scholarly journals Healthy Aging: IADL and Functional Disability

2020 ◽  
pp. 169-182
Author(s):  
Masashige Saito
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Functional Disability

Childhood Disadvantage and Adult Functional Status: Do Early-Life Exposures Jeopardize Healthy Aging?

2022 ◽  
pp. 089826432110647
Author(s):  
Patricia M. Morton
Keyword(s):  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Functional Status ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Childhood Disadvantage ◽  
Early Life Exposures ◽  
Over Time

Objectives To examine whether childhood disadvantage is associated with later-life functional status and identify mediating factors. Methods Unique and additive effects of five childhood domains on functional status were assessed at baseline (2006) and over time (2006–2016) in a sample of 13,894 adults from the Health and Retirement Study (>50 years). Adult health behaviors and socioeconomic status (SES) were tested as mediators. Results Respondents exposed to multiple childhood disadvantages (OR = .694) as well as low childhood SES (OR = .615), chronic diseases (OR = .694), impairments (OR = .599), and risky adolescent behaviors (OR = .608) were less likely to be free of functional disability by baseline. Over time, these unique and additive effects of childhood disadvantage increased the hazard odds of eventually developing functional disability (e.g., additive effect: hOR = 1.261). Adult health behaviors and SES mediated some of these effects. Discussion Given the enduring effects of childhood disadvantage, policies to promote healthy aging should reduce exposure to childhood disadvantage.

scholarly journals Low Back Pain in Elderly from Belém-Pa, Brazil: Prevalence and Association with Functional Disability

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1658
Author(s):  
Elaine Miyuka Sato ◽  
Mauricio Oliveira Magalhães ◽  
Beatriz Coelho Jenkins ◽  
Lays da Silva Ferreira ◽  
Hallyson Andrey Raposo da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Modifiable Factors

Background: This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of low back pain (LBP) in the elderly population living in Belém-Pará and to assess the spectrum of problems related to these diseases including the demographic, socioeconomic, occupational characteristics and disability in this population. Methods: Three structured questionnaires were applied in a randomly selected representative sample of 512 elderly people aged ≥60 years. Results: LBP prevalence in the elderly population was 55.7%. Among then, 56.1% had pain at the time of the interview (punctual prevalence), 91.7% had LBP in the last 365 days (prevalence in the last year), and 85.3% at some point in life (prevalence at some point in life). Overall, most studies are above average. LBP was positively associated with hypertension and the influence of the physical and mental health on their social activities ranged from slightly to extreme. LBP was negatively associated with characteristics, such as education (over 11 years), class A or B income, physical activity, high satisfaction with previous work, and excellent self-perceived health, corroborating to the literature. Conclusions: Greater intensity of pain and functional disability were associated with the presence of comorbidities, smoking habits, and low physical activity. LBP prevalence was high, above the national average, mainly affecting the underprivileged classes related to several modifiable factors, highlighting the importance of preventive and interventionist actions for healthy aging.

Out Of Pocket Payments For Health Care Among The Elderly With Cognitive Frailty In Malaysia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Alkhodary ◽  
Syed Mohamed Aljunid ◽  
Aniza Ismail ◽  
Amrizal Muhamad Nur ◽  
Suzana Shahar
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Utilization ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Care Utilization ◽  
Clinical Dementia Rating ◽  
Cognitive Frailty ◽  
Out Of Pocket Payments ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Background Recently, there is a concern on cognitive frailty, as a potent risk factors for dementia, functional disability, poor quality of life and mortality among elderly. Cognitive frailty is a reversible pathological transitional stage between healthy aging and disability; it is associated with increased health care utilization and co-morbidities. The study purpose was to identify socio-demographic characteristics, co-morbidities, and out-of-pocket payments for health care among elderly Malaysians with cognitive frailty. Methods The study included all participants of the third phase of Malaysian representative LRGS-TUA community based study. Multiple types of data were collected through a structured interviewed questionnaire including Fried’s test; Clinical dementia rating test; inpatient and outpatient health care utilization and amount paid. Results A total of 1,006 participants were interviewed, with 66.18% response rate. Only 730 respondents found satisfying the inclusion criteria of not having physical disability or psychiatric problem, not terminally ill, and no history of alcohol or drugs abuse. The prevalence of cognitive frailty was 4.5%. Males represented 66.6%. Hypertension, high cholesterol level, joint pain, diabetes mellitus, and vision problems, were the most common chronic diseases among cognitive frail elderly in Malaysia (69.7%, 66.7%, 48.5%, 39.4% and 39.4%, respectively). During last six months, cognitive frailty participants utilized outpatient care at governmental clinic, governmental hospitals, and private clinics (60.6%, 21.2%, and 21.2%, respectively). Out of the cognitive frail patients, only 3.0% were admitted to hospitals during last year. Around half (53%) of the study participants were spending less than RM100 per six months for health care out of their pockets, while 26%, 13%, 8% of the study participants were spending RM101 to RM200, RM201 to RM300, and > RM300 every six months out of their pockets for seeking of care, respectively. The mean total out-of-pocket payments for six months seeking of care for elderly Malaysian citizens with cognitive frailty was around RM84 (SD = 96.0) per six months. Conclusions Cognitive frailty is not a costly phenomena among elderly Malaysian citizens. Elderly Malaysians with cognitive frailty are probably characterized with good health and well controlled co-morbidities.

Longitudinal Changes in Individual BrainAGE in Healthy Aging, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Alzheimer’s Disease

GeroPsych ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 235-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja Franke ◽  
Christian Gaser
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Brain Aging ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Additional Increase ◽  
Longitudinal Changes ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
The Brain

We recently proposed a novel method that aggregates the multidimensional aging pattern across the brain to a single value. This method proved to provide stable and reliable estimates of brain aging – even across different scanners. While investigating longitudinal changes in BrainAGE in about 400 elderly subjects, we discovered that patients with Alzheimer’s disease and subjects who had converted to AD within 3 years showed accelerated brain atrophy by +6 years at baseline. An additional increase in BrainAGE accumulated to a score of about +9 years during follow-up. Accelerated brain aging was related to prospective cognitive decline and disease severity. In conclusion, the BrainAGE framework indicates discrepancies in brain aging and could thus serve as an indicator for cognitive functioning in the future.

Psychophysiological Responses to Stress Related to Anxiety in Healthy Aging

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Adorni ◽  
Agostino Brugnera ◽  
Alessia Gatti ◽  
Giorgio A. Tasca ◽  
Kaoru Sakatani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Cognitive Resources ◽  
Stressful Condition ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Situational Stress ◽  
Anxiety Response ◽  
Nirs Signal ◽  
Psychophysiological Correlates

Abstract. The aim of the study was to explore the effects of situational stress and anxiety in a group of healthy elderly, both in terms of psychophysiological correlates and cognitive performance. Eighteen participants ( Mage = 70 ± 6.3; range 60–85) were assessed for anxiety and were instructed to perform a computerized math task, under both a stressful and a control condition, while near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) signal and electrocardiography (ECG) were recorded. NIRS results evidenced an increased activation of right PFC during the entire procedure, even if effect sizes between left and right channels were larger during the experimental condition. The amount of right activation during the stressful condition was positively correlated with anxiety. Response times (RTs) were slower in more anxious than in less anxious individuals, both during the control and stressful conditions. Accuracy was lower in more anxious than in less anxious individuals, only during the stressful condition. Moreover, heart rate (HR) was not modulated by situational stress, nor by anxiety. Overall, the present study suggests that in healthy elderly, anxiety level has a significant impact on cerebral responses, and both on the amount of cognitive resources and the quality of performance in stressful situations.

Prospective Memory Development Across the Lifespan

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 162-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sascha Zuber ◽  
Matthias Kliegel
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Present Model ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Everyday Functioning ◽  
Integrative Framework

Abstract. Prospective Memory (PM; i.e., the ability to remember to perform planned tasks) represents a key proxy of healthy aging, as it relates to older adults’ everyday functioning, autonomy, and personal well-being. The current review illustrates how PM performance develops across the lifespan and how multiple cognitive and non-cognitive factors influence this trajectory. Further, a new, integrative framework is presented, detailing how those processes interplay in retrieving and executing delayed intentions. Specifically, while most previous models have focused on memory processes, the present model focuses on the role of executive functioning in PM and its development across the lifespan. Finally, a practical outlook is presented, suggesting how the current knowledge can be applied in geriatrics and geropsychology to promote healthy aging by maintaining prospective abilities in the elderly.

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