Vitamin C: A Natural Inhibitor of Cell Wall Functions and Stress Response in Mycobacteria

2018 ◽  
pp. 321-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirtimaan Syal ◽  
Dipankar Chatterji
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Wall Functions ◽  
Natural Inhibitor

scholarly journals Exoproteome Perspective on the Bile Stress Response of Lactobacillus johnsonii

Proteomes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Bernadette B. Bagon ◽  
Valerie Diane V. Valeriano ◽  
Ju Kyoung Oh ◽  
Edward Alain B. Pajarillo ◽  
Ji Yoon Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Triosephosphate Isomerase ◽  
Extracellular Proteins ◽  
Metabolic Adaptation ◽  
Gi Tract ◽  
Phosphotransferase System ◽  
Lactobacillus Johnsonii ◽  
Promoting Effect ◽  
Leading Role

Probiotics must not only exert a health-promoting effect but also be capable of adapting to the harsh environment of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Probiotics in the GI tract must survive the cell wall-disrupting effect of bile acids. We investigated the exoproteome of Lactobacillus johnsonii PF01 and C1-10 under bile stress. A comparative analysis revealed the similarities between the two L. johnsonii exoproteomes, as well as their different responses to bile. The large number of metabolic proteins in L. johnsonii revealed its metabolic adaptation to meet protein synthesis requirements under bile stress. In addition, cell wall modifications occurred in response to bile. Furthermore, some extracellular proteins of L. johnsonii may have moonlighting function in the presence of bile. Enolase, L-lactate dehydrogenase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, triosephosphate isomerase, 50s ribosomal protein L7/L12, and cellobiose-specific phosphotransferase system (PTS) sugar transporter were significantly upregulated under bile stress, suggesting a leading role in the collective bile stress response of L. johnsonii from its exoproteome perspective.

Effect of SunGold TM Kiwifruit and Vitamin C Consumption on Ameliorating Exercise‐Induced Stress Response in Women

2021 ◽  
pp. 2001219
Author(s):  
Ajmol Ali ◽  
Sunali Mehta ◽  
Carlene Starck ◽  
Marie Wong ◽  
Wendy J. O'Brien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Induced Stress ◽  
Exercise Induced

scholarly journals Fusarium head blight resistance in European winter wheat: insights from genome-wide transcriptome analysis

BMC Genomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Buerstmayr ◽  
Christian Wagner ◽  
Tetyana Nosenko ◽  
Jimmy Omony ◽  
Barbara Steiner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Secondary Cell Wall ◽  
Fungal Colonization ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
European Winter Wheat ◽  
Fhb Resistance

Abstract Background Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a devastating disease of wheat worldwide. Resistance to FHB is quantitatively controlled by the combined effects of many small to medium effect QTL. Flowering traits, especially the extent of extruded anthers, are strongly associated with FHB resistance. Results To characterize the genetic basis of FHB resistance, we generated and analyzed phenotypic and gene expression data on the response to Fusarium graminearum (Fg) infection in 96 European winter wheat genotypes, including several lines containing introgressions from the highly resistant Asian cultivar Sumai3. The 96 lines represented a broad range in FHB resistance and were assigned to sub-groups based on their phenotypic FHB severity score. Comparative analyses were conducted to connect sub-group-specific expression profiles in response to Fg infection with FHB resistance level. Collectively, over 12,300 wheat genes were Fusarium responsive. The core set of genes induced in response to Fg was common across different resistance groups, indicating that the activation of basal defense response mechanisms was largely independent of the resistance level of the wheat line. Fg-induced genes tended to have higher expression levels in more susceptible genotypes. Compared to the more susceptible non-Sumai3 lines, the Sumai3-derivatives demonstrated higher constitutive expression of genes associated with cell wall and plant-type secondary cell wall biogenesis and higher constitutive and Fg-induced expression of genes involved in terpene metabolism. Gene expression analysis of the FHB QTL Qfhs.ifa-5A identified a constitutively expressed gene encoding a stress response NST1-like protein (TraesCS5A01G211300LC) as a candidate gene for FHB resistance. NST1 genes are key regulators of secondary cell wall biosynthesis in anther endothecium cells. Whether the stress response NST1-like gene affects anther extrusion, thereby affecting FHB resistance, needs further investigation. Conclusion Induced and preexisting cell wall components and terpene metabolites contribute to resistance and limit fungal colonization early on. In contrast, excessive gene expression directs plant defense response towards programmed cell death which favors necrotrophic growth of the Fg pathogen and could thus lead to increased fungal colonization.

scholarly journals A novel connection between the Cell Wall Integrity and the PKA pathways regulates cell wall stress response in yeast

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raúl García ◽  
Enrique Bravo ◽  
Sonia Diez-Muñiz ◽  
Cesar Nombela ◽  
Jose M. Rodríguez-Peña ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Wall Stress ◽  
Cell Wall Integrity ◽  
Cell Wall Stress

scholarly journals Comparative transcriptomics indicate changes in cell wall organization and stress response in seedlings during spaceflight

2017 ◽  
Vol 104 (8) ◽  
pp. 1219-1231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina M. Johnson ◽  
Aswati Subramanian ◽  
Sivakumar Pattathil ◽  
Melanie J. Correll ◽  
John Z. Kiss
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Comparative Transcriptomics ◽  
Cell Wall Organization

Deletion of the Candida albicans PIR32 Results in Increased Virulence, Stress Response, and Upregulation of Cell Wall Chitin Deposition

2012 ◽  
Vol 174 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wael Bahnan ◽  
Joseph Koussa ◽  
Samer Younes ◽  
Marybel Abi Rizk ◽  
Bassem Khalil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Stress Response

scholarly journals The MAP kinase MpkA controls cell wall integrity, oxidative stress response, gliotoxin production and iron adaptation in Aspergillus fumigatus

2011 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radhika Jain ◽  
Vito Valiante ◽  
Nicole Remme ◽  
Teresa Docimo ◽  
Thorsten Heinekamp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽  
Map Kinase ◽  
Oxidative Stress Response ◽  
Cell Wall Integrity

Transcriptome profiling of aSaccharomyces cerevisiaemutant with a constitutively activated Ras/cAMP pathway

2003 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Jones ◽  
J. Petty ◽  
D. C. Hoyle ◽  
A. Hayes ◽  
E. Ragni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Microarray Analysis ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Ribosome Biogenesis ◽  
Biological Significance ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Wall Functions ◽  
Constitutive Activation ◽  
Camp Pathway

Often changes in gene expression levels have been considered significant only when above/below some arbitrarily chosen threshold. We investigated the effect of applying a purely statistical approach to microarray analysis and demonstrated that small changes in gene expression have biological significance. Whole genome microarray analysis of a pde2Δ mutant, constructed in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae reference strain FY23, revealed altered expression of ∼11% of protein encoding genes. The mutant, characterized by constitutive activation of the Ras/cAMP pathway, has increased sensitivity to stress, reduced ability to assimilate nonfermentable carbon sources, and some cell wall integrity defects. Applying the Munich Information Centre for Protein Sequences (MIPS) functional categories revealed increased expression of genes related to ribosome biogenesis and downregulation of genes in the cell rescue, defense, cell death and aging category, suggesting a decreased response to stress conditions. A reduced level of gene expression in the unfolded protein response pathway (UPR) was observed. Cell wall genes whose expression was affected by this mutation were also identified. Several of the cAMP-responsive orphan genes, upon further investigation, revealed cell wall functions; others had previously unidentified phenotypes assigned to them. This investigation provides a statistical global transcriptome analysis of the cellular response to constitutive activation of the Ras/cAMP pathway.

scholarly journals The Role of Brachypodium distachyon Wall-Associated Kinases (WAKs) in Cell Expansion and Stress Responses

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 2478
Author(s):  
Xingwen Wu ◽  
Antony Bacic ◽  
Kim L. Johnson ◽  
John Humphries
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Plant Cell ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Cell Expansion ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Brachypodium Distachyon ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Cell Integrity

The plant cell wall plays a critical role in signaling responses to environmental and developmental cues, acting as both the sensing interface and regulator of plant cell integrity. Wall-associated kinases (WAKs) are plant receptor-like kinases located at the wall—plasma membrane—cytoplasmic interface and implicated in cell wall integrity sensing. WAKs in Arabidopsis thaliana have been shown to bind pectins in different forms under various conditions, such as oligogalacturonides (OG)s in stress response, and native pectin during cell expansion. The mechanism(s) WAKs use for sensing in grasses, which contain relatively low amounts of pectin, remains unclear. WAK genes from the model monocot plant, Brachypodium distachyon were identified. Expression profiling during early seedling development and in response to sodium salicylate and salt treatment was undertaken to identify WAKs involved in cell expansion and response to external stimuli. The BdWAK2 gene displayed increased expression during cell expansion and stress response, in addition to playing a potential role in the hypersensitive response. In vitro binding assays with various forms of commercial polysaccharides (pectins, xylans, and mixed-linkage glucans) and wall-extracted fractions (pectic/hemicellulosic/cellulosic) from both Arabidopsis and Brachypodium leaf tissues provided new insights into the binding properties of BdWAK2 and other candidate BdWAKs in grasses. The BdWAKs displayed a specificity for the acidic pectins with similar binding characteristics to the AtWAKs.

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