Glacial Refugia and the Postglacial Migration of Dominant Tree Species in Northern China

Abstract Erythroneura sudra is a leafhopper occurring in northern China, which causes significant damage to fruit. The relationships between E. sudra and five fruit tree species (Rosaceae) were studied for 3 yr. The highest relative density of E. sudra was recorded on leaves of Amygdalus persica L. and Cerasus pseudocerasus Lindl. Likewise, it had the highest survival rate and shortest developmental time when it fed on these two plants species, indicating that they were the most preferred by E. sudra than the other plant species. The relative density and growth performance of E. sudra were negatively correlated with the levels of tannins and flavonoids in the leaves of the host species. Both plant species had relatively lower flavonoids and tannins, and this may have contributed to the enhanced survival and population growth of E. sudra. These results can guide the development of improved management strategies for this pest.

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Climatic response of three tree species growing at different elevations in the Lüliang Mountains of Northern China

Dendrochronologia ◽

10.1016/j.dendro.2012.07.003 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 311-317 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Qiufang Cai ◽

Yu Liu

Keyword(s):

Tree Species ◽

Northern China ◽

Climatic Response

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Efficacy of Trunk Trap Nets and Insecticides Applied Alone and in Combination for Control of Tree-of-heaven Root Weevil Eucryptorrhynchus scrobiculatus in Ailanthus altissima Plantations

Forests ◽

10.3390/f10110972 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 972

Author(s):

Kailang Yang ◽

Junbao Wen

Keyword(s):

Tree Species ◽

Population Monitoring ◽

Northern China ◽

Field Trials ◽

Control Technique ◽

Ailanthus Altissima ◽

Tree Health ◽

Physical Control ◽

Tree Of Heaven ◽

Combination Treatments

In Northern China, the tree-of-heaven root weevil (TRW), Eucryptorrhynchus scrobiculatus (Motschulsky) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is a serious borer pest of Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle (Sapindales: Simaroubaceae) (tree-of-heaven) is an important tree species for landscapes and afforestation. This study evaluates the efficacy of trunk trap nets (TTN), thiacloprid spray (TS), and cypermethrin spray (CS) alone, and in combination with TTN and thiacloprid or cypermethrin spray (TTNTS or TTNCS) for controlling TRW in A. altissima plantations in 2016–2018 in three sites (Haojiaqiao, Wutongshu, and Taojiajuan), which are located near Lingwu city in Ningxia, China. TTN, TTNTS, and TTNCS treatments significantly reduce marked TRW captures (more than 93% with respect to the untreated trees) and wild TRW captures in population monitoring trunk trap nets (MTTN) deployed in stands (more than 55% with respect to the untreated trees). Further field trials demonstrate that these TTN, TTNTS, and TTNCS treatments significantly reduce damage to A. altissima in stands; there are no significant differences between TTN and combination treatments. In addition, significantly more TRW are captured in MTTN within Taojiajuan than within Haojiaqiao or Wutongshu in field trials 2018. There were no significant differences between sites in 2016 and 2017. This study indicates that the TS and CS treatments used had very little to no impact on TRW populations and tree health in the timeframe examined. TTN alone are clearly effective for suppressing populations of TRW and stabilizing A. altissima tree health. This physical control technique, using TTN, could be sufficient to manage TRW on tree-of-heaven with no insecticide.

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The influence of tree species on carbon storage in northern China

The Forestry Chronicle ◽

10.5558/tfc2016-058 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 92 (03) ◽

pp. 316-321 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Guopeng Chen ◽

Huitao Shen ◽

Jiansheng Cao ◽

Wanjun Zhang

Keyword(s):

Carbon Storage ◽

Tree Species ◽

Northern China ◽

Total Carbon ◽

Pinus Tabulaeformis ◽

Management Decision ◽

Carbon Sequestration Potential ◽

Sequestration Potential ◽

Belowground Carbon ◽

Selection Of

Selection of tree species is an important management decision for increasing carbon storage in regional planting programs in China. This study quantifies above and belowground carbon storage by several species in the Desertification Combating Program around Beijing and Tianjin (DCBT). Results show that the total carbon storage of the Pinus davidiana plantation was significantly higher than that of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica but not significantly differ from plantations of Pinus tabulaeformis and Larix gmelinii var. principis-rupprechtii. Most of the carbon was in the aboveground biomass. These results suggest that tree species have substantial influences on carbon storage, and that species should be considered in improving carbon sequestration potential for afforestation/reforestation projects.

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Regional hydroclimate and precipitation δ18O revealed in tree-ring cellulose δ18O from different tree species in semi-arid Northern China

Chemical Geology ◽

10.1016/j.chemgeo.2011.01.004 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 282 (1-2) ◽

pp. 19-28 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Qiang Li ◽

Takeshi Nakatsuka ◽

Kimitaka Kawamura ◽

Yu Liu ◽

Huiming Song

Keyword(s):

Tree Ring ◽

Tree Species ◽

Northern China ◽

Semi Arid ◽

Precipitation Δ18o ◽

Tree Ring Cellulose

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Glacial refugia and modern genetic diversity of 22 western North American tree species

Proceedings of The Royal Society B Biological Sciences ◽

10.1098/rspb.2014.2903 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 282 (1804) ◽

pp. 20142903 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

David R. Roberts ◽

Andreas Hamann

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

North American ◽

Tree Species ◽

Allelic Richness ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Strong Relationship ◽

Glacial Refugia ◽

Temperate Climate ◽

Distribution Models ◽

Wide Range

North American tree species, subspecies and genetic varieties have primarily evolved in a landscape of extensive continental ice and restricted temperate climate environments. Here, we reconstruct the refugial history of western North American trees since the last glacial maximum using species distribution models, validated against 3571 palaeoecological records. We investigate how modern subspecies structure and genetic diversity corresponds to modelled glacial refugia, based on a meta-analysis of allelic richness and expected heterozygosity for 473 populations of 22 tree species. We find that species with strong genetic differentiation into subspecies had widespread and large glacial refugia, whereas species with restricted refugia show no differentiation among populations and little genetic diversity, despite being common over a wide range of environments today. In addition, a strong relationship between allelic richness and the size of modelled glacial refugia ( r 2 = 0.55) suggest that population bottlenecks during glacial periods had a pronounced effect on the presence of rare alleles.

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Postglacial migration across a large dispersal barrier outpaces regional expansion from glacial refugia: evidence from two conifers in the Pacific Northwest

10.1101/2020.01.05.895193 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

MC Fernandez ◽

FS Hu ◽

DG Gavin ◽

G deLafontaine ◽

KD Heath

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Pacific Northwest ◽

Glacial Refugia ◽

Conifer Species ◽

Changing Climate ◽

Modern Species ◽

The Pacific ◽

Postglacial Migration ◽

The Impact

AbstractUnderstanding how climate refugia and migration over great distances have facilitated species survival during periods of past climate change is crucial for evaluating contemporary threats to biodiversity. In addition to tracking a changing climate, extant species must face complex, anthropogenically fragmented landscapes. The dominant conifer species in the mesic temperate forests of the Pacific Northwest are split by the arid rain-shadow of the Cascade Range into coastal and interior distributions, with continued debate over the origins of the interior populations. If the Last Glacial Maximum extirpated populations in the interior then postglacial migration across the arid divide would have been necessary to create the current distribution, whereas interior refugial persistence could have locally repopulated the disjunction. These alternative scenarios have significant implications for the postglacial development of the Pacific Northwest mesic forests and the impact of dispersal barriers during periods of climate change. Here we use genotyping-by-sequencing (ddRADseq) and phylogeographical modeling to show that the postglacial expansion of both mountain hemlock and western redcedar consisted largely of long-distance spread inland in the direction of dominant winds, with limited expansion from an interior redcedar refugium. Our results for these two key mesic conifers, along with fossil pollen data, address the longstanding question on the development of the Pacific Northwest mesic forests and contrast with many recent studies emphasizing the role of cryptic refugia in colonizing modern species ranges.Statement of SignificanceUnderstanding whether habitat fragmentation hinders range shifts as species track a changing climate presents a pressing challenge for biologists. Species with disjunct distributions provide a natural laboratory for studying the effects of fragmentation during past periods of climate change. We find that dispersal across a 50-200-km inhospitable barrier characterized the expansion of two conifer species since the last ice age. The importance of migration, and minimal contribution of more local glacial refugia, contrasts with many recent studies emphasizing the role of microrefugia in populating modern species distributions. Our results address a longstanding question on the development of the disjunct mesic conifer forests of the Pacific Northwest and offer new insights into the spatiotemporal patterns of refugial populations and postglacial vegetation development previously unresolved despite decades of paleoecological studies.

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Assisted Migration

10.32747/2018.6893746.ch ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Stephen Handler ◽

Carrie Pike ◽

Brad St. Clair ◽

Hannah Abbotts ◽

Maria Janowiak

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Tree Species ◽

Glacial Refugia ◽

Assisted Migration ◽

Moisture Availability ◽

Distribution Shifts ◽

East West

Evidence suggests that species have responded individually during historic periods of dramatic climate change through geographic migrations to and from unique glacial refugia [1, 2, 3]. Recent research has demonstrated that many tree species are already undergoing distribution shifts in response to climate change, with different studies highlighting species that are moving poleward and higher in elevation [4], or moving east-west to track changes in moisture availability [5].

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