scientific evaluation
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2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 1403-1404
Author(s):  
Mengyuan Hua ◽  
Longjun Zhou

Assignments are effective means to assess students’ learning results. Students can consolidate their knowledge through school assignments and use their knowledge to solve problems. Assignments include in-class assignments and after-class assignments. In-class assignments are not only a basic component of classroom teaching, but also assessment of students’ mastery of knowledge. After-class assignments are complementary to students’ classroom learning and of equal value to in-class assignments. At basic education levels, proper assignmentloads are necessary. Students’ learning lacks assessment without assignments; Learning without assessment is unacceptable and even brings disastrous consequences (Bai, 2010).


2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideaki Miyamoto ◽  
Takafumi Niihara ◽  
Koji Wada ◽  
Kazunori Ogawa ◽  
Hiroki Senshu ◽  
...  

AbstractThe Martian Moons eXploration (MMX) mission will study the Martian moons Phobos and Deimos, Mars, and their environments. The mission scenario includes both landing on the surface of Phobos to collect samples and deploying a small rover for in situ observations. Engineering safeties and scientific planning for these operations require appropriate evaluations of the surface environment of Phobos. Thus, the mission team organized the Landing Operation Working Team (LOWT) and Surface Science and Geology Sub-Science Team (SSG-SST), whose view of the Phobos environment is summarized in this paper. While orbital and large-scale characteristics of Phobos are relatively well known, characteristics of the surface regolith, including the particle size-distributions, the packing density, and the mechanical properties, are difficult to constrain. Therefore, we developed several types of simulated soil materials (simulant), such as UTPS-TB (University of Tokyo Phobos Simulant, Tagish Lake based), UTPS-IB (Impact-hypothesis based), and UTPS-S (Simpler version) for engineering and scientific evaluation experiments.


2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Shengsheng Wang

Cultivating innovation ability is an important task faced by higher vocational educators. The level of innovation ability reflects the degree of self-improvement, self-regulation, and self-realization of higher vocational students. It promotes scientific education and plays a guiding role in cultivating innovative talents. Based on the background of the era of big data, the thesis builds an index system for higher vocational students' entrepreneurial education ability, and is committed to establishing a scientific evaluation system. This provides theoretical basis and practical guidance for educators.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Xu ◽  
Qiyu li ◽  
Fei Qi ◽  
Wen-li Yu ◽  
Ying Zhang ◽  
...  

Abstract Background At present, the quality of articles in the field of medical popularization in China cannot be guaranteed, so it is necessary for experts engaged in scientific popularization to estabish a consensus on scientfic evaluation criteria to improve it.Objective This article aims to improve this by reaching a consensus about the scientificalness of medical articles for public through Delphi method among experts.Method The article type is research article.On the basis of AGREE II method, a set of criteria for evaluating the scientificalness of popular science articles was established, and then three rounds of Delphi expert consultation were conducted in order to achieve the final consensus.Results A total of 31 people took part in all three rounds of research, while 4 people lost their visits. Most metric reaches consensus (agreement>80%) in the final round while there remains argument concerning the “Total number of evidence selected”, “Whether a case is regarded as general situation”, “If new research evidence exists”, “The qualification of the platform for the publication of popular science articles” and “Conflict of interest”.Conclusion This study established a unified scientific evaluation standard for medical popular science articles. The study is of great significance to the establishment of operable scientific evaluation standard of popular science articles. Future research should focus on the diversity in specific aspect.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Erjon Troja ◽  
Luljeta Pinguli ◽  
Rozana Troja ◽  
Eltion Dhamo ◽  
Elena Muça

The described experimental study, performed over the years, includes the quantitative and qualitative monitoring of the presence of microorganisms of air in outdoor and indoor environments of the Albanian Capital, Tirana, during a time when large demographic movements, accompanied by important urban interventions and infrastructural changes, have been part of our lives. A project, part of the National Program in Biotechnology (R & D—the year 2000), was the first support to obtain a database on microbiological air pollution in selected urban areas in Tirana and isolate and identify specific air microbial pollutants. The results obtained were an incentive to continue further with additional scientific evaluation monitoring research, which included the years 2011 to 2015 and then those of 2016–2020. Over the years, there has been a significant reduction in pollutant microbial loads (for selected outdoor areas of the center of Tirana, the total discovered loads decreased from values of the order 105–106, to currently about 102, for the same areas). A fluctuation in indoor microbial loads was observed in many cases. Additionally, a prominent presence of typical environmental fungi pollutants such as Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus terreus, as well as bacterial pollutants, cocci, and bacilli (typical Bacillus megatherium) was identified during a Total Viable Count (TVC) and other microbiological tests of identification.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 4206-4215
Author(s):  
Guilin yang ◽  
wanping yang ◽  
Guihua yang

It is a common problem for many development zones in China to solve the problem of local talent shortage by attracting talents in short supply. However, almost all development zones have only preliminarily selected the general scope of talents in short supply. So far, there is no scientific evaluation method for whether the talents in short supply are really in short supply and how the shortage degree is. Based on the background of China’s development and the concept of shortage of talents, combined with the positioning of technology oriented development zones in China, this paper puts forward an easy to operate and quantifiable evaluation model of shortage of talents in technology oriented development zones, and illustrates the evaluation process and its application with practical cases. On this basis, a new evaluation process of shortage of talents is refined. It is expected that through the research of this paper, we can promote the standardization and scientization of the assessment of the shortage of talents in technology oriented development zones, and provide new ideas for solving the problem of shortage of talents in China’s technology oriented development zones, and provide reference for developing countries to solve the problem of regional talent shortage.


2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (39) ◽  
pp. e2108274118
Author(s):  
Iris Berent

Few questions in science are as controversial as human nature. At stake is whether our basic concepts and emotions are all learned from experience, or whether some are innate. Here, I demonstrate that reasoning about innateness is biased by the basic workings of the human mind. Psychological science suggests that newborns possess core concepts of “object” and “number.” Laypeople, however, believe that newborns are devoid of such notions but that they can recognize emotions. Moreover, people presume that concepts are learned, whereas emotions (along with sensations and actions) are innate. I trace these beliefs to two tacit psychological principles: intuitive dualism and essentialism. Essentialism guides tacit reasoning about biological inheritance and suggests that innate traits reside in the body; per intuitive dualism, however, the mind seems ethereal, distinct from the body. It thus follows that, in our intuitive psychology, concepts (which people falsely consider as disembodied) must be learned, whereas emotions, sensations, and emotions (which are considered embodied) are likely innate; these predictions are in line with the experimental results. These conclusions do not speak to the question of whether concepts and emotions are innate, but they suggest caution in its scientific evaluation.


2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. 38-38
Author(s):  
Sorana D. Bolboacă ◽  
◽  
Adriana Elena Bulboacă ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  

"The Clinical Decision Support (CDS), a form of artificial intelligence (AI), consider physician expertise and cognitive function along with patient’s data as the input and case-specific medical decision as an output. The improvements in physician’s performances when using a CDS ranges from 13% to 68%. The AI applications are of large interest nowadays, and a lot of effort is also put in the development of IT applications in healthcare. Medical decision support systems for non-medical staff users (MDSS-NMSF) as phone applications are nowadays available on the market. A MDSS-NMSF app is generally not accompanied by a scientific evaluation of the performances, even if they are freely available or not. Two clinical scenarios were created, and Doctor31 retrieved the diagnosis decisions. First scenario: man, 29 years old, and three symptoms: dysphagia, weight loss (normal body mass index), and tiredness. Second scenario: women, 47 years old with L5-S1 disk herniation, abnormal anti-TPO antibodies, lower back pain (burning sensations), constipation, and tiredness. The outcome possible effects and implications, as well as vulnerabilities induced on the used, are highlighted and discussed. "


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