge Base ◽  
External Validity ◽  
Evaluation Research ◽  
The Other ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Early Publication ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
Short Time

The COVID-19 epidemic has revealed a shortage of basic knowledge and understanding of pandemics, especially regarding their dynamics and how to contain them. The results are a host of governments’ decrees and instructions, one replacing the other, often within the same week. It has further, in a truly short time, resulted in an overwhelming number of publications, many of them prioritising early publication over quality. This commentary addresses the concept of structured research related to disasters and how the use of endorsed guidelines will facilitate well-designed evaluation research with improved rigour and external validity, even if applied retrospectively. The outcome should be a solidified knowledge base. Further, the important role of public health efforts is to be highlighted, as their role has proved crucial during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Disaster Evaluation Research

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edmund M. Ricci ◽  
Ernesto A. Pretto, Jr. ◽  
Knut Ole Sundnes
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Evaluation Studies ◽  
Evaluation Research ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
Scientific Evaluation ◽  
Public Health Response ◽  
Health Response ◽  
Disaster Preparedness And Response

The ultimate hope and great challenge undertaken by the authors of this volume is to improve disaster preparedness and response efforts globally by providing a standardized way to conduct rigorous and comprehensive scientific evaluative studies of the medical and public health response to these horrific events. It is our strongly held belief that the framework for the conduct of evaluative studies, as developed by specialists in scientific evaluation, offers the most appropriate and comprehensive structure for such studies. Our ‘eight-step approach’ is based upon a conceptual framework that is now widely used by health organizations globally as a basis for the evaluation of community-based medical and public health programs. We contend that many more disaster-related injuries and deaths can be prevented if the concepts and methods of evaluation science are applied to disaster events. In Part 1 of this book we describe the basic concepts and scientific methods used by program evaluation scientists to assess the structure, process, and outcomes of medical and public health interventions. In addition, a detailed description of a comprehensive medical and public health response system is described. In Part 2 we present an eight-step model for conducting an evaluative study of the response, again with a focus on the medical and public health components. Ethical issues that come into play in the conduct of disaster evaluative disaster research, and how these should be addressed, are the focus of Chapter 13. The final chapter offers a look to the future as new technology for data collection becomes available. We are not so naïve as to believe that disaster preparedness and response will change as a direct result of the availability of scientifically conducted assessments. Change requires a double pronged commitment—leaders from both the ranks of government and of the health professions must carefully consider, fund, and adopt policy positions and programs that are based upon the findings and recommendations that emerge from scientific evaluation studies. That is the most certain pathway to a better future.

scholarly journals Understanding the current discourse of rehabilitation: With reference to disability models and rehabilitation policies for evaluation research in the South African Setting

2013 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Mji ◽  
P. Chappell ◽  
S. Statham ◽  
N. Mlenzana ◽  
C. Goliath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
National Health ◽  
Evaluation Research ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Rehabilitation Services ◽  
Health Rehabilitation ◽  
African Setting

Evaluation of rehabilitation programmes is essentialin order to monitor its effectiveness and relevance. There is howevera need to consider policies when conducting evaluation researchin rehabilitation. The aim of this paper is to present the theoreticaland legislative underpinnings of rehabilitation in South Africa.A narrative review of national and international disability legislationand empirical research in context of rehabilitation was conducted.The findings of this review reveals that as a fluid construct, thediscourse of rehabilitation has been underpinned by the changingtheoretical and socio-political understandings of disability. This inturn has influenced various international and national health anddisability policies and legislations that oversee the implementation ofrehabilitation practice. Despite this, there has been little evaluationof public health rehabilitation services in context of these policies and legislations in South Africa. The fluidity of rehabilitationneed to be considered when conducting evaluation research in rehabilitation.

scholarly journals Evaluation of surveillance of dengue fever cases in the public health centre of Putat Jaya based on attribute surveillance

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Zumaroh Zumaroh
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Evaluation Research ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Public Health Centre ◽  
The Village

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a public health problem in the village of Putat Jaya which is an endemic area. Surveilans activity in DHF control program is the most important activity in controlling and monitoring disease progression. The program is expected to achieve incidence rate 55/100.000 population. This study aimed to evaluate the implementation of case surveilans in health centre of putat jaya based on attribute surveillance. Attribute surveillance is an indicator that describes the characteristics of the surveillance system. This research was an evaluation research with descriptive study design. As informants were clinic staff who deal specifically with cases of dengue hemorrhagic fever and laboratory workers. The techniques of data collection by interviews and document study. The variables of this study were simplicity, flexibility, acceptability, sensitivity, positive predictive value, representativeness, timeliness, data quality and data stability. It could be seen from Incidence Rate in 2013 has reached 133/100.00 population. The activity of surveilance in the village of Putat Jaya reviewed from disease contol program management was not succeed into decrease incidence rate of DHF. Therefore, dengue control programs in health centers Putat Jaya need to do cross-sector cooperation and cross-program cooperation, strengthening the case reporting system by way increasing in the utilization of information and communication technology electromedia.Keywords: case surveillance, dengue hemorrhagic fever, evaluation, attribute surveillance, Putat Jaya

scholarly journals Sheffield-Let's Change4Life: A whole systems approach to tackling overweight and obesity in children, young people and families - a local evaluation report

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Copeland ◽  
Max Moullin ◽  
Lindsey Reece ◽  
Debra Gibson ◽  
David Barrett
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Young People ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Evaluation Research ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Public Health Interventions ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Whole Systems ◽  
Obesity In Children

This report presents an independent critical appraisal of ‘Sheffield - Let’s change4life’ (SLC4L) – a whole systems approach to tackling obesity. The report intends to provide commissioners, providers, practitioners, researchers and evaluators of public health interventions with an informed and empirically sound platform upon which to consider the future prevention of obesity in young people, particularly in Sheffield.The report provides the following: A background to the SLC4L Programme. This includes consideration of the national and local political, fiscal and health contexts in which the programme was delivered. A brief outline of the SLC4L Programme and the Healthy Communities Challenge Fund application. An overview of the methods used and the theoretical underpinning of the evaluation. Research findings are presented beginning with the headline outcomes and finishing with the capacity and leadership elements. A comprehensive strand by strand review of interventions and findings is also provided. Recommendations for commissioners, providers and evaluators of public health interventions regarding the determinants of success using whole system approaches in the prevention of overweight and obesity in children, young people and families are made.

scholarly journals Evaluation of surveillance of dengue fever cases in the public health centre of Putat Jaya based on attribute surveillance

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Zumaroh Zumaroh
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Evaluation Research ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Public Health Centre ◽  
The Village

ABSTRACTDengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a public health problem in the village of Putat Jaya which is an endemic area. Surveilans activity in DHF control program is the most important activity in controlling and monitoring disease progression. The program is expected to achieve incidence rate 55/100.000 population. Ths study aimed to evaluate the implementation of case surveilans in health centre of putat jaya based on attribute surveillance. Attribute surveillance is an indicator that describes the characteristics of the surveillance system. This research was an evaluation research with descriptive study design. As informants were clinic staff who deal specifically with cases of dengue hemorrhagic fever and laboratory workers. The techniques of data collection by interviews and document study. The variables of this study were simplicity, flexibility, acceptability, sensitivity, positive predictive value, representativeness, timeliness, data quality and data stability. It could be seen from Incidence Rate in 2013 has reached 133/100.00 population. The activity of surveilance in the village of Putat Jaya reviewed from disease contol program management was not succeed into decrease incidence rate of DHF. Therefore, dengue control programs in health centers Putat Jaya need to do cross-sector cooperation and cross-program cooperation, strengthening the case reporting system by way increasing in the utilization of information and communication technology electromedia.Keywords: case surveillance, dengue hemorrhagic fever, evaluation, attribute surveillance, Putat Jaya

A Brief History of Disaster Evaluation Studies

2019 ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
Edmund M. Ricci ◽  
Ernesto A. Pretto ◽  
Knut Ole Sundnes
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Evaluation Studies ◽  
Evaluation Research ◽  
Scientific Study ◽  
Public Health Response ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Health Response ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

The scientific study of disasters has a long history, albeit limited in scope and structure. The first studies tended to focus on the societal and human impact of these horrific events and to report numbers of casualties. Later studies examined more deeply the impact and stresses disasters have placed upon the individuals and communities affected and upon the emergency public health and medical care systems in the affected geographic areas. The methodological challenges to conducting these studies have been great in that disasters are typically unexpected, and there is little time for recording and collecting data concurrently. However, a methodology for collecting data descriptive of the medical and public health response to disasters is evolving through much trial and error. This chapter is not intended to be a comprehensive review of disaster evaluation research and evaluation. It is, rather, a portrait of some highlights in the complex and difficult pathway traversed by those who have attempted to study disasters while using the methods of science.

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